| Protein | Synonyms | Taxonomy |
|---|
| Glycerate 3-kinase | EC 2.7.1.31; D-Glycerate-3-kinase; Glycerate kinase 2; GK2 | Escherichia coli K-12 |
| Glycolate oxidase subunit GlcD | EC 1.1.99.14; Glycolate dehydrogenase subunit GlcD | Escherichia coli K-12 |
| Glycolate oxidase subunit GlcE | EC 1.1.99.14; Glycolate dehydrogenase subunit GlcE | Escherichia coli K-12 |
| Glycolate oxidase iron-sulfur subunit | EC 1.1.99.14; Glycolate dehydrogenase subunit GlcF; Glycolate oxidase subunit GlcF | Escherichia coli K-12 |
| Malate synthase G | MSG; EC 2.3.3.9 | Escherichia coli K-12 |
| Lactaldehyde dehydrogenase | EC 1.2.1.22; Aldehyde dehydrogenase A; Glycolaldehyde dehydrogenase; 1.2.1.21 | Escherichia coli K-12 |
| 2-hydroxy-3-oxopropionate reductase | EC 1.1.1.60; Tartronate semialdehyde reductase; TSAR | Escherichia coli K-12 |
| Glyoxylate carboligase | EC 4.1.1.47; Tartronate-semialdehyde synthase | Escherichia coli K-12 |
| Glycerate 2-kinase | EC 2.7.1.165; Glycerate kinase 1; GK1 | Escherichia coli K-12 |
| Lactaldehyde reductase | EC 1.1.1.77; Propanediol oxidoreductase | Escherichia coli K-12 |
| Compound | Description |
|---|
| hydronium ion | |
| Thiamine Pyrophosphate | The coenzyme form of Vitamin B1 present in many animal tissues. It is a required intermediate in the PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX and the KETOGLUTARATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX. |
| NADH | |
| copper sulfate | A sulfate salt of copper. It is a potent emetic and is used as an antidote for poisoning by phosphorus. It also can be used to prevent the growth of algae. |
| ammonium chloride | An acidifying agent that has expectorant and diuretic effects. Also used in etching and batteries and as a flux in electroplating. |
| Mercury | A silver metallic element that exists as a liquid at room temperature. It has the atomic symbol Hg (from hydrargyrum, liquid silver), atomic number 80, and atomic weight 200.59. Mercury is used in many industrial applications and its salts have been employed therapeutically as purgatives, antisyphilitics, disinfectants, and astringents. It can be absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes which leads to MERCURY POISONING. Because of its toxicity, the clinical use of mercury and mercurials is diminishing. |
| Copper | A heavy metal trace element with the atomic symbol Cu, atomic number 29, and atomic weight 63.55. |
| iron | A metallic element with atomic symbol Fe, atomic number 26, and atomic weight 55.85. It is an essential constituent of HEMOGLOBINS; CYTOCHROMES; and IRON-BINDING PROTEINS. It plays a role in cellular redox reactions and in the transport of OXYGEN. |
| Carbon Dioxide | A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals. |
| Zinc | A metallic element of atomic number 30 and atomic weight 65.38. It is a necessary trace element in the diet, forming an essential part of many enzymes, and playing an important role in protein synthesis and in cell division. Zinc deficiency is associated with ANEMIA, short stature, HYPOGONADISM, impaired WOUND HEALING, and geophagia. It is known by the symbol Zn. |
| adenosine diphosphate | Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position. |
| potassium | An element in the alkali group of metals with an atomic symbol K, atomic number 19, and atomic weight 39.10. It is the chief cation in the intracellular fluid of muscle and other cells. Potassium ion is a strong electrolyte that plays a significant role in the regulation of fluid volume and maintenance of the WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE. |
| Magnesium | A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Mg, atomic number 12, and atomic weight 24.31. It is important for the activity of many enzymes, especially those involved in OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION. |
| Sodium | A member of the alkali group of metals. It has the atomic symbol Na, atomic number 11, and atomic weight 23. |
| Water | A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) |
| Pyruvic Acid | An intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed) |
| dithionite | Dithionite. The dithionous acid ion and its salts. |
| nad | A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-diphosphate coupled to adenosine 5'-phosphate by pyrophosphate linkage. It is found widely in nature and is involved in numerous enzymatic reactions in which it serves as an electron carrier by being alternately oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH). (Dorland, 27th ed) |
| ethylene glycol | A colorless, odorless, viscous dihydroxy alcohol. It has a sweet taste, but is poisonous if ingested. Ethylene glycol is the most important glycol commercially available and is manufactured on a large scale in the United States. It is used as an antifreeze and coolant, in hydraulic fluids, and in the manufacture of low-freezing dynamites and resins. |
| glyoxylate | |
| glycolate | |
| adenosine triphosphate | An adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter. |
| ubiquinone-o | |
| glycolaldehyde | structure |
| potassium cyanide | A highly poisonous compound that is an inhibitor of many metabolic processes, but has been shown to be an especially potent inhibitor of heme enzymes and hemeproteins. It is used in many industrial processes. |
| Coenzyme A | |
| Acetyl Coenzyme A | Acetyl CoA participates in the biosynthesis of fatty acids and sterols, in the oxidation of fatty acids and in the metabolism of many amino acids. It also acts as a biological acetylating agent. |
| Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide | A condensation product of riboflavin and adenosine diphosphate. The coenzyme of various aerobic dehydrogenases, e.g., D-amino acid oxidase and L-amino acid oxidase. (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p972) |