| Protein | Synonyms | Taxonomy |
|---|
| 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase | EC 1.1.1.157; Beta-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase; BHBD | Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 |
| Phosphate acetyltransferase | EC 2.3.1.8; Phosphotransacetylase | Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 |
| Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, short-chain specific | EC 1.3.8.1; Butyryl-CoA dehydrogenase; SCAD | Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 |
| Acetate kinase | EC 2.7.2.1; Acetokinase | Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 |
| Short-chain-enoyl-CoA hydratase | EC 4.2.1.150; 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydratase; Crotonase | Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 |
| Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase | EC 2.3.1.9; Acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase | Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 |
| Phosphate butyryltransferase | EC 2.3.1.19; Phosphotransbutyrylase | Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 |
| Butyrate kinase 1 | BK 1; BKI; EC 2.7.2.7 | Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 |
| 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase | | Clostridium beijerinckii |
| Pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase | | Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 |
| Compound | Description |
|---|
| hydronium ion | |
| n-Butyrate | |
| Thiamine Pyrophosphate | The coenzyme form of Vitamin B1 present in many animal tissues. It is a required intermediate in the PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX and the KETOGLUTARATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX. |
| NADH | |
| Ammonium | |
| Mercury | A silver metallic element that exists as a liquid at room temperature. It has the atomic symbol Hg (from hydrargyrum, liquid silver), atomic number 80, and atomic weight 200.59. Mercury is used in many industrial applications and its salts have been employed therapeutically as purgatives, antisyphilitics, disinfectants, and astringents. It can be absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes which leads to MERCURY POISONING. Because of its toxicity, the clinical use of mercury and mercurials is diminishing. |
| Manganese | A trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1992, p2035) |
| Carbon Dioxide | A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals. |
| Orthophosphate | |
| adenosine diphosphate | Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position. |
| potassium | An element in the alkali group of metals with an atomic symbol K, atomic number 19, and atomic weight 39.10. It is the chief cation in the intracellular fluid of muscle and other cells. Potassium ion is a strong electrolyte that plays a significant role in the regulation of fluid volume and maintenance of the WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE. |
| Sodium | A member of the alkali group of metals. It has the atomic symbol Na, atomic number 11, and atomic weight 23. |
| Water | A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) |
| iodoacetamide | An alkylating sulfhydryl reagent. Its actions are similar to those of iodoacetate. |
| Pyruvic Acid | An intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed) |
| adenosine monophosphate | Adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-position. |
| nad | A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-diphosphate coupled to adenosine 5'-phosphate by pyrophosphate linkage. It is found widely in nature and is involved in numerous enzymatic reactions in which it serves as an electron carrier by being alternately oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH). (Dorland, 27th ed) |
| NADP | Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) coupled by pyrophosphate linkage to the 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate. It serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH). (Dorland, 27th ed) |
| NADP | Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) coupled by pyrophosphate linkage to the 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate. It serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH). (Dorland, 27th ed) |
| acetyl phosphate | |
| adenosine triphosphate | An adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter. |
| Coenzyme A | |
| acetoacetyl CoA | |
| Acetyl Coenzyme A | Acetyl CoA participates in the biosynthesis of fatty acids and sterols, in the oxidation of fatty acids and in the metabolism of many amino acids. It also acts as a biological acetylating agent. |
| Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide | A condensation product of riboflavin and adenosine diphosphate. The coenzyme of various aerobic dehydrogenases, e.g., D-amino acid oxidase and L-amino acid oxidase. (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p972) |