Pathways > Isoquinoline Alkaloid Biosynthesis
Page last updated: 2024-10-06
Isoquinoline Alkaloid Biosynthesis
Proteins (5)
| Protein | Synonyms | Taxonomy |
|---|
| Aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic isozyme 1 | EC 2.6.1.1; Transaminase A | Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) |
| Aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic isozyme 2 | EC 2.6.1.1; Transaminase A | Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) |
| Primary amine oxidase 1 | AtAO1; EC 1.4.3.21 | Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) |
| Tyrosine aminotransferase | TAT; EC 2.6.1.5; L-tyrosine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase | Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) |
| Phenylacetaldehyde synthase | AtPAAS; EC 4.1.1.109; 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde synthase; DHPAA synthase; 4.1.1.107; Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase; Aromatic aldehyde synthase; AtAAS | Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) |
Compounds (13)
| Compound | Description |
|---|
| ammonium hydroxide | The hydroxy salt of ammonium ion. It is formed when AMMONIA reacts with water molecules in solution. |
| Carbon Dioxide | A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals. |
| glutamic acid | A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. |
| levodopa | The naturally occurring form of DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE and the immediate precursor of DOPAMINE. Unlike dopamine itself, it can be taken orally and crosses the blood-brain barrier. It is rapidly taken up by dopaminergic neurons and converted to DOPAMINE. It is used for the treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and is usually given with agents that inhibit its conversion to dopamine outside of the central nervous system. |
| tyrosine | A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin. |
| Dopamine | One of the catecholamine NEUROTRANSMITTERS in the brain. It is derived from TYROSINE and is the precursor to NOREPINEPHRINE and EPINEPHRINE. Dopamine is a major transmitter in the extrapyramidal system of the brain, and important in regulating movement. A family of receptors (RECEPTORS, DOPAMINE) mediate its action. |
| Hydrogen Peroxide | A strong oxidizing agent used in aqueous solution as a ripening agent, bleach, and topical anti-infective. It is relatively unstable and solutions deteriorate over time unless stabilized by the addition of acetanilide or similar organic materials. |
| Water | A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) |
| Oxygen | An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration. |
| alpha-ketoglutaric acid | |
| tyramine | An indirect sympathomimetic that occurs naturally in cheese and other foods. Tyramine does not directly activate adrenergic receptors, but it can serve as a substrate for adrenergic uptake systems and MONOAMINE OXIDASE to prolong the actions of adrenergic transmitters. It also provokes transmitter release from adrenergic terminals and may be a neurotransmitter in some invertebrate nervous systems. |
| 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde | |
| 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid | RN given refers to parent cpd |