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Metabolism of amine-derived hormones

Proteins (14)

ProteinSynonymsTaxonomy
Glycoprotein hormones alpha chainAnterior pituitary glycoprotein hormones common subunit alpha; Choriogonadotropin alpha chain; Chorionic gonadotrophin subunit alpha; CG-alpha; Follicle-stimulating hormone alpha chain; FSH-alpha; Follitropin alpha chain; Luteinizing hormone alpha chain; Homo sapiens (human)
Thyroid peroxidaseTPO; EC 1.11.1.8Homo sapiens (human)
Iodotyrosine deiodinase 1IYD-1; EC 1.21.1.1; Iodotyrosine dehalogenase 1Homo sapiens (human)
Tyrosine 3-monooxygenaseEC 1.14.16.2; Tyrosine 3-hydroxylase; THHomo sapiens (human)
Serotonin N-acetyltransferaseSerotonin acetylase; EC 2.3.1.87; Aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase; AA-NATHomo sapiens (human)
Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferasePNMTase; EC 2.1.1.28; Noradrenaline N-methyltransferaseHomo sapiens (human)
Dopamine beta-hydroxylaseEC 1.14.17.1; Dopamine beta-monooxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
Thyroxine 5-deiodinaseEC 1.21.99.3; 5DIII; DIOIII; Type 3 DI; Type III iodothyronine deiodinaseHomo sapiens (human)
Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylaseAADC; EC 4.1.1.28; DOPA decarboxylase; DDCHomo sapiens (human)
Sodium/iodide cotransporterNa(+)/I(-) cotransporter; Sodium-iodide symporter; Na(+)/I(-) symporter; Solute carrier family 5 member 5Homo sapiens (human)
Acetylserotonin O-methyltransferaseEC 2.1.1.4; Hydroxyindole O-methyltransferase; HIOMTHomo sapiens (human)
Type I iodothyronine deiodinaseEC 1.21.99.4; 5DI; DIOI; Type 1 DI; Type-I 5'-deiodinaseHomo sapiens (human)
Type II iodothyronine deiodinaseEC 1.21.99.4; 5DII; DIOII; Type 2 DI; Type-II 5'-deiodinaseHomo sapiens (human)
Thyrotropin subunit betaThyroid-stimulating hormone subunit beta; TSH-B; TSH-beta; Thyrotropin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)

Compounds (28)

CompoundDescription
hydronium ion
CopperA heavy metal trace element with the atomic symbol Cu, atomic number 29, and atomic weight 63.55.
hydroiodic acid
ironA metallic element with atomic symbol Fe, atomic number 26, and atomic weight 55.85. It is an essential constituent of HEMOGLOBINS; CYTOCHROMES; and IRON-BINDING PROTEINS. It plays a role in cellular redox reactions and in the transport of OXYGEN.
Carbon DioxideA colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals.
iodineA nonmetallic element of the halogen group that is represented by the atomic symbol I, atomic number 53, and atomic weight of 126.90. It is a nutritionally essential element, especially important in thyroid hormone synthesis. In solution, it has anti-infective properties and is used topically.
Dopamine Hydrochloride
Flavin MononucleotideA coenzyme for a number of oxidative enzymes including NADH DEHYDROGENASE. It is the principal form in which RIBOFLAVIN is found in cells and tissues.
thyroxineThe major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.
Hydrogen PeroxideA strong oxidizing agent used in aqueous solution as a ripening agent, bleach, and topical anti-infective. It is relatively unstable and solutions deteriorate over time unless stabilized by the addition of acetanilide or similar organic materials.
iodineA nonmetallic element of the halogen group that is represented by the atomic symbol I, atomic number 53, and atomic weight of 126.90. It is a nutritionally essential element, especially important in thyroid hormone synthesis. In solution, it has anti-infective properties and is used topically.
melatoninA biogenic amine that is found in animals and plants. In mammals, melatonin is produced by the PINEAL GLAND. Its secretion increases in darkness and decreases during exposure to light. Melatonin is implicated in the regulation of SLEEP, mood, and REPRODUCTION. Melatonin is also an effective antioxidant.
SodiumA member of the alkali group of metals. It has the atomic symbol Na, atomic number 11, and atomic weight 23.
WaterA clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
OxygenAn element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.
sapropterinRN given refers to parent cpd; co-factor required for catalytic activity of nitric oxide synthases
4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterinstructure given in first source
pqq cofactorA pyrrolo-quinoline having two adjacent keto-groups at the 4 and 5 positions and three acidic carboxyl groups. It is a coenzyme of some DEHYDROGENASES.
NADPNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) coupled by pyrophosphate linkage to the 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate. It serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH). (Dorland, 27th ed)
NADPNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) coupled by pyrophosphate linkage to the 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate. It serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH). (Dorland, 27th ed)
SerotoninA biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid L-TRYPTOPHAN. In humans it is found primarily in the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and blood platelets. Serotonin mediates several important physiological functions including neurotransmission, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and cardiovascular integrity. Multiple receptor families (RECEPTORS, SEROTONIN) explain the broad physiological actions and distribution of this biochemical mediator.
monoiodotyrosineA product from the iodination of tyrosine. In the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones (THYROXINE and TRIIODOTHYRONINE), tyrosine is first iodized to monoiodotyrosine.
s-adenosylmethioninePhysiologic methyl radical donor involved in enzymatic transmethylation reactions and present in all living organisms. It possesses anti-inflammatory activity and has been used in treatment of chronic liver disease. (From Merck, 11th ed)
Coenzyme A
Dehydroascorbic AcidThe reversibly oxidized form of ascorbic acid. It is the lactone of 2,3-DIKETOGULONIC ACID and has antiscorbutic activity in man on oral ingestion.
Acetyl Coenzyme AAcetyl CoA participates in the biosynthesis of fatty acids and sterols, in the oxidation of fatty acids and in the metabolism of many amino acids. It also acts as a biological acetylating agent.
creolinfrom refined coal tar oils
n-acetylserotonin