Page last updated: 2024-10-06

Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) synthesis, recycling, salvage and regulation

Proteins (10)

ProteinSynonymsTaxonomy
Sepiapterin reductaseSPR; EC 1.1.1.153Homo sapiens (human)
Heat shock protein HSP 90-alphaEC 3.6.4.10; Heat shock 86 kDa; HSP 86; HSP86; Lipopolysaccharide-associated protein 2; LAP-2; LPS-associated protein 2; Renal carcinoma antigen NY-REN-38Homo sapiens (human)
RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinaseEC 2.7.11.1; Protein kinase B; PKB; Protein kinase B alpha; PKB alpha; Proto-oncogene c-Akt; RAC-PK-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
6-pyruvoyl tetrahydrobiopterin synthasePTP synthase; PTPS; EC 4.2.3.12Homo sapiens (human)
Dihydrofolate reductaseEC 1.5.1.3Homo sapiens (human)
cGMP-dependent protein kinase 2cGK 2; cGK2; EC 2.7.11.12; cGMP-dependent protein kinase II; cGKIIHomo sapiens (human)
Calmodulin-1Homo sapiens (human)
Nitric oxide synthase, endothelialEC 1.14.13.39; Constitutive NOS; cNOS; EC-NOS; Endothelial NOS; eNOS; NOS type III; NOSIIIHomo sapiens (human)
GTP cyclohydrolase 1EC 3.5.4.16; GTP cyclohydrolase I; GTP-CH-IHomo sapiens (human)
GTP cyclohydrolase 1 feedback regulatory proteinGFRP; GTP cyclohydrolase I feedback regulatory protein; p35Homo sapiens (human)

Compounds (19)

CompoundDescription
hydronium ion
CalciumA basic element found in nearly all tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.
ironA metallic element with atomic symbol Fe, atomic number 26, and atomic weight 55.85. It is an essential constituent of HEMOGLOBINS; CYTOCHROMES; and IRON-BINDING PROTEINS. It plays a role in cellular redox reactions and in the transport of OXYGEN.
IronA metallic element with atomic symbol Fe, atomic number 26, and atomic weight 55.85. It is an essential constituent of HEMOGLOBINS; CYTOCHROMES; and IRON-BINDING PROTEINS. It plays a role in cellular redox reactions and in the transport of OXYGEN.
ZincA metallic element of atomic number 30 and atomic weight 65.38. It is a necessary trace element in the diet, forming an essential part of many enzymes, and playing an important role in protein synthesis and in cell division. Zinc deficiency is associated with ANEMIA, short stature, HYPOGONADISM, impaired WOUND HEALING, and geophagia. It is known by the symbol Zn.
Flavin MononucleotideA coenzyme for a number of oxidative enzymes including NADH DEHYDROGENASE. It is the principal form in which RIBOFLAVIN is found in cells and tissues.
adenosine diphosphateAdenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position.
WaterA clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Guanosine MonophosphateA guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety and found widely in nature.
dyspropterinintermediate in biosynthetic pathway of tetrahydrobiopterin; structure given in first source
sapropterinRN given refers to parent cpd; co-factor required for catalytic activity of nitric oxide synthases
sapropterinRN given refers to parent cpd; co-factor required for catalytic activity of nitric oxide synthases
NADPNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) coupled by pyrophosphate linkage to the 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate. It serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH). (Dorland, 27th ed)
NADPNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) coupled by pyrophosphate linkage to the 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate. It serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH). (Dorland, 27th ed)
formate
adenosine triphosphateAn adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter.
Peroxynitrite
Flavin-Adenine DinucleotideA condensation product of riboflavin and adenosine diphosphate. The coenzyme of various aerobic dehydrogenases, e.g., D-amino acid oxidase and L-amino acid oxidase. (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p972)
hemeThe color-furnishing portion of hemoglobin. It is found free in tissues and as the prosthetic group in many hemeproteins.