Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 11

A tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 11 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:WCB, UniProtKB:O14788]

Synonyms

Osteoclast differentiation factor;
ODF;
Osteoprotegerin ligand;
OPGL;
Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand;
RANKL;
TNF-related activation-induced cytokine;
TRANCE

Research

Bioassay Publications (1)

Timeframe	Studies on this Protein(%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	0 (0.00)	18.2507
2000's	0 (0.00)	29.6817
2010's	0 (0.00)	24.3611
2020's	1 (100.00)	2.80

Compounds (1)

Drugs with Inhibition Measurements

Drug	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (mM)	Bioassay(s)	Publication(s)
spd-304	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	1.0000	1	1

Drugs with Activation Measurements

Drug	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (mM)	Bioassay(s)	Publication(s)
spd-304	Homo sapiens (human)	Kd	13.8000	1	1

Enables

This protein enables 5 target(s):

Target	Category	Definition
cytokine activity	molecular function	The activity of a soluble extracellular gene product that interacts with a receptor to effect a change in the activity of the receptor to control the survival, growth, differentiation and effector function of tissues and cells. [ISBN:0198599471, PMID:11530802]
tumor necrosis factor receptor binding	molecular function	Binding to a tumor necrosis factor receptor. [GOC:ai]
protein binding	molecular function	Binding to a protein. [GOC:go_curators]
tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily binding	molecular function	Binding to a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily. [GOC:add]
identical protein binding	molecular function	Binding to an identical protein or proteins. [GOC:jl]

Located In

This protein is located in 4 target(s):

Target	Category	Definition
extracellular region	cellular component	The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite. [GOC:go_curators]
extracellular space	cellular component	That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid. [ISBN:0198547684]
cytoplasm	cellular component	The contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. [ISBN:0198547684]
plasma membrane	cellular component	The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. [ISBN:0716731363]

Involved In

This protein is involved in 37 target(s):

Target	Category	Definition
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase II. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH]
ossification	biological process	The formation of bone or of a bony substance, or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance. [GOC:mtg_mpo, PMID:17572649]
osteoclast proliferation	biological process	The multiplication or reproduction of osteoclasts, resulting in the expansion of an osteoclast cell population. An osteoclast is a specialized phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of the mineralized matrix of bone tissue, which typically differentiates from monocytes. [CL:0000092, GOC:hjd]
monocyte chemotaxis	biological process	The movement of a monocyte in response to an external stimulus. [GOC:add, PMID:11696603, PMID:15173832]
immune response	biological process	Any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat. [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add]
JNK cascade	biological process	A MAPK cascade containing at least the JNK (MAPK8) MAP kinase. It starts with the activation of JUN3K (a MAPK3K), which activates JNKK a MAP2K), which in turn activates JNK. The cascade can also contain an additional tier: the upstream MAP4K. The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinases in the downstream tier. The JNK cascade is activated by stress signals, as well as by G protein-coupled receptors, growth factors, and cytokines, and results in cellular responses such as cell proliferation, cell differentiation, apoptosis and inflammation. [PMID:11790549, PMID:20811974, PMID:23125017]
positive regulation of gene expression	biological process	Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product (protein or RNA). [GOC:txnOH-2018]
cytokine-mediated signaling pathway	biological process	The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a cytokine to a receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. [GOC:mah, GOC:signaling, PMID:19295629]
calcium-mediated signaling	biological process	Any intracellular signal transduction in which the signal is passed on within the cell via calcium ions. [GOC:signaling]
osteoclast differentiation	biological process	The process in which a relatively unspecialized monocyte acquires the specialized features of an osteoclast. An osteoclast is a specialized phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of the mineralized matrix of bone tissue. [CL:0000092, GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149, PMID:12161749]
tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway	biological process	The series of molecular signals initiated by tumor necrosis factor binding to its receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. [GOC:mah, GOC:signaling]
mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation	biological process	The multiplication or reproduction of mammary gland epithelial cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. Mammary gland epithelial cells make up the covering of surfaces of the mammary gland. The mammary gland is a large compound sebaceous gland that in female mammals is modified to secrete milk. [GOC:dph, GOC:mah]
positive regulation of homotypic cell-cell adhesion	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of homotypic cell-cell adhesion. [GOC:add]
osteoclast development	biological process	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a osteoclast from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a specific fate. An osteoclast is a specialized phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of the mineralized matrix of bone tissue. [CL:0000092, GOC:bf, GOC:yaf]
paracrine signaling	biological process	The transfer of information from one cell to another, where the signal travels from the signal-producing cell to the receiving cell by passive diffusion or bulk flow in intercellular fluid. The signaling cell and the receiving cell are usually in the vicinity of each other. [GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11, ISBN:3527303782]
positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a canonical NF-kappaB signaling cascade. [GOC:jl]
positive regulation of MAP kinase activity	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of MAP kinase activity. [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators]
phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction	biological process	An intracellular signaling cassette that starts with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) activation, production of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P), activation of PDK1, which recruits and ending with the activation of protein kinase B (PKB, also known as Akt). PI3K is activated by cell surface receptors. Note that PTEN is an inhibitor of the pathway. [PMID:20517722, PMID:22952397]
tooth eruption	biological process	The tooth development process in which the teeth enter the mouth and become visible. [Wikipedia:Tooth_eruption]
bone resorption	biological process	The process in which specialized cells known as osteoclasts degrade the organic and inorganic portions of bone, and endocytose and transport the degradation products. [GOC:mah, PMID:10968780]
positive regulation of osteoclast differentiation	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of osteoclast differentiation. [GOC:go_curators]
positive regulation of bone resorption	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of bone resorption. [GOC:go_curators]
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH]
positive regulation of JNK cascade	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the JNK cascade. [GOC:bf]
positive regulation of T cell activation	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T cell activation. [GOC:ai]
positive regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of a transcription factor, any factor involved in the initiation or regulation of transcription. [GOC:ai]
positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:15087454, PMID:15170030]
positive regulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone secretion	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of corticotropin-releasing hormone from a cell. [GOC:ai]
positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction. [GOC:ai]
calcium ion homeostasis	biological process	Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions within an organism or cell. [GOC:ceb, GOC:jid, GOC:mah]
mammary gland alveolus development	biological process	The progression of the mammary gland alveolus over time, from its formation to its mature state. The mammary gland alveolus is a sac-like structure that is found in the mature gland. [GOC:dph]
ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	biological process	A MAPK cascade containing at least the ERK1 or ERK2 MAP kinases. It starts with the activation of a MAP3K, and the consecutive activation of a MPK2K and of ERK1 or ERK2. The cascade can also contain an additional tier: the upstream MAP4K. The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinase in the downstream tier. The ERK1/ERK2 cascade is activated by mitogens, growth factors, G protein-coupled receptors, and results in cellular responses such as cell proliferation, cell differentiation and development. [PMID:20811974, PMID:23125017, PMID:28903453]
positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the ERK1 and ERK2 cascade. [GOC:mah]
positive regulation of fever generation by positive regulation of prostaglandin secretion	biological process	Any process that increases the rate or extent of fever generation via positive regulation of the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a prostaglandin from a cell. [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:mah]
positive regulation of intracellular signal transduction	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of intracellular signal transduction. [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:signaling, GOC:tb, GOC:TermGenie]
cellular response to leukemia inhibitory factor	biological process	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a leukemia inhibitory factor stimulus. [PMID:12801913]
positive regulation of osteoclast development	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of osteoclast development. [GOC:obol]