Page last updated: 2024-10-06
Metabolism of fat-soluble vitamins
Proteins (26)
| Protein | Synonyms | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Apolipoprotein B-100 | Apo B-100 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1-like protein 1 | VKORC1-like protein 1; EC 1.17.4.4 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Transthyretin | ATTR; Prealbumin; TBPA | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase | PL; PTL; Pancreatic lipase; EC 3.1.1.3 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Alpha-tocopherol transfer protein | Alpha-TTP | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Low-density lipoprotein receptor | LDL receptor | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Apolipoprotein A-I | Apo-AI; ApoA-I; Apolipoprotein A1 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 | EC 1.17.4.4; Vitamin K1 2,3-epoxide reductase subunit 1 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Apolipoprotein C-III | Apo-CIII; ApoC-III; Apolipoprotein C3 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Retinol-binding protein 4 | Plasma retinol-binding protein; PRBP; RBP | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Lecithin retinol acyltransferase | EC 2.3.1.135; Phosphatidylcholine--retinol O-acyltransferase | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Retinol-binding protein 2 | Cellular retinol-binding protein II; CRBP-II | Homo sapiens (human) |
| All-trans-retinol 13,14-reductase | EC 1.3.99.23; All-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol saturase; RetSat; PPAR-alpha-regulated and starvation-induced gene protein | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Apolipoprotein M | Apo-M; ApoM; Protein G3a | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Retinol-binding protein 1 | Cellular retinol-binding protein; CRBP; Cellular retinol-binding protein I; CRBP-I | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Apolipoprotein A-II | Apo-AII; ApoA-II; Apolipoprotein A2 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Apolipoprotein C-II | Apo-CII; ApoC-II; Apolipoprotein C2 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Apolipoprotein A-IV | Apo-AIV; ApoA-IV; Apolipoprotein A4 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Phospholipase B1, membrane-associated | Phospholipase B; hPLB; Lysophospholipase; 3.1.1.5; Phospholipase A2; 3.1.1.4; Phospholipase B/lipase; PLB/LIP; Triacylglycerol lipase; 3.1.1.3 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Beta,beta-carotene 15,15'-dioxygenase | EC 1.13.11.63; Beta-carotene dioxygenase 1; Beta-carotene oxygenase 1 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Apolipoprotein E | Apo-E | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Colipase | Homo sapiens (human) | |
| Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored high density lipoprotein-binding protein 1 | GPI-HBP1; GPI-anchored HDL-binding protein 1; High density lipoprotein-binding protein 1 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Retinol dehydrogenase 11 | EC 1.1.1.300; Androgen-regulated short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase 1; HCV core-binding protein HCBP12; Prostate short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase 1; Retinal reductase 1; RalR1; Short chain dehydrogenase/reductase family 7C member 1 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Beta,beta-carotene 9',10'-oxygenase | EC 1.13.11.71; B-diox-II; Beta-carotene dioxygenase 2 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| UbiA prenyltransferase domain-containing protein 1 | EC 2.5.1.-; Transitional epithelial response protein 1 | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (22)
| Compound | Description |
|---|---|
| hydronium ion | |
| d-alpha tocopherol | |
| NADH | |
| iron | A metallic element with atomic symbol Fe, atomic number 26, and atomic weight 55.85. It is an essential constituent of HEMOGLOBINS; CYTOCHROMES; and IRON-BINDING PROTEINS. It plays a role in cellular redox reactions and in the transport of OXYGEN. |
| vitamin k 3 | A synthetic naphthoquinone without the isoprenoid side chain and biological activity, but can be converted to active vitamin K2, menaquinone, after alkylation in vivo. |
| retinol | |
| beta carotene | A carotenoid that is a precursor of VITAMIN A. Beta carotene is administered to reduce the severity of photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (PORPHYRIA, ERYTHROPOIETIC). |
| retinol palmitate | RN given refers to parent cpd; structure |
| Cholesterol | The principal sterol of all higher animals, distributed in body tissues, especially the brain and spinal cord, and in animal fats and oils. |
| retinaldehyde | A diterpene derived from the carotenoid VITAMIN A which functions as the active component of the visual cycle. It is the prosthetic group of RHODOPSIN (i.e., covalently bonded to ROD OPSIN as 11-cis-retinal). When stimulated by visible light, rhodopsin transforms this cis-isomer of retinal to the trans-isomer (11-trans-retinal). This transformation straightens-out the bend of the retinal molecule and causes a change in the shape of rhodopsin triggering the visual process. A series of energy-requiring enzyme-catalyzed reactions convert the 11-trans-retinal back to the cis-isomer. |
| Water | A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) |
| Oxygen | An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration. |
| palmitic acid | A common saturated fatty acid found in fats and waxes including olive oil, palm oil, and body lipids. |
| menatetrenone epoxide | metabolite of menatetrenone |
| nad | A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-diphosphate coupled to adenosine 5'-phosphate by pyrophosphate linkage. It is found widely in nature and is involved in numerous enzymatic reactions in which it serves as an electron carrier by being alternately oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH). (Dorland, 27th ed) |
| NADP | Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) coupled by pyrophosphate linkage to the 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate. It serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH). (Dorland, 27th ed) |
| NADP | Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) coupled by pyrophosphate linkage to the 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate. It serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH). (Dorland, 27th ed) |
| 13,14-dihydroretinol | |
| menatetrenone | |
| geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate | RN given refers to (E,E,E)-isomer |
| beta-apo-10'-carotenal | structure in first source |
| beta-ionone | stimulator of carotenogenesis; carotenoid inhibitor; intermediate in synthesis of Vit A; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure |