Page last updated: 2024-10-06

Metabolism of fat-soluble vitamins

Proteins (26)

ProteinSynonymsTaxonomy
Apolipoprotein B-100Apo B-100Homo sapiens (human)
Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1-like protein 1VKORC1-like protein 1; EC 1.17.4.4Homo sapiens (human)
TransthyretinATTR; Prealbumin; TBPAHomo sapiens (human)
Pancreatic triacylglycerol lipasePL; PTL; Pancreatic lipase; EC 3.1.1.3Homo sapiens (human)
Alpha-tocopherol transfer proteinAlpha-TTPHomo sapiens (human)
Low-density lipoprotein receptorLDL receptorHomo sapiens (human)
Apolipoprotein A-IApo-AI; ApoA-I; Apolipoprotein A1Homo sapiens (human)
Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 EC 1.17.4.4; Vitamin K1 2,3-epoxide reductase subunit 1Homo sapiens (human)
Apolipoprotein C-IIIApo-CIII; ApoC-III; Apolipoprotein C3Homo sapiens (human)
Retinol-binding protein 4Plasma retinol-binding protein; PRBP; RBPHomo sapiens (human)
Lecithin retinol acyltransferaseEC 2.3.1.135; Phosphatidylcholine--retinol O-acyltransferaseHomo sapiens (human)
Retinol-binding protein 2Cellular retinol-binding protein II; CRBP-IIHomo sapiens (human)
All-trans-retinol 13,14-reductaseEC 1.3.99.23; All-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol saturase; RetSat; PPAR-alpha-regulated and starvation-induced gene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
Apolipoprotein MApo-M; ApoM; Protein G3aHomo sapiens (human)
Retinol-binding protein 1Cellular retinol-binding protein; CRBP; Cellular retinol-binding protein I; CRBP-IHomo sapiens (human)
Apolipoprotein A-IIApo-AII; ApoA-II; Apolipoprotein A2Homo sapiens (human)
Apolipoprotein C-IIApo-CII; ApoC-II; Apolipoprotein C2Homo sapiens (human)
Apolipoprotein A-IVApo-AIV; ApoA-IV; Apolipoprotein A4Homo sapiens (human)
Phospholipase B1, membrane-associatedPhospholipase B; hPLB; Lysophospholipase; 3.1.1.5; Phospholipase A2; 3.1.1.4; Phospholipase B/lipase; PLB/LIP; Triacylglycerol lipase; 3.1.1.3Homo sapiens (human)
Beta,beta-carotene 15,15'-dioxygenaseEC 1.13.11.63; Beta-carotene dioxygenase 1; Beta-carotene oxygenase 1Homo sapiens (human)
Apolipoprotein EApo-EHomo sapiens (human)
ColipaseHomo sapiens (human)
Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored high density lipoprotein-binding protein 1GPI-HBP1; GPI-anchored HDL-binding protein 1; High density lipoprotein-binding protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
Retinol dehydrogenase 11EC 1.1.1.300; Androgen-regulated short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase 1; HCV core-binding protein HCBP12; Prostate short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase 1; Retinal reductase 1; RalR1; Short chain dehydrogenase/reductase family 7C member 1Homo sapiens (human)
Beta,beta-carotene 9',10'-oxygenaseEC 1.13.11.71; B-diox-II; Beta-carotene dioxygenase 2Homo sapiens (human)
UbiA prenyltransferase domain-containing protein 1EC 2.5.1.-; Transitional epithelial response protein 1Homo sapiens (human)

Compounds (22)

CompoundDescription
hydronium ion
d-alpha tocopherol
NADH
ironA metallic element with atomic symbol Fe, atomic number 26, and atomic weight 55.85. It is an essential constituent of HEMOGLOBINS; CYTOCHROMES; and IRON-BINDING PROTEINS. It plays a role in cellular redox reactions and in the transport of OXYGEN.
vitamin k 3A synthetic naphthoquinone without the isoprenoid side chain and biological activity, but can be converted to active vitamin K2, menaquinone, after alkylation in vivo.
retinol
beta caroteneA carotenoid that is a precursor of VITAMIN A. Beta carotene is administered to reduce the severity of photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (PORPHYRIA, ERYTHROPOIETIC).
retinol palmitateRN given refers to parent cpd; structure
CholesterolThe principal sterol of all higher animals, distributed in body tissues, especially the brain and spinal cord, and in animal fats and oils.
retinaldehydeA diterpene derived from the carotenoid VITAMIN A which functions as the active component of the visual cycle. It is the prosthetic group of RHODOPSIN (i.e., covalently bonded to ROD OPSIN as 11-cis-retinal). When stimulated by visible light, rhodopsin transforms this cis-isomer of retinal to the trans-isomer (11-trans-retinal). This transformation straightens-out the bend of the retinal molecule and causes a change in the shape of rhodopsin triggering the visual process. A series of energy-requiring enzyme-catalyzed reactions convert the 11-trans-retinal back to the cis-isomer.
WaterA clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
OxygenAn element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.
palmitic acidA common saturated fatty acid found in fats and waxes including olive oil, palm oil, and body lipids.
menatetrenone epoxidemetabolite of menatetrenone
nadA coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-diphosphate coupled to adenosine 5'-phosphate by pyrophosphate linkage. It is found widely in nature and is involved in numerous enzymatic reactions in which it serves as an electron carrier by being alternately oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH). (Dorland, 27th ed)
NADPNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) coupled by pyrophosphate linkage to the 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate. It serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH). (Dorland, 27th ed)
NADPNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) coupled by pyrophosphate linkage to the 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate. It serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH). (Dorland, 27th ed)
13,14-dihydroretinol
menatetrenone
geranylgeranyl pyrophosphateRN given refers to (E,E,E)-isomer
beta-apo-10'-carotenalstructure in first source
beta-iononestimulator of carotenogenesis; carotenoid inhibitor; intermediate in synthesis of Vit A; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure