| Protein | Synonyms | Taxonomy |
|---|
| N-(5-amino-5-carboxypentanoyl)-L-cysteinyl-D-valine synthase | EC 6.3.2.26; Delta-(L-alpha-aminoadipyl)-L-cysteinyl-D-valine synthetase; ACV synthetase; ACVS | Penicillium chrysogenum |
| Deacetoxycephalosporin C hydroxylase | EC 1.14.11.26; Beta-lactam hydroxylase; Deacetylcephalosporin C synthase; DACS | Streptomyces clavuligerus |
| Isopenicillin N epimerase | EC 5.1.1.17 | Streptomyces clavuligerus |
| Isopenicillin N synthase | IPNS; EC 1.21.3.1 | Hapsidospora chrysogena |
| Isopenicillin N synthase | IPNS; EC 1.21.3.1 | Amycolatopsis lactamdurans |
| Deacetoxycephalosporin C synthase | DAOCS; EC 1.14.20.1; Expandase | Streptomyces clavuligerus |
| Acetyl-CoA--deacetylcephalosporin C acetyltransferase | DAC acetyltransferase; DAC-AT; DCPC-ATF; EC 2.3.1.175 | Hapsidospora chrysogena |
| 3'-hydroxymethylcephem-O-carbamoyltransferase | 3'-hydroxymethylcephem-O-CASE; CCT; EC 2.1.3.- | Streptomyces clavuligerus |
| Cephalosporin biosynthesis expandase/hydroxylase | | Hapsidospora chrysogena |
| Acyl-coenzyme A:6-aminopenicillanic-acid-acyltransferase 40 kDa form | EC 2.3.1.164; Isopenicillin-N N-acyltransferase | Penicillium chrysogenum |
| Rhamnosyl O-methyltransferase | | Streptomyces clavuligerus |
| Compound | Description |
|---|
| diphosphoric acid | |
| hydronium ion | |
| Cobalt | A trace element that is a component of vitamin B12. It has the atomic symbol Co, atomic number 27, and atomic weight 58.93. It is used in nuclear weapons, alloys, and pigments. Deficiency in animals leads to anemia; its excess in humans can lead to erythrocytosis. |
| Succinate | |
| Mercury | A silver metallic element that exists as a liquid at room temperature. It has the atomic symbol Hg (from hydrargyrum, liquid silver), atomic number 80, and atomic weight 200.59. Mercury is used in many industrial applications and its salts have been employed therapeutically as purgatives, antisyphilitics, disinfectants, and astringents. It can be absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes which leads to MERCURY POISONING. Because of its toxicity, the clinical use of mercury and mercurials is diminishing. |
| Copper | A heavy metal trace element with the atomic symbol Cu, atomic number 29, and atomic weight 63.55. |
| iron | A metallic element with atomic symbol Fe, atomic number 26, and atomic weight 55.85. It is an essential constituent of HEMOGLOBINS; CYTOCHROMES; and IRON-BINDING PROTEINS. It plays a role in cellular redox reactions and in the transport of OXYGEN. |
| Manganese | A trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1992, p2035) |
| Carbon Dioxide | A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals. |
| iodine | A nonmetallic element of the halogen group that is represented by the atomic symbol I, atomic number 53, and atomic weight of 126.90. It is a nutritionally essential element, especially important in thyroid hormone synthesis. In solution, it has anti-infective properties and is used topically. |
| Zinc | A metallic element of atomic number 30 and atomic weight 65.38. It is a necessary trace element in the diet, forming an essential part of many enzymes, and playing an important role in protein synthesis and in cell division. Zinc deficiency is associated with ANEMIA, short stature, HYPOGONADISM, impaired WOUND HEALING, and geophagia. It is known by the symbol Zn. |
| Orthophosphate | |
| isoniazid | Antibacterial agent used primarily as a tuberculostatic. It remains the treatment of choice for tuberculosis. |
| Sodium Chloride | A ubiquitous sodium salt that is commonly used to season food. |
| picibanil | A lyophilized preparation of a low-virulence strain (SU) of Streptococcus pyogenes (S. hemolyticus), inactivated by heating with penicillin G. It has been proposed as a noncytotoxic antineoplastic agent because of its immune system-stimulating activity. |
| Magnesium | A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Mg, atomic number 12, and atomic weight 24.31. It is important for the activity of many enzymes, especially those involved in OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION. |
| Nickel | A trace element with the atomic symbol Ni, atomic number 28, and atomic weight 58.69. It is a cofactor of the enzyme UREASE. |
| Water | A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) |
| Oxygen | An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration. |
| iodoacetamide | An alkylating sulfhydryl reagent. Its actions are similar to those of iodoacetate. |
| Pyruvic Acid | An intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed) |
| 1,10-phenanthroline | RN given refers to parent cpd; inhibits Zn-dependent metalloproteinases |
| phenylglyoxal | A reagent that is highly selective for the modification of arginyl residues. It is used to selectively inhibit various enzymes and acts as an energy transfer inhibitor in photophosphorylation. |
| mercaptoethanol | A water-soluble thiol derived from hydrogen sulfide and ethanol. It is used as a reducing agent for disulfide bonds and to protect sulfhydryl groups from oxidation. |
| adenosine monophosphate | Adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-position. |
| alpha-Ketoglutarate | |
| Carbamyl Phosphate | The monoanhydride of carbamic acid with PHOSPHORIC ACID. It is an important intermediate metabolite and is synthesized enzymatically by CARBAMYL-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE (AMMONIA) and CARBAMOYL-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE (GLUTAMINE-HYDROLYZING). |
| iproniazid | An irreversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase types A and B that is used as an antidepressive agent. It has also been used as an antitubercular agent, but its use is limited by its toxicity. |
| ethylmaleimide | A sulfhydryl reagent that is widely used in experimental biochemical studies. |
| dithiothreitol | A reagent commonly used in biochemical studies as a protective agent to prevent the oxidation of SH (thiol) groups and for reducing disulphides to dithiols. |
| Edetic Acid | A chelating agent that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations such as CALCIUM. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive. |
| adenosine triphosphate | An adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter. |
| ammonium sulfate | Sulfuric acid diammonium salt. It is used in CHEMICAL FRACTIONATION of proteins. |
| Cysteine | A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE. |
| Cycloserine | Antibiotic substance produced by Streptomyces garyphalus. |
| bathophenanthroline | |
| 4,4'-dipyridyl disulfide | |
| hydroxylamine | A colorless inorganic compound (HONH2) used in organic synthesis and as a reducing agent, due to its ability to donate nitric oxide. |
| Doxapram Hydrochloride | |
| s-adenosylmethionine | Physiologic methyl radical donor involved in enzymatic transmethylation reactions and present in all living organisms. It possesses anti-inflammatory activity and has been used in treatment of chronic liver disease. (From Merck, 11th ed) |
| Coenzyme A | |
| deacetoxycephalosporin C | RN given refers to (6R-(6alpha,7beta(R*)))-isomer; structure given in first source |
| isopenicillin N | |
| octanoyl-coenzyme A | |
| penicillin N | RN given refers to (2S-(2alpha,5alpha,6beta(S*)))-isomer; structure in Merck, 9th ed, #6887 |
| deacetylcephalosporin C | RN given refers to (6R-(6alpha,7beta(R*)))-isomer |
| Acetyl Coenzyme A | Acetyl CoA participates in the biosynthesis of fatty acids and sterols, in the oxidation of fatty acids and in the metabolism of many amino acids. It also acts as a biological acetylating agent. |
| Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide | A condensation product of riboflavin and adenosine diphosphate. The coenzyme of various aerobic dehydrogenases, e.g., D-amino acid oxidase and L-amino acid oxidase. (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p972) |