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Isoquinoline Alkaloid Biosynthesis

Proteins (5)

ProteinSynonymsTaxonomy
Aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic isozyme 1EC 2.6.1.1; Transaminase AArabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)
Aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic isozyme 2EC 2.6.1.1; Transaminase AArabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)
Primary amine oxidase 1 AtAO1; EC 1.4.3.21Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)
Tyrosine aminotransferaseTAT; EC 2.6.1.5; L-tyrosine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferaseArabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)
Phenylacetaldehyde synthaseAtPAAS; EC 4.1.1.109; 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde synthase; DHPAA synthase; 4.1.1.107; Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase; Aromatic aldehyde synthase; AtAASArabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)

Compounds (13)

CompoundDescription
ammonium hydroxideThe hydroxy salt of ammonium ion. It is formed when AMMONIA reacts with water molecules in solution.
Carbon DioxideA colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals.
glutamic acidA non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.
levodopaThe naturally occurring form of DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE and the immediate precursor of DOPAMINE. Unlike dopamine itself, it can be taken orally and crosses the blood-brain barrier. It is rapidly taken up by dopaminergic neurons and converted to DOPAMINE. It is used for the treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and is usually given with agents that inhibit its conversion to dopamine outside of the central nervous system.
tyrosineA non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.
DopamineOne of the catecholamine NEUROTRANSMITTERS in the brain. It is derived from TYROSINE and is the precursor to NOREPINEPHRINE and EPINEPHRINE. Dopamine is a major transmitter in the extrapyramidal system of the brain, and important in regulating movement. A family of receptors (RECEPTORS, DOPAMINE) mediate its action.
Hydrogen PeroxideA strong oxidizing agent used in aqueous solution as a ripening agent, bleach, and topical anti-infective. It is relatively unstable and solutions deteriorate over time unless stabilized by the addition of acetanilide or similar organic materials.
WaterA clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
OxygenAn element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.
alpha-ketoglutaric acid
tyramineAn indirect sympathomimetic that occurs naturally in cheese and other foods. Tyramine does not directly activate adrenergic receptors, but it can serve as a substrate for adrenergic uptake systems and MONOAMINE OXIDASE to prolong the actions of adrenergic transmitters. It also provokes transmitter release from adrenergic terminals and may be a neurotransmitter in some invertebrate nervous systems.
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde
4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acidRN given refers to parent cpd