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L-lysine fermentation to acetate and butanoate

Proteins (8)

ProteinSynonymsTaxonomy
3-aminobutyryl-CoA ammonia lyaseEC 4.3.1.14; 3-aminobutyryl-CoA deaminaseFusobacterium nucleatum subsp. nucleatum ATCC 25586
3-keto-5-aminohexanoate cleavage enzymeEC 2.3.1.247Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. nucleatum ATCC 25586
L-erythro-3,5-diaminohexanoate dehydrogenaseEC 1.4.1.11; 3,5-diaminohexanoate dehydrogenaseFusobacterium nucleatum subsp. nucleatum ATCC 25586
L-lysine 2,3-aminomutaseLAM; EC 5.4.3.2; KAMFusobacterium nucleatum subsp. nucleatum ATCC 25586
L-lysine 2,3-aminomutaseLAM; EC 5.4.3.2; KAMClostridium subterminale
Lysine 5,6-aminomutase alpha subunit5,6-LAM; EC 5.4.3.3; D-lysine 5,6-aminomutase alpha subunit; L-beta-lysine 5,6-aminomutase alpha subunitFusobacterium nucleatum subsp. nucleatum ATCC 25586
Lysine 5,6-aminomutase beta subunit5,6-LAM; EC 5.4.3.3; D-lysine 5,6-aminomutase beta subunit; L-beta-lysine 5,6-aminomutase beta subunitFusobacterium nucleatum subsp. nucleatum ATCC 25586
Acetate kinase Acetoanaerobium sticklandii DSM 519

Compounds (41)

CompoundDescription
hydronium ion
CobaltA trace element that is a component of vitamin B12. It has the atomic symbol Co, atomic number 27, and atomic weight 58.93. It is used in nuclear weapons, alloys, and pigments. Deficiency in animals leads to anemia; its excess in humans can lead to erythrocytosis.
n-Butyrate
CesiumA member of the alkali metals. It has an atomic symbol Cs, atomic number 50, and atomic weight 132.91. Cesium has many industrial applications, including the construction of atomic clocks based on its atomic vibrational frequency.
RubidiumAn element that is an alkali metal. It has an atomic symbol Rb, atomic number 37, and atomic weight 85.47. It is used as a chemical reagent and in the manufacture of photoelectric cells.
NADH
Ammonium
CopperA heavy metal trace element with the atomic symbol Cu, atomic number 29, and atomic weight 63.55.
CalciumA basic element found in nearly all tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.
ironA metallic element with atomic symbol Fe, atomic number 26, and atomic weight 55.85. It is an essential constituent of HEMOGLOBINS; CYTOCHROMES; and IRON-BINDING PROTEINS. It plays a role in cellular redox reactions and in the transport of OXYGEN.
ManganeseA trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1992, p2035)
LithiumAn element in the alkali metals family. It has the atomic symbol Li, atomic number 3, and atomic weight [6.938; 6.997]. Salts of lithium are used in treating BIPOLAR DISORDER.
ZincA metallic element of atomic number 30 and atomic weight 65.38. It is a necessary trace element in the diet, forming an essential part of many enzymes, and playing an important role in protein synthesis and in cell division. Zinc deficiency is associated with ANEMIA, short stature, HYPOGONADISM, impaired WOUND HEALING, and geophagia. It is known by the symbol Zn.
Orthophosphate
isoniazidAntibacterial agent used primarily as a tuberculostatic. It remains the treatment of choice for tuberculosis.
adenosine diphosphateAdenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position.
potassiumAn element in the alkali group of metals with an atomic symbol K, atomic number 19, and atomic weight 39.10. It is the chief cation in the intracellular fluid of muscle and other cells. Potassium ion is a strong electrolyte that plays a significant role in the regulation of fluid volume and maintenance of the WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE.
MagnesiumA metallic element that has the atomic symbol Mg, atomic number 12, and atomic weight 24.31. It is important for the activity of many enzymes, especially those involved in OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION.
SodiumA member of the alkali group of metals. It has the atomic symbol Na, atomic number 11, and atomic weight 23.
WaterA clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
iodoacetamideAn alkylating sulfhydryl reagent. Its actions are similar to those of iodoacetate.
cobamamide
1,10-phenanthrolineRN given refers to parent cpd; inhibits Zn-dependent metalloproteinases
mercaptoethanolA water-soluble thiol derived from hydrogen sulfide and ethanol. It is used as a reducing agent for disulfide bonds and to protect sulfhydryl groups from oxidation.
nadA coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-diphosphate coupled to adenosine 5'-phosphate by pyrophosphate linkage. It is found widely in nature and is involved in numerous enzymatic reactions in which it serves as an electron carrier by being alternately oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH). (Dorland, 27th ed)
acetyl phosphate
sodium borohydrideRN given refers to parent cpd
ethylmaleimideA sulfhydryl reagent that is widely used in experimental biochemical studies.
dithiothreitolA reagent commonly used in biochemical studies as a protective agent to prevent the oxidation of SH (thiol) groups and for reducing disulphides to dithiols.
Edetic AcidA chelating agent that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations such as CALCIUM. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive.
adenosine triphosphateAn adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter.
acetoacetate
CycloserineAntibiotic substance produced by Streptomyces garyphalus.
hydroxylamineA colorless inorganic compound (HONH2) used in organic synthesis and as a reducing agent, due to its ability to donate nitric oxide.
hydrazineused as fuel in emergency power systems; see also record for hydrazine sulfate RN: 10034-93-2; RN given refers to parent cpd
2,2'-dipyridylA reagent used for the determination of iron.
s-adenosylmethioninePhysiologic methyl radical donor involved in enzymatic transmethylation reactions and present in all living organisms. It possesses anti-inflammatory activity and has been used in treatment of chronic liver disease. (From Merck, 11th ed)
Coenzyme A
acetoacetyl CoA
Acetyl Coenzyme AAcetyl CoA participates in the biosynthesis of fatty acids and sterols, in the oxidation of fatty acids and in the metabolism of many amino acids. It also acts as a biological acetylating agent.
phenylhydrazineRN given refers to parent cpd