| Compound | Description |
|---|
| Glutathione | A tripeptide with many roles in cells. It conjugates to drugs to make them more soluble for excretion, is a cofactor for some enzymes, is involved in protein disulfide bond rearrangement and reduces peroxides. |
| uridine diphosphate | A uracil nucleotide containing a pyrophosphate group esterified to C5 of the sugar moiety. |
| theophylline | A methyl xanthine derivative from tea with diuretic, smooth muscle relaxant, bronchial dilation, cardiac and central nervous system stimulant activities. Theophylline inhibits the 3',5'-CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHODIESTERASE that degrades CYCLIC AMP thus potentiates the actions of agents that act through ADENYLYL CYCLASES and cyclic AMP. |
| regadenoson | |
| af-219 | |
| caffeine | A methylxanthine naturally occurring in some beverages and also used as a pharmacological agent. Caffeine's most notable pharmacological effect is as a central nervous system stimulant, increasing alertness and producing agitation. It also relaxes SMOOTH MUSCLE, stimulates CARDIAC MUSCLE, stimulates DIURESIS, and appears to be useful in the treatment of some types of headache. Several cellular actions of caffeine have been observed, but it is not entirely clear how each contributes to its pharmacological profile. Among the most important are inhibition of cyclic nucleotide PHOSPHODIESTERASES, antagonism of ADENOSINE RECEPTORS, and modulation of intracellular calcium handling. |
| Copper | A heavy metal trace element with the atomic symbol Cu, atomic number 29, and atomic weight 63.55. |
| Calcium | A basic element found in nearly all tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes. |
| Zinc | A metallic element of atomic number 30 and atomic weight 65.38. It is a necessary trace element in the diet, forming an essential part of many enzymes, and playing an important role in protein synthesis and in cell division. Zinc deficiency is associated with ANEMIA, short stature, HYPOGONADISM, impaired WOUND HEALING, and geophagia. It is known by the symbol Zn. |
| istradefylline | |
| suramin | A polyanionic compound with an unknown mechanism of action. It is used parenterally in the treatment of African trypanosomiasis and it has been used clinically with diethylcarbamazine to kill the adult Onchocerca. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1643) It has also been shown to have potent antineoplastic properties. |
| Adenosine Triphosphate | An adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter. |
| adenosine monophosphate | Adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-position. |
| adenosine | A nucleoside that is composed of ADENINE and D-RIBOSE. Adenosine or adenosine derivatives play many important biological roles in addition to being components of DNA and RNA. Adenosine itself is a neurotransmitter. |
| uridine triphosphate | Uridine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A uracil nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. |
| meglumine | 1-Deoxy-1-(methylamino)-D-glucitol. A derivative of sorbitol in which the hydroxyl group in position 1 is replaced by a methylamino group. Often used in conjunction with iodinated organic compounds as contrast medium. |
| Magnesium | A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Mg, atomic number 12, and atomic weight 24.31. It is important for the activity of many enzymes, especially those involved in OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION. |
| atl 146e | |
| mrs 3558 | |
| cvt-6883 | |
| n(6)-cyclopentyladenosine | |
| mre 3008-f20 | InChIKey: CJRNHKSLHHWUAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| mrs 1523 | |
| MRS 1706 | |
| 2-chloro-n(6)cyclopentyladenosine | highly selective agonist at A1 adenosine receptors |
| sch 442416 | an adenosine A2A receptor ligand |
| bay 60-6583 | structure in first source |
| n(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)-5'-n-methylcarboxamidoadenosine | structure given in first source; a selective A(3) adenosine receptor agonist |
| 1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine | |
| zm 241385 | a high affinity radioligand selective for the A2a adenosine receptor |
| sch 58261 | |
| 2-(4-(2-carboxyethyl)phenethylamino)-5'-n-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine | A2 adenosine receptor agonist; structure given in first source |
| psb 1115 | |
| mrs 1754 | |
| n-((1s,trans)-2-hydroxycyclopentyl)adenosine | structure given in first source; an adenosine A1 receptor agonist |
| 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dimethylxanthine | prolongs epileptic seizures in rats |
| mrs 1191 | a selective A3 adenosine receptor antagonist; structure given in first source |
| mrs 1220 | |
| Cyclic AMP | An adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to both the 3'- and 5'-positions of the sugar moiety. It is a second messenger and a key intracellular regulator, functioning as a mediator of activity for a number of hormones, including epinephrine, glucagon, and ACTH. |
| uridine diphosphate glucose | A key intermediate in carbohydrate metabolism. Serves as a precursor of glycogen, can be metabolized into UDPgalactose and UDPglucuronic acid which can then be incorporated into polysaccharides as galactose and glucuronic acid. Also serves as a precursor of sucrose lipopolysaccharides, and glycosphingolipids. |