| succinic acid | A water-soluble, colorless crystal with an acid taste that is used as a chemical intermediate, in medicine, the manufacture of lacquers, and to make perfume esters. It is also used in foods as a sequestrant, buffer, and a neutralizing agent. (Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed, p1099; McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1851) |
| Carbon Dioxide | A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals. |
| citric acid, anhydrous | |
| fumaric acid | see also record for ferrous fumarate; use FUMARATES for general fumaric acid esters |
| malic acid | |
| Adenosine Triphosphate | An adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter. |
| sucrose | A nonreducing disaccharide composed of GLUCOSE and FRUCTOSE linked via their anomeric carbons. It is obtained commercially from SUGARCANE, sugar beet (BETA VULGARIS), and other plants and used extensively as a food and a sweetener. |
| adenosine diphosphate | Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position. |
| phosphoenolpyruvate | A monocarboxylic acid anion derived from selective deprotonation of the carboxy group of phosphoenolpyruvic acid. It is a metabolic intermediate in GLYCOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS; and other pathways. |
| fructose-1,6-diphosphate | RN refers to (D)-isomer |
| Pyruvic Acid | An intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed) |
| isocitric acid | RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd |
| erythrose 4-phosphate | RN given refers to (R-(R*,R*))-isomer |
| xylulose-5-phosphate, (d)-isomer | |
| glycerate 1,3-biphosphate | |
| alpha-ketoglutaric acid | |
| fructose-1,6-diphosphate | RN refers to (D)-isomer |
| 2-phosphoglycerate | RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation |
| dihydroxyacetone phosphate | An important intermediate in lipid biosynthesis and in glycolysis. |
| 3-phosphoglycerate | |
| Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate | An aldotriose which is an important intermediate in glycolysis and in tryptophan biosynthesis. |
| carbonic acid | Carbonic acid (H2C03). The hypothetical acid of carbon dioxide and water. It exists only in the form of its salts (carbonates), acid salts (hydrogen carbonates), amines (carbamic acid), and acid chlorides (carbonyl chloride). (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) |
| succinyl-coenzyme a | |
| oxaloacetic acid | A dicarboxylic acid ketone that is an important metabolic intermediate of the CITRIC ACID CYCLE. It can be converted to ASPARTIC ACID by ASPARTATE TRANSAMINASE. |
| sedoheptulose 1,7-bisphosphate | |
| sedoheptulose 7-phosphate | |
| acetyl coenzyme a | Acetyl CoA participates in the biosynthesis of fatty acids and sterols, in the oxidation of fatty acids and in the metabolism of many amino acids. It also acts as a biological acetylating agent. |
| creolin | from refined coal tar oils |
| aconitic acid | A tricarboxylic acid with the formula (COOH)-CH2-C(COOH)=CH-COOH. |