| Protein | Synonyms | Taxonomy |
|---|
| Ketol-acid reductoisomerase (NADP(+)) | KARI; EC 1.1.1.86; Acetohydroxy-acid isomeroreductase; AHIR; Alpha-keto-beta-hydroxylacyl reductoisomerase; Ketol-acid reductoisomerase type 2; Ketol-acid reductoisomerase type II | Escherichia coli K-12 |
| Primary amine oxidase | EC 1.4.3.21; 2-phenylethylamine oxidase; Copper amine oxidase; Tyramine oxidase | Escherichia coli K-12 |
| Phosphate acetyltransferase | EC 2.3.1.8; Phosphotransacetylase | Escherichia coli K-12 |
| Branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase | BCAT; EC 2.6.1.42; Transaminase B | Escherichia coli K-12 |
| Acetate kinase | EC 2.7.2.1; Acetokinase | Escherichia coli K-12 |
| Acetolactate synthase isozyme 3 large subunit | EC 2.2.1.6; AHAS-III; ALS-III; Acetohydroxy-acid synthase III large subunit | Escherichia coli K-12 |
| Acetolactate synthase isozyme 3 small subunit | EC 2.2.1.6; ALS-III; Acetohydroxy-acid synthase III small subunit; AHAS-III | Escherichia coli K-12 |
| Acetolactate synthase isozyme 2 small subunit | EC 2.2.1.6; ALS-II; Acetohydroxy-acid synthase II small subunit; AHAS-II | Escherichia coli K-12 |
| Probable alcohol dehydrogenase | EC 1.1.1.1 | Escherichia coli K-12 |
| L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase | TDH; EC 1.1.1.103; L-threonine dehydrogenase | Escherichia coli K-12 |
| 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase | AKB ligase; EC 2.3.1.29; Glycine acetyltransferase | Escherichia coli K-12 |
| Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase | EC 1.2.1.10; Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase [acetylating] | Escherichia coli K-12 |
| Low specificity L-threonine aldolase | Low specificity L-TA; EC 4.1.2.48 | Escherichia coli K-12 |
| L-threonine kinase | EC 2.7.1.177; Propanediol utilization protein PduX | Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium str. LT2 |
| Threonine-phosphate decarboxylase | EC 4.1.1.81; L-threonine-O-3-phosphate decarboxylase | Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium str. LT2 |
| Dihydroxy-acid dehydratase | DAD; EC 4.2.1.9 | Escherichia coli K-12 |
| Formate acetyltransferase 1 | EC 2.3.1.54; Pyruvate formate-lyase 1 | Escherichia coli K-12 |
| Aldehyde-alcohol dehydrogenase | | Escherichia coli K-12 |
| Putative acetolactate synthase isozyme 2 large subunit | AHAS-II; ALS-II; Acetohydroxy-acid synthase II large subunit | Escherichia coli K-12 |
| Propionate kinase | EC 2.7.2.15 | Escherichia coli K-12 |
| PFL-like enzyme TdcE | Keto-acid formate acetyltransferase; Keto-acid formate-lyase; Ketobutyrate formate-lyase; KFL; 2.3.1.-; Pyruvate formate-lyase; PFL; 2.3.1.54 | Escherichia coli K-12 |
| Compound | Description |
|---|
| hydronium ion | |
| Beryllium | An element with the atomic symbol Be, atomic number 4, and atomic weight 9.01218. Short exposure to this element can lead to a type of poisoning known as BERYLLIOSIS. |
| Thiamine Pyrophosphate | The coenzyme form of Vitamin B1 present in many animal tissues. It is a required intermediate in the PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX and the KETOGLUTARATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX. |
| NADH | |
| Ammonium | |
| silver | An element with the atomic symbol Ag, atomic number 47, and atomic weight 107.87. It is a soft metal that is used medically in surgical instruments, dental prostheses, and alloys. Long-continued use of silver salts can lead to a form of poisoning known as ARGYRIA. |
| Mercury | A silver metallic element that exists as a liquid at room temperature. It has the atomic symbol Hg (from hydrargyrum, liquid silver), atomic number 80, and atomic weight 200.59. Mercury is used in many industrial applications and its salts have been employed therapeutically as purgatives, antisyphilitics, disinfectants, and astringents. It can be absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes which leads to MERCURY POISONING. Because of its toxicity, the clinical use of mercury and mercurials is diminishing. |
| Copper | A heavy metal trace element with the atomic symbol Cu, atomic number 29, and atomic weight 63.55. |
| iron | A metallic element with atomic symbol Fe, atomic number 26, and atomic weight 55.85. It is an essential constituent of HEMOGLOBINS; CYTOCHROMES; and IRON-BINDING PROTEINS. It plays a role in cellular redox reactions and in the transport of OXYGEN. |
| Manganese | A trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1992, p2035) |
| Carbon Dioxide | A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals. |
| Zinc | A metallic element of atomic number 30 and atomic weight 65.38. It is a necessary trace element in the diet, forming an essential part of many enzymes, and playing an important role in protein synthesis and in cell division. Zinc deficiency is associated with ANEMIA, short stature, HYPOGONADISM, impaired WOUND HEALING, and geophagia. It is known by the symbol Zn. |
| Orthophosphate | |
| guaiacol | An agent thought to have disinfectant properties and used as an expectorant. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p747) |
| adenosine diphosphate | Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position. |
| Hydrogen Peroxide | A strong oxidizing agent used in aqueous solution as a ripening agent, bleach, and topical anti-infective. It is relatively unstable and solutions deteriorate over time unless stabilized by the addition of acetanilide or similar organic materials. |
| Magnesium | A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Mg, atomic number 12, and atomic weight 24.31. It is important for the activity of many enzymes, especially those involved in OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION. |
| Nickel | A trace element with the atomic symbol Ni, atomic number 28, and atomic weight 58.69. It is a cofactor of the enzyme UREASE. |
| Water | A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) |
| Oxygen | An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration. |
| Pyruvic Acid | An intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed) |
| 2,3-pentanedione | |
| 1,2-cyclohexanedione | |
| phenylglyoxal | A reagent that is highly selective for the modification of arginyl residues. It is used to selectively inhibit various enzymes and acts as an energy transfer inhibitor in photophosphorylation. |
| mercaptoethanol | A water-soluble thiol derived from hydrogen sulfide and ethanol. It is used as a reducing agent for disulfide bonds and to protect sulfhydryl groups from oxidation. |
| adenosine monophosphate | Adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-position. |
| nad | A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-diphosphate coupled to adenosine 5'-phosphate by pyrophosphate linkage. It is found widely in nature and is involved in numerous enzymatic reactions in which it serves as an electron carrier by being alternately oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH). (Dorland, 27th ed) |
| NADP | Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) coupled by pyrophosphate linkage to the 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate. It serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH). (Dorland, 27th ed) |
| NADP | Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) coupled by pyrophosphate linkage to the 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate. It serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH). (Dorland, 27th ed) |
| alpha-Ketoglutarate | |
| acetaldehyde | A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of acetic acid, perfumes, and flavors. It is also an intermediate in the metabolism of alcohol. It has a general narcotic action and also causes irritation of mucous membranes. Large doses may cause death from respiratory paralysis. |
| benzaldehyde | RN given refers to parent cpd; structure |
| formate | |
| Cadmium | An element with atomic symbol Cd, atomic number 48, and atomic weight 112.41. It is a metal and ingestion will lead to CADMIUM POISONING. |
| 2-ketobutyrate | |
| dithiothreitol | A reagent commonly used in biochemical studies as a protective agent to prevent the oxidation of SH (thiol) groups and for reducing disulphides to dithiols. |
| glutamate | |
| 4-mercuribenzoate | |
| adenosine triphosphate | An adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter. |
| Cysteine | A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE. |
| diacetyl | Carrier of aroma of butter, vinegar, coffee, and other foods. |
| pyruvaldehyde | An organic compound used often as a reagent in organic synthesis, as a flavoring agent, and in tanning. It has been demonstrated as an intermediate in the metabolism of acetone and its derivatives in isolated cell preparations, in various culture media, and in vivo in certain animals. |
| Coenzyme A | |
| Acetyl Coenzyme A | Acetyl CoA participates in the biosynthesis of fatty acids and sterols, in the oxidation of fatty acids and in the metabolism of many amino acids. It also acts as a biological acetylating agent. |
| propionyl-coenzyme A | RN given refers to parent cpd |
| Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide | A condensation product of riboflavin and adenosine diphosphate. The coenzyme of various aerobic dehydrogenases, e.g., D-amino acid oxidase and L-amino acid oxidase. (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p972) |