Page last updated: 2024-08-08 00:25:21
Axin-2
An Axin-2 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q9Y2T1]
Synonyms
Axin-like protein;
Axil;
Axis inhibition protein 2;
Conductin
Research
Bioassay Publications (1)
| Timeframe | Studies on this Protein(%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 0 (0.00) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 0 (0.00) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 0 (0.00) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 1 (100.00) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 0 (0.00) | 2.80 |
Compounds (1)
Drugs with Activation Measurements
| Drug | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Publication(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| xav939 | Homo sapiens (human) | EC50 | 0.3710 | 1 | 1 |
Enables
This protein enables 7 target(s):
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| protein binding | molecular function | Binding to a protein. [GOC:go_curators] |
| beta-catenin binding | molecular function | Binding to a catenin beta subunit. [GOC:bf] |
| enzyme binding | molecular function | Binding to an enzyme, a protein with catalytic activity. [GOC:jl] |
| ubiquitin protein ligase binding | molecular function | Binding to a ubiquitin protein ligase enzyme, any of the E3 proteins. [GOC:vp] |
| molecular adaptor activity | molecular function | The binding activity of a molecule that brings together two or more molecules through a selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric interaction, permitting those molecules to function in a coordinated way. [GOC:mtg_MIT_16mar07, GOC:vw] |
| I-SMAD binding | molecular function | Binding to an inhibitory SMAD signaling protein. [GOC:BHF, GOC:vk, PMID:19114992] |
| protein kinase binding | molecular function | Binding to a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate. [GOC:jl] |
Located In
This protein is located in 4 target(s):
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| nucleus | cellular component | A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. [GOC:go_curators] |
| cytoplasm | cellular component | The contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. [ISBN:0198547684] |
| centrosome | cellular component | A structure comprised of a core structure (in most organisms, a pair of centrioles) and peripheral material from which a microtubule-based structure, such as a spindle apparatus, is organized. Centrosomes occur close to the nucleus during interphase in many eukaryotic cells, though in animal cells it changes continually during the cell-division cycle. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] |
| cytosol | cellular component | The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes. [GOC:hjd, GOC:jl] |
Active In
This protein is active in 2 target(s):
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| plasma membrane | cellular component | The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. [ISBN:0716731363] |
| nucleus | cellular component | A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. [GOC:go_curators] |
Part Of
This protein is part of 1 target(s):
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| beta-catenin destruction complex | cellular component | A cytoplasmic protein complex containing glycogen synthase kinase-3-beta (GSK-3-beta), the adenomatous polyposis coli protein (APC), and the scaffolding protein axin, among others; phosphorylates beta-catenin, targets it for degradation by the proteasome. [PMID:14600025] |
Involved In
This protein is involved in 31 target(s):
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| osteoblast differentiation | biological process | The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an osteoblast, a mesodermal or neural crest cell that gives rise to bone. [CL:0000062, GO_REF:0000034, GOC:jid] |
| somitogenesis | biological process | The formation of mesodermal clusters that are arranged segmentally along the anterior posterior axis of an embryo. [ISBN:0721662544] |
| positive regulation of protein phosphorylation | biological process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups to amino acids within a protein. [GOC:hjd] |
| intramembranous ossification | biological process | Direct ossification that occurs within mesenchyme or an accumulation of relatively unspecialized cells. [ISBN:0878932437] |
| secondary heart field specification | biological process | The process that results in the delineation of a specific region of the lateral mesoderm into the area which will form the majority of the mesodermal component of the right ventricle, arterial pole (outflow tract) and venous pole (inflow tract). [GOC:mtg_heart, GOC:rl, PMID:17276708] |
| aortic valve morphogenesis | biological process | The process in which the structure of the aortic valve is generated and organized. [GOC:mtg_heart] |
| mitral valve morphogenesis | biological process | The process in which the structure of the mitral valve is generated and organized. [GOC:mtg_heart] |
| chondrocyte differentiation involved in endochondral bone morphogenesis | biological process | The process in which a chondroblast acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a chondrocyte that will contribute to the development of a bone. A chondrocyte is a polymorphic cell that forms cartilage. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
| protein localization | biological process | Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location. [GOC:ai] |
| dorsal/ventral axis specification | biological process | The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the dorsal/ventral axis. The dorsal/ventral axis is defined by a line that runs orthogonal to both the anterior/posterior and left/right axes. The dorsal end is defined by the upper or back side of an organism. The ventral end is defined by the lower or front side of an organism. [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb] |
| positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition | biological process | Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition is where an epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell. [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
| bone mineralization | biological process | The deposition of hydroxyapatite, a form of calcium phosphate with the formula Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, in bone tissue. [GOC:mah, PMID:22936354] |
| regulation of mismatch repair | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mismatch repair. [GOC:vk] |
| osteoblast proliferation | biological process | The multiplication or reproduction of osteoblasts, resulting in the expansion of an osteoblast cell population. An osteoblast is a bone-forming cell which secretes an extracellular matrix. Hydroxyapatite crystals are then deposited into the matrix to form bone. [GOC:mah] |
| negative regulation of osteoblast proliferation | biological process | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of osteoblast proliferation. [GOC:mah] |
| odontogenesis | biological process | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a tooth or teeth over time, from formation to the mature structure(s). A tooth is any hard bony, calcareous, or chitinous organ found in the mouth or pharynx of an animal and used in procuring or masticating food. [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] |
| proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process | biological process | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, and mediated by the proteasome. [GOC:go_curators] |
| maintenance of DNA repeat elements | biological process | Any process involved in sustaining the fidelity and copy number of DNA repeat elements. [GOC:jl] |
| positive regulation of fat cell differentiation | biological process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of adipocyte differentiation. [GOC:go_curators] |
| negative regulation of osteoblast differentiation | biological process | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of osteoblast differentiation. [GOC:go_curators] |
| mRNA stabilization | biological process | Prevention of degradation of mRNA molecules. In the absence of compensating changes in other processes, the slowing of mRNA degradation can result in an overall increase in the population of active mRNA molecules. [GOC:jid] |
| canonical Wnt signaling pathway | biological process | A type of Wnt signaling pathway in which Wnt binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell results in the by propagation of the molecular signals via beta-catenin, and end with a change in transcription of target genes. In this pathway, the activated receptor signals via downstream effectors that result in the inhibition of beta-catenin phosphorylation, thereby preventing degradation of beta-catenin. Stabilized beta-catenin can then accumulate and travel to the nucleus to trigger changes in transcription of target genes. [PMID:11532397, PMID:19619488] |
| regulation of chondrocyte development | biological process | Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a chondrocyte over time, from its commitment to its mature state. Chondrocyte development does not include the steps involved in committing a chondroblast to a chondrocyte fate. [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph] |
| regulation of centromeric sister chromatid cohesion | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sister chromatid cohesion in the centromeric region of a chromosome. [GOC:mah] |
| cellular response to dexamethasone stimulus | biological process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a dexamethasone stimulus. [GOC:mah, GOC:yaf] |
| stem cell proliferation | biological process | The multiplication or reproduction of stem cells, resulting in the expansion of a stem cell population. A stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10] |
| negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway | biological process | Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin, the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
| regulation of extracellular matrix organization | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of extracellular matrix organization. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:BHF, GOC:rl, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22357537] |
| positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process | biological process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, and mediated by the proteasome. [GOC:mah] |
| cell development | biological process | The cellular developmental process in which a specific cell progresses from an immature to a mature state. Cell development start once cell commitment has taken place. [GOC:go_curators] |
| positive regulation of protein kinase activity | biological process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase activity. [GOC:go_curators] |