| hydronium ion | |
| uridine diphosphate | A uracil nucleotide containing a pyrophosphate group esterified to C5 of the sugar moiety. |
| Ammonium | |
| physostigmine | A cholinesterase inhibitor that is rapidly absorbed through membranes. It can be applied topically to the conjunctiva. It also can cross the blood-brain barrier and is used when central nervous system effects are desired, as in the treatment of severe anticholinergic toxicity. |
| formaldehyde | A highly reactive aldehyde gas formed by oxidation or incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons. In solution, it has a wide range of uses: in the manufacture of resins and textiles, as a disinfectant, and as a laboratory fixative or preservative. Formaldehyde solution (formalin) is considered a hazardous compound, and its vapor toxic. (From Reynolds, Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p717) |
| Hydrogen Peroxide | A strong oxidizing agent used in aqueous solution as a ripening agent, bleach, and topical anti-infective. It is relatively unstable and solutions deteriorate over time unless stabilized by the addition of acetanilide or similar organic materials. |
| melatonin | A biogenic amine that is found in animals and plants. In mammals, melatonin is produced by the PINEAL GLAND. Its secretion increases in darkness and decreases during exposure to light. Melatonin is implicated in the regulation of SLEEP, mood, and REPRODUCTION. Melatonin is also an effective antioxidant. |
| Water | A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) |
| Oxygen | An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration. |
| methoxytryptophol | |
| n-acetyl-n-formyl-5-methoxykynurenamine | metabolite of melatonin; structure in first source |
| 5-methoxytryptamine | Serotonin derivative proposed as potentiator for hypnotics and sedatives. |
| 6-hydroxymelatonin | |
| formate | |
| n-acetyl-5-methoxy kynurenamine | melatonin brain metabolite |
| clorgyline | An antidepressive agent and monoamine oxidase inhibitor related to PARGYLINE. |
| 5-methoxyindoleacetic acid | serotonin metabolite |
| adenosine 3'-phosphate-5'-phosphate | |
| n-acetylserotonin | |