| Compound | Description |
|---|
| diphosphoric acid | |
| hydronium ion | |
| Ammonium | |
| Water | A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) |
| Oxygen | An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration. |
| avenanthramide-2C | from oats, inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and enhances nitric oxide production; structure in first source |
| avenanthramide A | |
| adenosine monophosphate | Adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-position. |
| adenosine triphosphate | An adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter. |
| cinnamic acid, radical ion(1-) | |
| s-adenosylmethionine | Physiologic methyl radical donor involved in enzymatic transmethylation reactions and present in all living organisms. It possesses anti-inflammatory activity and has been used in treatment of chronic liver disease. (From Merck, 11th ed) |
| Coenzyme A | |
| 5-O-caffeoylshikimic acid | from bracken fern, Pteridium aquilinum; structure given in first source |
| 4-coumaroyl-coenzyme a | structure given in first source |
| caffeoyl-coenzyme A | structure given in first source |