Page last updated: 2024-10-06

Endogenous sterols

Proteins (18)

ProteinSynonymsTaxonomy
Cholesterol 24-hydroxylaseCH24H; EC 1.14.14.25; Cholesterol 24-monooxygenase; Cholesterol 24S-hydroxylase; Cytochrome P450 46A1Homo sapiens (human)
Steroid 21-hydroxylaseEC 1.14.14.16; 21-OHase; Cytochrome P-450c21; Cytochrome P450 21; Cytochrome P450 XXI; Cytochrome P450-C21; Cytochrome P450-C21BHomo sapiens (human)
Bile acid receptorFarnesoid X-activated receptor; Farnesol receptor HRR-1; Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group H member 4; Retinoid X receptor-interacting protein 14; RXR-interacting protein 14Homo sapiens (human)
AromataseEC 1.14.14.14; CYPXIX; Cytochrome P-450AROM; Cytochrome P450 19A1; Estrogen synthaseHomo sapiens (human)
Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrialAldosterone synthase; ALDOS; Aldosterone-synthesizing enzyme; CYPXIB2; Corticosterone 18-monooxygenase, CYP11B2; 1.14.15.5; Cytochrome P-450Aldo; Cytochrome P-450C18; Steroid 11-beta-hydroxylase, CYP11B2; 1.14.15.4; Steroid 18-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaNuclear receptor subfamily 2 group B member 1; Retinoid X receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
Cytochrome P450 1B1EC 1.14.14.1; CYPIB1; Hydroperoxy icosatetraenoate dehydratase; 4.2.1.152Homo sapiens (human)
Lanosterol 14-alpha demethylaseLDM; EC 1.14.14.154; CYPLI; Cytochrome P450 51A1; Cytochrome P450-14DM; Cytochrome P45014DM; Cytochrome P450LI; Sterol 14-alpha demethylaseHomo sapiens (human)
Aryl hydrocarbon receptorAh receptor; AhR; Class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 76; bHLHe76Homo sapiens (human)
Sterol 26-hydroxylase, mitochondrialEC 1.14.15.15; 5-beta-cholestane-3-alpha,7-alpha,12-alpha-triol 26-hydroxylase; Cytochrome P-450C27/25; Cytochrome P450 27; Sterol 27-hydroxylase; Vitamin D(3) 25-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
Nuclear receptor coactivator 1NCoA-1; EC 2.3.1.48; Class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 74; bHLHe74; Protein Hin-2; RIP160; Renal carcinoma antigen NY-REN-52; Steroid receptor coactivator 1; SRC-1Homo sapiens (human)
Nuclear receptor coactivator 2NCoA-2; Class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 75; bHLHe75; Transcriptional intermediary factor 2; hTIF2Homo sapiens (human)
Cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, mitochondrialEC 1.14.15.6; CYPXIA1; Cholesterol desmolase; Cytochrome P450 11A1; Cytochrome P450(scc)Homo sapiens (human)
Pro-opiomelanocortinPOMC; Corticotropin-lipotropinHomo sapiens (human)
NADPH:adrenodoxin oxidoreductase, mitochondrialAR; Adrenodoxin reductase; EC 1.18.1.6; Ferredoxin--NADP(+) reductase; Ferredoxin reductaseHomo sapiens (human)
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor repressorAhR repressor; AhRR; Class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 77; bHLHe77Homo sapiens (human)
24-hydroxycholesterol 7-alpha-hydroxylaseEC 1.14.14.26; Cytochrome P450 39A1; hCYP39A1; Oxysterol 7-alpha-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
Cytochrome P450 4V2Docosahexaenoic acid omega-hydroxylase CYP4V2; 1.14.14.79; Long-chain fatty acid omega-monooxygenase; 1.14.14.80Homo sapiens (human)

Compounds (32)

CompoundDescription
hydronium ion
HydrocortisoneThe main glucocorticoid secreted by the ADRENAL CORTEX. Its synthetic counterpart is used, either as an injection or topically, in the treatment of inflammation, allergy, collagen diseases, asthma, adrenocortical deficiency, shock, and some neoplastic conditions.
EstradiolThe 17-beta-isomer of estradiol, an aromatized C18 steroid with hydroxyl group at 3-beta- and 17-beta-position. Estradiol-17-beta is the most potent form of mammalian estrogenic steroids.
estroneAn aromatized C18 steroid with a 3-hydroxyl group and a 17-ketone, a major mammalian estrogen. It is converted from ANDROSTENEDIONE directly, or from TESTOSTERONE via ESTRADIOL. In humans, it is produced primarily by the cyclic ovaries, PLACENTA, and the ADIPOSE TISSUE of men and postmenopausal women.
ProgesteroneThe major progestational steroid that is secreted primarily by the CORPUS LUTEUM and the PLACENTA. Progesterone acts on the UTERUS, the MAMMARY GLANDS and the BRAIN. It is required in EMBRYO IMPLANTATION; PREGNANCY maintenance, and the development of mammary tissue for MILK production. Progesterone, converted from PREGNENOLONE, also serves as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of GONADAL STEROID HORMONES and adrenal CORTICOSTEROIDS.
CholesterolThe principal sterol of all higher animals, distributed in body tissues, especially the brain and spinal cord, and in animal fats and oils.
desoxycorticosteroneA steroid metabolite that is the 11-deoxy derivative of CORTICOSTERONE and the 21-hydroxy derivative of PROGESTERONE
pregnenoloneA 21-carbon steroid, derived from CHOLESTEROL and found in steroid hormone-producing tissues. Pregnenolone is the precursor to GONADAL STEROID HORMONES and the adrenal CORTICOSTEROIDS.
WaterA clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
OxygenAn element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.
18-hydroxycorticosterone11 beta,18,21-Trihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione.
7,25-dihydroxycholesterolhas various immunosupressive effects; RN given refers to (3beta)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 12/88
24-hydroxycholesterol
7 alpha-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-onestructure
isocaproaldehydeproduced from side-chain cleavage of 20,22-dihydroxycholesterol
NADPNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) coupled by pyrophosphate linkage to the 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate. It serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH). (Dorland, 27th ed)
NADPNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) coupled by pyrophosphate linkage to the 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate. It serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH). (Dorland, 27th ed)
formate
7 alpha,12 alpha-dihydroxy-5-cholesten-3-oneinermediate in bile acid biosynthesis
cortodoxone17,21-Dihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione. A 17-hydroxycorticosteroid with glucocorticoid and anti-inflammatory activities.
4,4-dimethylcholesta-8,14,24-trienola meiosis activating sterol; RN given refers to (5alpha,3beta)-isomer
4-hydroxyestradiolcatechol estrogen
aldosteroneA hormone secreted by the ADRENAL CORTEX that regulates electrolyte and water balance by increasing the renal retention of sodium and the excretion of potassium.
20,22-dihydroxycholesterolRN given refers to (3beta,22R)-isomer
cholest-5-en-3 beta,7 alpha-diolsubstrate for hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase; RN given refers to (3beta,7alpha)-isomer
7 alpha,26-dihydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one
lanosterolA triterpene that derives from the chair-boat-chair-boat folding of 2,3-oxidosqualene. It is metabolized to CHOLESTEROL and CUCURBITACINS.
corticosteroneAn adrenocortical steroid that has modest but significant activities as a mineralocorticoid and a glucocorticoid. (From Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p1437)
creolinfrom refined coal tar oils
androstenedioneA delta-4 C19 steroid that is produced not only in the TESTIS, but also in the OVARY and the ADRENAL CORTEX. Depending on the tissue type, androstenedione can serve as a precursor to TESTOSTERONE as well as ESTRONE and ESTRADIOL.
25-hydroxycholesterol
cholest-5-ene-3 beta,26-diolisolated from human brain