Page last updated: 2024-10-06

hyoscyamine and scopolamine biosynthesis

Proteins (4)

ProteinSynonymsTaxonomy
Tropinone reductase 1EC 1.1.1.206; Tropine dehydrogenase; Tropinone reductase I; TR-IDatura stramonium (jimsonweed)
Littorine mutase/monooxygenaseHyoscyamus niger (henbane)
Hyoscyamine 6-beta-hydroxylase Atropa belladonna (belladonna)
Hyoscyamine 6 beta-hydroxylase Anisodus acutangulus

Compounds (14)

CompoundDescription
hydronium ion
Succinate
MercuryA silver metallic element that exists as a liquid at room temperature. It has the atomic symbol Hg (from hydrargyrum, liquid silver), atomic number 80, and atomic weight 200.59. Mercury is used in many industrial applications and its salts have been employed therapeutically as purgatives, antisyphilitics, disinfectants, and astringents. It can be absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes which leads to MERCURY POISONING. Because of its toxicity, the clinical use of mercury and mercurials is diminishing.
CopperA heavy metal trace element with the atomic symbol Cu, atomic number 29, and atomic weight 63.55.
Carbon DioxideA colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals.
scopolamineAn alkaloid from SOLANACEAE, especially DATURA and SCOPOLIA. Scopolamine and its quaternary derivatives act as antimuscarinics like ATROPINE, but may have more central nervous system effects. Its many uses include an anesthetic premedication, the treatment of URINARY INCONTINENCE and MOTION SICKNESS, an antispasmodic, and a mydriatic and cycloplegic.
WaterA clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
OxygenAn element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.
NADPNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) coupled by pyrophosphate linkage to the 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate. It serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH). (Dorland, 27th ed)
NADPNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) coupled by pyrophosphate linkage to the 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate. It serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH). (Dorland, 27th ed)
alpha-Ketoglutarate
diethyl pyrocarbonatePreservative for wines, soft drinks, and fruit juices and a gentle esterifying agent.
1-methyl-delta(1)-pyrroliniumRN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source; this iminium salt is a precursor to tropane alkaloids in some biosynthetic routes
Coenzyme A