Pathways > Serotonin and melatonin biosynthesis
Page last updated: 2024-10-06
Serotonin and melatonin biosynthesis
Proteins (3)
| Protein | Synonyms | Taxonomy |
|---|
| Serotonin N-acetyltransferase | Serotonin acetylase; EC 2.3.1.87; Aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase; AA-NAT | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase | AADC; EC 4.1.1.28; DOPA decarboxylase; DDC | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase | EC 2.1.1.4; Hydroxyindole O-methyltransferase; HIOMT | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (12)
| Compound | Description |
|---|
| hydronium ion | |
| iron | A metallic element with atomic symbol Fe, atomic number 26, and atomic weight 55.85. It is an essential constituent of HEMOGLOBINS; CYTOCHROMES; and IRON-BINDING PROTEINS. It plays a role in cellular redox reactions and in the transport of OXYGEN. |
| Carbon Dioxide | A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals. |
| melatonin | A biogenic amine that is found in animals and plants. In mammals, melatonin is produced by the PINEAL GLAND. Its secretion increases in darkness and decreases during exposure to light. Melatonin is implicated in the regulation of SLEEP, mood, and REPRODUCTION. Melatonin is also an effective antioxidant. |
| Oxygen | An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration. |
| sapropterin | RN given refers to parent cpd; co-factor required for catalytic activity of nitric oxide synthases |
| 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin | structure given in first source |
| Serotonin | A biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid L-TRYPTOPHAN. In humans it is found primarily in the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and blood platelets. Serotonin mediates several important physiological functions including neurotransmission, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and cardiovascular integrity. Multiple receptor families (RECEPTORS, SEROTONIN) explain the broad physiological actions and distribution of this biochemical mediator. |
| s-adenosylmethionine | Physiologic methyl radical donor involved in enzymatic transmethylation reactions and present in all living organisms. It possesses anti-inflammatory activity and has been used in treatment of chronic liver disease. (From Merck, 11th ed) |
| Coenzyme A | |
| Acetyl Coenzyme A | Acetyl CoA participates in the biosynthesis of fatty acids and sterols, in the oxidation of fatty acids and in the metabolism of many amino acids. It also acts as a biological acetylating agent. |
| n-acetylserotonin | |