Page last updated: 2024-10-06

L-glutamate degradation VII (to butanoate)

Proteins (10)

ProteinSynonymsTaxonomy
Methylaspartate ammonia-lyaseMAL; EC 4.3.1.2; 3-methylaspartase ammonia-lyase; Beta-methylaspartaseClostridium tetanomorphum
3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenaseEC 1.1.1.157; Beta-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase; BHBDClostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824
Glutamate mutase epsilon subunitEC 5.4.99.1; Glutamate mutase E chain; Glutamate mutase large subunit; Methylaspartate mutaseClostridium cochlearium
Short-chain-enoyl-CoA hydrataseEC 4.2.1.150; 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydratase; CrotonaseClostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824
Phosphate butyryltransferaseEC 2.3.1.19; PhosphotransbutyrylaseClostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824
Butyrate kinase 1BK 1; BKI; EC 2.7.2.7Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824
Pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductaseClostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824
ThlA1 Clostridium kluyveri DSM 555
Crt1 Clostridium kluyveri DSM 555
Bcd Clostridium kluyveri DSM 555

Compounds (27)

CompoundDescription
hydronium ion
n-Butyrate
tartrate
Thiamine PyrophosphateThe coenzyme form of Vitamin B1 present in many animal tissues. It is a required intermediate in the PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX and the KETOGLUTARATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX.
Succinate
NADH
Ammonium
Carbon DioxideA colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals.
Orthophosphate
adenosine diphosphateAdenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position.
hydrogenThe first chemical element in the periodic table with atomic symbol H, and atomic number 1. Protium (atomic weight 1) is by far the most common hydrogen isotope. Hydrogen also exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM (atomic weight 2) and the radioactive isotope TRITIUM (atomic weight 3). Hydrogen forms into a diatomic molecule at room temperature and appears as a highly flammable colorless and odorless gas.
potassiumAn element in the alkali group of metals with an atomic symbol K, atomic number 19, and atomic weight 39.10. It is the chief cation in the intracellular fluid of muscle and other cells. Potassium ion is a strong electrolyte that plays a significant role in the regulation of fluid volume and maintenance of the WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE.
MagnesiumA metallic element that has the atomic symbol Mg, atomic number 12, and atomic weight 24.31. It is important for the activity of many enzymes, especially those involved in OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION.
WaterA clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
iodoacetamideAn alkylating sulfhydryl reagent. Its actions are similar to those of iodoacetate.
cobamamide
Pyruvic AcidAn intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed)
adenosine monophosphateAdenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-position.
nadA coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-diphosphate coupled to adenosine 5'-phosphate by pyrophosphate linkage. It is found widely in nature and is involved in numerous enzymatic reactions in which it serves as an electron carrier by being alternately oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH). (Dorland, 27th ed)
NADPNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) coupled by pyrophosphate linkage to the 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate. It serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH). (Dorland, 27th ed)
NADPNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) coupled by pyrophosphate linkage to the 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate. It serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH). (Dorland, 27th ed)
citramalateRN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation
glutamate
adenosine triphosphateAn adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter.
Coenzyme A
acetoacetyl CoA
Acetyl Coenzyme AAcetyl CoA participates in the biosynthesis of fatty acids and sterols, in the oxidation of fatty acids and in the metabolism of many amino acids. It also acts as a biological acetylating agent.