Page last updated: 2024-10-06

pyruvate fermentation to butanoate

Proteins (8)

ProteinSynonymsTaxonomy
3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenaseEC 1.1.1.157; Beta-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase; BHBDClostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824
Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, short-chain specificEC 1.3.8.1; Butyryl-CoA dehydrogenase; SCADClostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824
Short-chain-enoyl-CoA hydrataseEC 4.2.1.150; 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydratase; CrotonaseClostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824
Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferaseEC 2.3.1.9; Acetoacetyl-CoA thiolaseClostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824
Phosphate butyryltransferaseEC 2.3.1.19; PhosphotransbutyrylaseClostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824
Butyrate kinase 1BK 1; BKI; EC 2.7.2.7Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824
3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase Clostridium beijerinckii
Pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductaseClostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824

Compounds (19)

CompoundDescription
hydronium ion
n-Butyrate
Thiamine PyrophosphateThe coenzyme form of Vitamin B1 present in many animal tissues. It is a required intermediate in the PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX and the KETOGLUTARATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX.
NADH
Carbon DioxideA colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals.
Orthophosphate
adenosine diphosphateAdenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position.
WaterA clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
iodoacetamideAn alkylating sulfhydryl reagent. Its actions are similar to those of iodoacetate.
Pyruvic AcidAn intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed)
adenosine monophosphateAdenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-position.
nadA coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-diphosphate coupled to adenosine 5'-phosphate by pyrophosphate linkage. It is found widely in nature and is involved in numerous enzymatic reactions in which it serves as an electron carrier by being alternately oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH). (Dorland, 27th ed)
NADPNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) coupled by pyrophosphate linkage to the 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate. It serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH). (Dorland, 27th ed)
NADPNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) coupled by pyrophosphate linkage to the 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate. It serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH). (Dorland, 27th ed)
adenosine triphosphateAn adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter.
Coenzyme A
acetoacetyl CoA
Acetyl Coenzyme AAcetyl CoA participates in the biosynthesis of fatty acids and sterols, in the oxidation of fatty acids and in the metabolism of many amino acids. It also acts as a biological acetylating agent.
Flavin-Adenine DinucleotideA condensation product of riboflavin and adenosine diphosphate. The coenzyme of various aerobic dehydrogenases, e.g., D-amino acid oxidase and L-amino acid oxidase. (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p972)