Page last updated: 2024-10-06

superpathway of methylglyoxal degradation

Proteins (13)

ProteinSynonymsTaxonomy
Quinone-dependent D-lactate dehydrogenaseEC 1.1.5.12; (R)-lactate:quinone 2-oxidoreductase; D-lactate dehydrogenase; D-LDH; Respiratory D-lactate dehydrogenaseEscherichia coli K-12
Lactoylglutathione lyaseEC 4.4.1.5; Aldoketomutase; Glyoxalase I; Glx I; Ketone-aldehyde mutase; Methylglyoxalase; S-D-lactoylglutathione methylglyoxal lyaseEscherichia coli K-12
Lactaldehyde dehydrogenaseEC 1.2.1.22; Aldehyde dehydrogenase A; Glycolaldehyde dehydrogenase; 1.2.1.21Escherichia coli K-12
2,5-diketo-D-gluconic acid reductase A2,5-DKG reductase A; 2,5-DKGR A; 25DKGR-A; EC 1.1.1.274; AKR5CEscherichia coli K-12
Glycerol dehydrogenaseGDH; GLDH; EC 1.1.1.6Escherichia coli K-12
Hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase GloBEC 3.1.2.6; Glyoxalase II; Glx IIEscherichia coli K-12
2,5-diketo-D-gluconic acid reductase B2,5-DKG reductase B; 2,5-DKGR B; 25DKGR-B; EC 1.1.1.346; AKR5DEscherichia coli K-12
S-formylglutathione hydrolase YeiGFGH; EC 3.1.2.12Escherichia coli K-12
L-lactate dehydrogenaseEC 1.1.-.-Escherichia coli K-12
Hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase GloCEC 3.1.2.6; Accessory type II glyoxalase; Glyoxalase II 2; GlxII-2Escherichia coli K-12
Uncharacterized protein YeaEEscherichia coli K-12
L-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate reductaseGAP reductase; EC 1.1.1.-Escherichia coli K-12
Alcohol dehydrogenase YqhDEC 1.1.1.-Escherichia coli K-12

Compounds (22)

CompoundDescription
hydronium ion
CobaltA trace element that is a component of vitamin B12. It has the atomic symbol Co, atomic number 27, and atomic weight 58.93. It is used in nuclear weapons, alloys, and pigments. Deficiency in animals leads to anemia; its excess in humans can lead to erythrocytosis.
NADH
CopperA heavy metal trace element with the atomic symbol Cu, atomic number 29, and atomic weight 63.55.
ZincA metallic element of atomic number 30 and atomic weight 65.38. It is a necessary trace element in the diet, forming an essential part of many enzymes, and playing an important role in protein synthesis and in cell division. Zinc deficiency is associated with ANEMIA, short stature, HYPOGONADISM, impaired WOUND HEALING, and geophagia. It is known by the symbol Zn.
Flavin MononucleotideA coenzyme for a number of oxidative enzymes including NADH DEHYDROGENASE. It is the principal form in which RIBOFLAVIN is found in cells and tissues.
ubiquinol 1
NickelA trace element with the atomic symbol Ni, atomic number 28, and atomic weight 58.69. It is a cofactor of the enzyme UREASE.
WaterA clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Pyruvic AcidAn intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed)
mercaptoethanolA water-soluble thiol derived from hydrogen sulfide and ethanol. It is used as a reducing agent for disulfide bonds and to protect sulfhydryl groups from oxidation.
nadA coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-diphosphate coupled to adenosine 5'-phosphate by pyrophosphate linkage. It is found widely in nature and is involved in numerous enzymatic reactions in which it serves as an electron carrier by being alternately oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH). (Dorland, 27th ed)
NADPNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) coupled by pyrophosphate linkage to the 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate. It serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH). (Dorland, 27th ed)
NADPNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) coupled by pyrophosphate linkage to the 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate. It serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH). (Dorland, 27th ed)
dithiothreitolA reagent commonly used in biochemical studies as a protective agent to prevent the oxidation of SH (thiol) groups and for reducing disulphides to dithiols.
Levocarnitine
Propylene Glycol, (S)-Isomer
ubiquinone q1interacts with iron atom to form acceptor quinone complex
acetolstructure
pyruvaldehydeAn organic compound used often as a reagent in organic synthesis, as a flavoring agent, and in tanning. It has been demonstrated as an intermediate in the metabolism of acetone and its derivatives in isolated cell preparations, in various culture media, and in vivo in certain animals.
S-D-lactoylglutathione
Flavin-Adenine DinucleotideA condensation product of riboflavin and adenosine diphosphate. The coenzyme of various aerobic dehydrogenases, e.g., D-amino acid oxidase and L-amino acid oxidase. (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p972)