Page last updated: 2024-10-06

SLC-mediated transmembrane transport

Proteins (132)

ProteinSynonymsTaxonomy
Acetyl-coenzyme A transporter 1AT-1; Acetyl-CoA transporter 1; Solute carrier family 33 member 1Homo sapiens (human)
Basigin5F7; Collagenase stimulatory factor; Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer; EMMPRIN; Hepatoma-associated antigen; HAb18G; Leukocyte activation antigen M6; OK blood group antigen; Tumor cell-derived collagenase stimulatory factor; TCSFHomo sapiens (human)
Solute carrier family 12 member 3Na-Cl cotransporter; NCC; Na-Cl symporter; Thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride cotransporterHomo sapiens (human)
Runt-related transcription factor 1Acute myeloid leukemia 1 protein; Core-binding factor subunit alpha-2; CBF-alpha-2; Oncogene AML-1; Polyomavirus enhancer-binding protein 2 alpha B subunit; PEA2-alpha B; PEBP2-alpha B; SL3-3 enhancer factor 1 alpha B subunit; SL3/AKV core-binding factor Homo sapiens (human)
Neutral amino acid transporter B(0)ATB(0); Baboon M7 virus receptor; RD114/simian type D retrovirus receptor; Sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter type 2; Solute carrier family 1 member 5Homo sapiens (human)
Solute carrier family 13 member 5Na(+)/citrate cotransporter; NaCT; Sodium-coupled citrate transporter; Sodium-dependent citrate transporterHomo sapiens (human)
Solute carrier family 13 member 3Na(+)/dicarboxylate cotransporter 3; NaDC-3; hNaDC3; Sodium-dependent high-affinity dicarboxylate transporter 2Homo sapiens (human)
Cationic amino acid transporter 3CAT-3; CAT3; Cationic amino acid transporter y+; Solute carrier family 7 member 3Homo sapiens (human)
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1 Organic anion transporter B; OATP-B; Organic anion transporter polypeptide-related protein 2; OATP-RP2; OATPRP2; Solute carrier family 21 member 9Homo sapiens (human)
Solute carrier family 22 member 4Ergothioneine transporter; ET transporter; Organic cation/carnitine transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1Liver-specific organic anion transporter 1; LST-1; OATP-C; Sodium-independent organic anion-transporting polypeptide 2; OATP-2; Solute carrier family 21 member 6Homo sapiens (human)
CystinosinHomo sapiens (human)
Large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 2L-type amino acid transporter 2; hLAT2; Solute carrier family 7 member 8Homo sapiens (human)
Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 14Glucose transporter type 14; GLUT-14Homo sapiens (human)
Sodium/nucleoside cotransporter 1Concentrative nucleoside transporter 1; CNT 1; hCNT1; Na(+)/nucleoside cotransporter 1; Sodium-coupled nucleoside transporter 1; Solute carrier family 28 member 1Homo sapiens (human)
Sodium- and chloride-dependent taurine transporterSolute carrier family 6 member 6Homo sapiens (human)
Sodium/myo-inositol cotransporter 2Na(+)/myo-inositol cotransporter 2; Sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter; Sodium/glucose cotransporter KST1; Sodium/myo-inositol transporter 2; SMIT2; Solute carrier family 5 member 11Homo sapiens (human)
Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Glucose transporter type 1, erythrocyte/brain; GLUT-1; HepG2 glucose transporterHomo sapiens (human)
Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 2Glucose transporter type 2, liver; GLUT-2Homo sapiens (human)
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Norepinephrine transporter; NET; Solute carrier family 6 member 2Homo sapiens (human)
Sodium/glucose cotransporter 2Na(+)/glucose cotransporter 2; Low affinity sodium-glucose cotransporter; Solute carrier family 5 member 2Homo sapiens (human)
Sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporterBGT-1; Na(+)/Cl(-) betaine/GABA transporter; Solute carrier family 6 member 12Homo sapiens (human)
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter DA transporter; DAT; Solute carrier family 6 member 3Homo sapiens (human)
Cystine/glutamate transporterAmino acid transport system xc-; Calcium channel blocker resistance protein CCBR1; Solute carrier family 7 member 11; xCTHomo sapiens (human)
PendrinSodium-independent chloride/iodide transporter; Solute carrier family 26 member 4Homo sapiens (human)
ADP/ATP translocase 2ADP,ATP carrier protein 2; ADP,ATP carrier protein, fibroblast isoform; Adenine nucleotide translocator 2; ANT 2; Solute carrier family 25 member 5Homo sapiens (human)
ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 2Homo sapiens (human)
Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 4hENT4; Plasma membrane monoamine transporter; Solute carrier family 29 member 4Homo sapiens (human)
Neutral amino acid transporter AAlanine/serine/cysteine/threonine transporter 1; ASCT-1; SATT; Solute carrier family 1 member 4Homo sapiens (human)
Sodium/myo-inositol cotransporterNa(+)/myo-inositol cotransporter; Sodium/myo-inositol transporter 1; SMIT1; Solute carrier family 5 member 3Homo sapiens (human)
Sodium/nucleoside cotransporter 2Concentrative nucleoside transporter 2; CNT 2; hCNT2; Na(+)/nucleoside cotransporter 2; Sodium-coupled nucleoside transporter 2; Sodium/purine nucleoside co-transporter; SPNT; Solute carrier family 28 member 2Homo sapiens (human)
Monocarboxylate transporter 1MCT 1; Solute carrier family 16 member 1Homo sapiens (human)
Large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 14F2 light chain; 4F2 LC; 4F2LC; CD98 light chain; Integral membrane protein E16; E16; L-type amino acid transporter 1; hLAT1; Solute carrier family 7 member 5; y+ system cationic amino acid transporterHomo sapiens (human)
Solute carrier family 22 member 12Organic anion transporter 4-like protein; Renal-specific transporter; RST; Urate anion exchanger 1Homo sapiens (human)
High affinity choline transporter 1Hemicholinium-3-sensitive choline transporter; CHT; Solute carrier family 5 member 7Homo sapiens (human)
Natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 2NRAMP 2; Divalent cation transporter 1; Divalent metal transporter 1; DMT-1; Solute carrier family 11 member 2Homo sapiens (human)
Monocarboxylate transporter 2MCT 2; Solute carrier family 16 member 7Homo sapiens (human)
Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 3Glucose transporter type 3, brain; GLUT-3Homo sapiens (human)
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4C1OATP-H; Organic anion transporter M1; OATP-M1; Solute carrier family 21 member 20Homo sapiens (human)
Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 9Glucose transporter type 9; GLUT-9; Urate transporterHomo sapiens (human)
SialinH(+)/nitrate cotransporter; H(+)/sialic acid cotransporter; AST; Membrane glycoprotein HP59; Solute carrier family 17 member 5; Vesicular H(+)/Aspartate-glutamate cotransporterHomo sapiens (human)
Sodium- and chloride-dependent neutral and basic amino acid transporter B(0+)Amino acid transporter ATB0+; Solute carrier family 6 member 14Homo sapiens (human)
Monocarboxylate transporter 4MCT 4; Solute carrier family 16 member 3Homo sapiens (human)
Solute carrier family 22 member 3Extraneuronal monoamine transporter; EMT; Organic cation transporter 3Homo sapiens (human)
Calmodulin-1Homo sapiens (human)
Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 4Glucose transporter type 4, insulin-responsive; GLUT-4Homo sapiens (human)
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2OATP-A; Organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1; OATP-1; Sodium-independent organic anion transporter; Solute carrier family 21 member 3Homo sapiens (human)
Natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1NRAMP 1; Solute carrier family 11 member 1Homo sapiens (human)
Proton-coupled amino acid transporter 1Proton/amino acid transporter 1; hPAT1; Solute carrier family 36 member 1Homo sapiens (human)
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1Prostaglandin transporter; PGT; Solute carrier family 21 member 2Homo sapiens (human)
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3Liver-specific organic anion transporter 2; LST-2; Organic anion transporter 8; Organic anion-transporting polypeptide 8; OATP-8; Solute carrier family 21 member 8Homo sapiens (human)
Fibroblast growth factor 21FGF-21Homo sapiens (human)
High affinity cationic amino acid transporter 1CAT-1; CAT1; Ecotropic retroviral leukemia receptor homolog; Ecotropic retrovirus receptor homolog; Solute carrier family 7 member 1; System Y+ basic amino acid transporterHomo sapiens (human)
Zinc transporter 8ZnT-8; Solute carrier family 30 member 8Homo sapiens (human)
Sodium-dependent proline transporterSolute carrier family 6 member 7Homo sapiens (human)
Sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter B(0)AT2Sodium- and chloride-dependent neurotransmitter transporter NTT73; Sodium-coupled branched-chain amino-acid transporter 1; Solute carrier family 6 member 15; Transporter v7-3Homo sapiens (human)
Solute carrier family 40 member 1Ferroportin-1; Iron-regulated transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
Large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 3L-type amino acid transporter 3; Prostate cancer overexpressed gene 1 protein; Solute carrier family 43 member 1Homo sapiens (human)
ADP/ATP translocase 3ADP,ATP carrier protein 3; ADP,ATP carrier protein, isoform T2; ANT 2; Adenine nucleotide translocator 3; ANT 3; Solute carrier family 25 member 6Homo sapiens (human)
Solute carrier family 13 member 2Na(+)/dicarboxylate cotransporter 1; NaDC-1; Renal sodium/dicarboxylate cotransporterHomo sapiens (human)
Sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 1Na(+)/PI cotransporter 1; Na/Pi-4; Renal Na(+)-dependent phosphate cotransporter 1; Renal sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 1; Renal sodium-phosphate transport protein 1; Sodium/phosphate cotransporter 1; Solute carrier family 17 member 1Homo sapiens (human)
Mitochondrial sodium/calcium exchanger proteinNa(+)/K(+)/Ca(2+)-exchange protein 6; Sodium/calcium exchanger protein, mitochondrial; Sodium/potassium/calcium exchanger 6; Solute carrier family 24 member 6; Solute carrier family 8 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
High affinity copper uptake protein 1Copper transporter 1; hCTR1; Solute carrier family 31 member 1Homo sapiens (human)
Sodium-coupled monocarboxylate transporter 2Electroneutral sodium monocarboxylate cotransporter; Low-affinity sodium-lactate cotransporter; Solute carrier family 5 member 12Homo sapiens (human)
Monocarboxylate transporter 3MCT 3; Solute carrier family 16 member 8Homo sapiens (human)
Solute carrier family 28 member 3Concentrative Na(+)-nucleoside cotransporter 3; CNT 3; hCNT3Homo sapiens (human)
Sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 2CSodium-phosphate transport protein 2C; Na(+)-dependent phosphate cotransporter 2C; Sodium/inorganic phosphate cotransporter IIC; Sodium/phosphate cotransporter 2C; Na(+)/Pi cotransporter 2C; NaPi-2c; Solute carrier family 34 member 3Homo sapiens (human)
Solute carrier family 45 member 3Prostate cancer-associated protein 6; ProsteinHomo sapiens (human)
Vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporterGABA and glycine transporter; Solute carrier family 32 member 1; Vesicular GABA transporter; hVIAATHomo sapiens (human)
Zinc transporter SLC39A7Histidine-rich membrane protein Ke4; Really interesting new gene 5 protein; Solute carrier family 39 member 7; Zrt-, Irt-like protein 7; ZIP7Homo sapiens (human)
Sodium/iodide cotransporterNa(+)/I(-) cotransporter; Sodium-iodide symporter; Na(+)/I(-) symporter; Solute carrier family 5 member 5Homo sapiens (human)
UDP-galactose translocatorSolute carrier family 35 member A2; UDP-galactose transporter; UDP-Gal-Tr; UGTHomo sapiens (human)
UDP-N-acetylglucosamine transporterGolgi UDP-GlcNAc transporter; Solute carrier family 35 member A3Homo sapiens (human)
CeruloplasminEC 1.16.3.1; FerroxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
ADP/ATP translocase 1ADP,ATP carrier protein 1; ADP,ATP carrier protein, heart/skeletal muscle isoform T1; Adenine nucleotide translocator 1; ANT 1; Solute carrier family 25 member 4Homo sapiens (human)
Zinc transporter ZIP5Solute carrier family 39 member 5; Zrt- and Irt-like protein 5; ZIP-5Homo sapiens (human)
Regulatory solute carrier protein family 1 member 1Transporter regulator RS1; hRS1Homo sapiens (human)
Large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 4L-type amino acid transporter 4; Solute carrier family 43 member 2Homo sapiens (human)
Ammonium transporter Rh type BRhesus blood group family type B glycoprotein; Rh family type B glycoprotein; Rh type B glycoproteinHomo sapiens (human)
Asc-type amino acid transporter 1Asc-1; Solute carrier family 7 member 10Homo sapiens (human)
Sodium/glucose cotransporter 5Na(+)/glucose cotransporter 5; Solute carrier family 5 member 10Homo sapiens (human)
4F2 cell-surface antigen heavy chain4F2hc; 4F2 heavy chain antigen; Lymphocyte activation antigen 4F2 large subunit; Solute carrier family 3 member 2Homo sapiens (human)
Sorcin22 kDa protein; CP-22; CP22; V19Homo sapiens (human)
CMP-sialic acid transporterCMP-SA-Tr; CMP-Sia-Tr; Solute carrier family 35 member A1Homo sapiens (human)
b(0,+)-type amino acid transporter 1b(0,+)AT1; Glycoprotein-associated amino acid transporter b0,+AT1; Solute carrier family 7 member 9Homo sapiens (human)
Ammonium transporter Rh type AErythrocyte membrane glycoprotein Rh50; Erythrocyte plasma membrane 50 kDa glycoprotein; Rh50A; Rhesus blood group family type A glycoprotein; Rh family type A glycoprotein; Rh type A glycoprotein; Rhesus blood group-associated ammonia channel; Rhesus bloHomo sapiens (human)
Neutral and basic amino acid transport protein rBATNBAT; D2h; Solute carrier family 3 member 1; b(0,+)-type amino acid transport proteinHomo sapiens (human)
Sodium/glucose cotransporter 4Na(+)/glucose cotransporter 4; hSGLT4; Solute carrier family 5 member 9Homo sapiens (human)
Solute carrier family 10 member 6Sodium-dependent organic anion transporterHomo sapiens (human)
Proton-coupled amino acid transporter 2Proton/amino acid transporter 2; Solute carrier family 36 member 2; Tramdorin-1Homo sapiens (human)
PDZ domain-containing protein 11ATPase-interacting PDZ protein; Plasma membrane calcium ATPase-interacting single-PDZ protein; PMCA-interacting single-PDZ proteinHomo sapiens (human)
Sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter B(0)AT1Solute carrier family 6 member 19; System B(0) neutral amino acid transporter AT1Homo sapiens (human)
EmbiginHomo sapiens (human)
Zinc transporter 10ZnT-10; Manganese transporter SLC30A10; Solute carrier family 30 member 10Homo sapiens (human)
Proton-coupled amino acid transporter 4Proton/amino acid transporter 4; Solute carrier family 36 member 4Homo sapiens (human)
S-adenosylmethionine mitochondrial carrier proteinMitochondrial S-adenosylmethionine transporter; Solute carrier family 25 member 26Homo sapiens (human)
Sodium/potassium/calcium exchanger 5Na(+)/K(+)/Ca(2+)-exchange protein 5; Solute carrier family 24 member 5Homo sapiens (human)
UDP-N-acetylglucosamine/UDP-glucose/GDP-mannose transporterHomolog of Fringe connection protein 1; HFRC1; SQV7-like protein; SQV7L; Solute carrier family 35 member D2; UDP-galactose transporter-related protein 8; UGTrel8Homo sapiens (human)
Sodium-independent sulfate anion transporterSolute carrier family 26 member 11Homo sapiens (human)
Sodium/hydrogen exchanger 9Na(+)/H(+) exchanger 9; NHE-9; Solute carrier family 9 member 9Homo sapiens (human)
Sodium-coupled monocarboxylate transporter 1Apical iodide transporter; Electrogenic sodium monocarboxylate cotransporter; Sodium iodide-related cotransporter; Solute carrier family 5 member 8Homo sapiens (human)
Mitochondrial basic amino acids transporterCarnitine/acylcarnitine translocase-like; CACT-like; Mitochondrial carnitine/acylcarnitine carrier protein CACL; Mitochondrial ornithine transporter 3; Solute carrier family 25 member 29Homo sapiens (human)
Zinc transporter 5ZnT-5; Solute carrier family 30 member 5; ZnT-like transporter 1; hZTL1Homo sapiens (human)
Monocarboxylate transporter 10MCT 10; Aromatic amino acid transporter 1; Solute carrier family 16 member 10; T-type amino acid transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
Sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 5Solute carrier family 38 member 5; System N transporter 2Homo sapiens (human)
Y+L amino acid transporter 2Cationic amino acid transporter, y+ system; Solute carrier family 7 member 6; y(+)L-type amino acid transporter 2; Y+LAT2; y+LAT-2Homo sapiens (human)
Sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 4Amino acid transporter A3; Na(+)-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 4; Solute carrier family 38 member 4; System A amino acid transporter 3; System N amino acid transporter 3Homo sapiens (human)
UDP-xylose and UDP-N-acetylglucosamine transporterSolute carrier family 35 member B4; YEA4 homologHomo sapiens (human)
GDP-fucose transporter 1Solute carrier family 35 member C1Homo sapiens (human)
Solute carrier family 22 member 18Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome chromosomal region 1 candidate gene A protein; Efflux transporter-like protein; Imprinted multi-membrane-spanning polyspecific transporter-related protein 1; Organic cation transporter-like protein 2; ORCTL-2; Solute carrier faHomo sapiens (human)
Adenosylhomocysteinase 3AdoHcyase 3; EC 3.3.1.1; IP(3)Rs binding protein released with IP(3) 2; IRBIT2; Long-IRBIT; S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase 3; S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase-like protein 2Homo sapiens (human)
Inactive sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter B(0)AT3Sodium- and chloride-dependent transporter XTRP2; Solute carrier family 6 member 18; System B(0) neutral amino acid transporter AT3Homo sapiens (human)
Sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 2Amino acid transporter A2; Protein 40-9-1; Solute carrier family 38 member 2; System A amino acid transporter 2; System A transporter 1; System N amino acid transporter 2Homo sapiens (human)
Proton myo-inositol cotransporterH(+)-myo-inositol cotransporter; Hmit; H(+)-myo-inositol symporter; Solute carrier family 2 member 13Homo sapiens (human)
Sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 3N-system amino acid transporter 1; Na(+)-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 3; Solute carrier family 38 member 3; System N amino acid transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
HephaestinEC 1.-.-.-Homo sapiens (human)
Zinc transporter 2ZnT-2; Solute carrier family 30 member 2Homo sapiens (human)
Sugar transporter SWEET1HsSWEET1; RAG1-activating protein 1; Solute carrier family 50 member 1; Stromal cell proteinHomo sapiens (human)
Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 3hENT3; Solute carrier family 29 member 3Homo sapiens (human)
Solute carrier family 13 member 1Renal sodium/sulfate cotransporter; Na(+)/sulfate cotransporter; hNaSi-1Homo sapiens (human)
Sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 1Amino acid transporter A1; N-system amino acid transporter 2; Solute carrier family 38 member 1; System A amino acid transporter 1; System N amino acid transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
Sodium- and chloride-dependent transporter XTRP3Sodium/imino-acid transporter 1; Solute carrier family 6 member 20; Transporter rB21A homologHomo sapiens (human)
UDP-glucuronic acid/UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine transporterUDP-GlcA/UDP-GalNAc transporter; Solute carrier family 35 member D1; UDP-galactose transporter-related protein 7; UGTrel7Homo sapiens (human)
Ammonium transporter Rh type CRh glycoprotein kidney; Rhesus blood group family type C glycoprotein; Rh family type C glycoprotein; Rh type C glycoprotein; Tumor-related protein DRC2Homo sapiens (human)
Mitochondrial dicarboxylate carrierSolute carrier family 25 member 10Homo sapiens (human)
Solute carrier family 13 member 4Na(+)/sulfate cotransporter SUT-1; NaS2Homo sapiens (human)
Zinc transporter ZIP10Solute carrier family 39 member 10; Zrt- and Irt-like protein 10; ZIP-10Homo sapiens (human)
Y+L amino acid transporter 1Monocyte amino acid permease 2; MOP-2; Solute carrier family 7 member 7; y(+)L-type amino acid transporter 1; Y+LAT1; y+LAT-1Homo sapiens (human)
Sodium-dependent multivitamin transporterNa(+)-dependent multivitamin transporter; Solute carrier family 5 member 6Homo sapiens (human)
ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 2-binding proteinARF-like 2-binding protein; ARL2-binding protein; Binder of ARF2 protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
Zinc transporter 1ZnT-1; Solute carrier family 30 member 1Homo sapiens (human)
Electrogenic sodium bicarbonate cotransporter 1Sodium bicarbonate cotransporter; Na(+)/HCO3(-) cotransporter; Solute carrier family 4 member 4; kNBC1Homo sapiens (human)

Compounds (46)

CompoundDescription
hydronium ion
l-lactic acid
ureaA compound formed in the liver from ammonia produced by the deamination of amino acids. It is the principal end product of protein catabolism and constitutes about one half of the total urinary solids.
ArginineAn essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form.
Succinate
Ammonium
CopperA heavy metal trace element with the atomic symbol Cu, atomic number 29, and atomic weight 63.55.
CopperA heavy metal trace element with the atomic symbol Cu, atomic number 29, and atomic weight 63.55.
CalciumA basic element found in nearly all tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.
digoxinA cardiotonic glycoside obtained mainly from Digitalis lanata; it consists of three sugars and the aglycone DIGOXIGENIN. Digoxin has positive inotropic and negative chronotropic activity. It is used to control ventricular rate in ATRIAL FIBRILLATION and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation. Its use in congestive heart failure and sinus rhythm is less certain. The margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p666)
ironA metallic element with atomic symbol Fe, atomic number 26, and atomic weight 55.85. It is an essential constituent of HEMOGLOBINS; CYTOCHROMES; and IRON-BINDING PROTEINS. It plays a role in cellular redox reactions and in the transport of OXYGEN.
ManganeseA trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1992, p2035)
LithiumAn element in the alkali metals family. It has the atomic symbol Li, atomic number 3, and atomic weight [6.938; 6.997]. Salts of lithium are used in treating BIPOLAR DISORDER.
iodineA nonmetallic element of the halogen group that is represented by the atomic symbol I, atomic number 53, and atomic weight of 126.90. It is a nutritionally essential element, especially important in thyroid hormone synthesis. In solution, it has anti-infective properties and is used topically.
cholineA basic constituent of lecithin that is found in many plants and animal organs. It is important as a precursor of acetylcholine, as a methyl donor in various metabolic processes, and in lipid metabolism.
citric acid, anhydrous
chlorineAn element with atomic symbol Cl, atomic number 17, and atomic weight 35, and member of the halogen family.
ZincA metallic element of atomic number 30 and atomic weight 65.38. It is a necessary trace element in the diet, forming an essential part of many enzymes, and playing an important role in protein synthesis and in cell division. Zinc deficiency is associated with ANEMIA, short stature, HYPOGONADISM, impaired WOUND HEALING, and geophagia. It is known by the symbol Zn.
Orthophosphate
Dopamine Hydrochloride
cystineA covalently linked dimeric nonessential amino acid formed by the oxidation of CYSTEINE. Two molecules of cysteine are joined together by a disulfide bridge to form cystine.
adenosine diphosphateAdenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position.
hydrogen carbonate
potassiumAn element in the alkali group of metals with an atomic symbol K, atomic number 19, and atomic weight 39.10. It is the chief cation in the intracellular fluid of muscle and other cells. Potassium ion is a strong electrolyte that plays a significant role in the regulation of fluid volume and maintenance of the WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE.
MagnesiumA metallic element that has the atomic symbol Mg, atomic number 12, and atomic weight 24.31. It is important for the activity of many enzymes, especially those involved in OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION.
inositolAn isomer of glucose that has traditionally been considered to be a B vitamin although it has an uncertain status as a vitamin and a deficiency syndrome has not been identified in man. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1379) Inositol phospholipids are important in signal transduction.
SodiumA member of the alkali group of metals. It has the atomic symbol Na, atomic number 11, and atomic weight 23.
Guanosine MonophosphateA guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety and found widely in nature.
Guanosine MonophosphateA guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety and found widely in nature.
cytarabineA pyrimidine nucleoside analog that is used mainly in the treatment of leukemia, especially acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia. Cytarabine is an antimetabolite antineoplastic agent that inhibits the synthesis of DNA. Its actions are specific for the S phase of the cell cycle. It also has antiviral and immunosuppressant properties. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p472)
uric acidAn oxidation product, via XANTHINE OXIDASE, of oxypurines such as XANTHINE and HYPOXANTHINE. It is the final oxidation product of purine catabolism in humans and primates, whereas in most other mammals URATE OXIDASE further oxidizes it to ALLANTOIN.
alpha-Ketoglutarate
carnitineA constituent of STRIATED MUSCLE and LIVER. It is an amino acid derivative and an essential cofactor for fatty acid metabolism.
SerotoninA biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid L-TRYPTOPHAN. In humans it is found primarily in the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and blood platelets. Serotonin mediates several important physiological functions including neurotransmission, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and cardiovascular integrity. Multiple receptor families (RECEPTORS, SEROTONIN) explain the broad physiological actions and distribution of this biochemical mediator.
taurolithocholic acid 3-sulfate
ergothioneineA naturally occurring metabolite of HISTIDINE that has antioxidant properties.
glutamate
adenosine triphosphateAn adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter.
CysteineA thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.
polyglutamineRN given for (D)-isomer
Cytidine MonophosphateCytidine (dihydrogen phosphate). A cytosine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2', 3' or 5' position.
Uridine Monophosphate5'-Uridylic acid. A uracil nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2', 3' or 5' position.
s-adenosylmethioninePhysiologic methyl radical donor involved in enzymatic transmethylation reactions and present in all living organisms. It possesses anti-inflammatory activity and has been used in treatment of chronic liver disease. (From Merck, 11th ed)
s-adenosylhomocysteine5'-S-(3-Amino-3-carboxypropyl)-5'-thioadenosine. Formed from S-adenosylmethionine after transmethylation reactions.
Acetyl Coenzyme AAcetyl CoA participates in the biosynthesis of fatty acids and sterols, in the oxidation of fatty acids and in the metabolism of many amino acids. It also acts as a biological acetylating agent.
glucoseA primary source of energy for living organisms. It is naturally occurring and is found in fruits and other parts of plants in its free state. It is used therapeutically in fluid and nutrient replacement.