Page last updated: 2024-10-06

Nicotine Metabolism Pathway

Proteins (9)

ProteinSynonymsTaxonomy
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-2Homo sapiens (human)
Cytochrome P450 2B6EC 1.14.13.-; 1,4-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase; CYPIIB6; Cytochrome P450 IIB1Homo sapiens (human)
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-3Homo sapiens (human)
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-4Homo sapiens (human)
Cytochrome P450 2A6EC 1.14.13.-; 1,4-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase; CYPIIA6; Coumarin 7-hydroxylase; Cytochrome P450 IIA3; Cytochrome P450(I)Homo sapiens (human)
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A9UGT1A9; EC 2.4.1.17; UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-9; UDPGT 1-9; UGT1*9; UGT1-09; UGT1.9; UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-I; UGT-1I; UGT1I; lugP4Homo sapiens (human)
Aldehyde oxidaseEC 1.2.3.1; Aldehyde oxidase 1; Azaheterocycle hydroxylase; 1.17.3.-Homo sapiens (human)
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A4UGT1A4; EC 2.4.1.17; Bilirubin-specific UDPGT isozyme 2; hUG-BR2; UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-4; UDPGT 1-4; UGT1*4; UGT1-04; UGT1.4; UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-D; UGT-1D; UGT1DHomo sapiens (human)
Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 3EC 1.14.13.8; EC 1.14.14.73; Dimethylaniline oxidase 3; FMO II; FMO form 2; Hepatic flavin-containing monooxygenase 3; FMO 3; Trimethylamine monooxygenase; 1.14.13.148Homo sapiens (human)

Compounds (19)

CompoundDescription
hydronium ion
NADH
uridine diphosphateA uracil nucleotide containing a pyrophosphate group esterified to C5 of the sugar moiety.
formaldehydeA highly reactive aldehyde gas formed by oxidation or incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons. In solution, it has a wide range of uses: in the manufacture of resins and textiles, as a disinfectant, and as a laboratory fixative or preservative. Formaldehyde solution (formalin) is considered a hazardous compound, and its vapor toxic. (From Reynolds, Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p717)
Hydrogen PeroxideA strong oxidizing agent used in aqueous solution as a ripening agent, bleach, and topical anti-infective. It is relatively unstable and solutions deteriorate over time unless stabilized by the addition of acetanilide or similar organic materials.
nicotineNicotine is highly toxic alkaloid. It is the prototypical agonist at nicotinic cholinergic receptors where it dramatically stimulates neurons and ultimately blocks synaptic transmission. Nicotine is also important medically because of its presence in tobacco smoke.
WaterA clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
OxygenAn element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.
nornicotineagricultural or horticultural insecticide; RN given refers to (+-)-isomer; structure
uridine diphosphate glucuronic acidA nucleoside diphosphate sugar which serves as a source of glucuronic acid for polysaccharide biosynthesis. It may also be epimerized to UDP iduronic acid, which donates iduronic acid to polysaccharides. In animals, UDP glucuronic acid is used for formation of many glucosiduronides with various aglycones.
nicotine n-glucuronidea metabolite of nicotine
cotinine N-glucuronidestructure given in first source; a major urinary metabolite of nicotine
CotinineThe N-glucuronide conjugate of cotinine is a major urinary metabolite of NICOTINE. It thus serves as a biomarker of exposure to tobacco SMOKING. It has CNS stimulating properties.
nicotine 1-n-oxideRN given refers to unspecified stereoisomer
norcotinineRN given refers to compound without isomeric designation; metabolite of cotinine
nicotine imineRN given refers to 11C-labeled (S)-isomer
NADA coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-diphosphate coupled to adenosine 5'-phosphate by pyrophosphate linkage. It is found widely in nature and is involved in numerous enzymatic reactions in which it serves as an electron carrier by being alternately oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH). (Dorland, 27th ed)
cotinine-N-oxidemetabolite of nicotine; structure
creolinfrom refined coal tar oils