Page last updated: 2024-10-06

Degradation of cysteine and homocysteine

Proteins (15)

ProteinSynonymsTaxonomy
Aspartate aminotransferase, mitochondrialmAspAT; EC 2.6.1.1; EC 2.6.1.7; Fatty acid-binding protein; FABP-1; Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase 2; Kynurenine aminotransferase 4; Kynurenine aminotransferase IV; Kynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 4; Kynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase IV; PlHomo sapiens (human)
Cystathionine gamma-lyaseEC 4.4.1.1; Cysteine-protein sulfhydrase; Gamma-cystathionaseHomo sapiens (human)
Sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase, mitochondrialSQOR; EC 1.8.5.8; Sulfide dehydrogenase-like; Sulfide quinone oxidoreductaseHomo sapiens (human)
Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 1EC 1.14.13.8; Dimethylaniline oxidase 1; Fetal hepatic flavin-containing monooxygenase 1; FMO 1Homo sapiens (human)
Thioredoxin, mitochondrialMTRX; Mt-Trx; Thioredoxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
Thiosulfate:glutathione sulfurtransferaseTST; EC 2.8.1.-Homo sapiens (human)
Cysteine dioxygenase type 1EC 1.13.11.20; Cysteine dioxygenase type I; CDO; CDO-IHomo sapiens (human)
Cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylaseEC 4.1.1.29; Aspartate 1-decarboxylase; 4.1.1.11; Cysteine-sulfinate decarboxylase; Sulfinoalanine decarboxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
Thiosulfate sulfurtransferaseEC 2.8.1.1; RhodaneseHomo sapiens (human)
Persulfide dioxygenase ETHE1, mitochondrialEC 1.13.11.18; Ethylmalonic encephalopathy protein 1; Hepatoma subtracted clone one protein; Sulfur dioxygenase ETHE1Homo sapiens (human)
Sulfite oxidase, mitochondrialEC 1.8.3.1Homo sapiens (human)
2-aminoethanethiol dioxygenaseEC 1.13.11.19; Cysteamine dioxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
Acidic amino acid decarboxylase GADL1Aspartate 1-decarboxylase; ADC; HuADC; 4.1.1.11; Cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase; CSADC; HuCSADC; 4.1.1.29; Glutamate decarboxylase-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferaseMST; EC 2.8.1.2Homo sapiens (human)
Mitochondrial dicarboxylate carrierSolute carrier family 25 member 10Homo sapiens (human)

Compounds (28)

CompoundDescription
hydronium ion
hydrogen sulfite
GlutathioneA tripeptide with many roles in cells. It conjugates to drugs to make them more soluble for excretion, is a cofactor for some enzymes, is involved in protein disulfide bond rearrangement and reduces peroxides.
ammonium hydroxideThe hydroxy salt of ammonium ion. It is formed when AMMONIA reacts with water molecules in solution.
ironA metallic element with atomic symbol Fe, atomic number 26, and atomic weight 55.85. It is an essential constituent of HEMOGLOBINS; CYTOCHROMES; and IRON-BINDING PROTEINS. It plays a role in cellular redox reactions and in the transport of OXYGEN.
Carbon DioxideA colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals.
ZincA metallic element of atomic number 30 and atomic weight 65.38. It is a necessary trace element in the diet, forming an essential part of many enzymes, and playing an important role in protein synthesis and in cell division. Zinc deficiency is associated with ANEMIA, short stature, HYPOGONADISM, impaired WOUND HEALING, and geophagia. It is known by the symbol Zn.
Glutathione DisulfideA GLUTATHIONE dimer formed by a disulfide bond between the cysteine sulfhydryl side chains during the course of being oxidized.
ubiquinol 1
coenzyme q10Ubiquinone ring with a chain of 10 isoprene units; redox equilibrium with ubiqunol serving in mitochondrial inner membrane to transfer electrons; presence during reconstitution of acetylcholine receptor into phospholipid vesicles yields vesicles active in catalyzing carbamylcholine-sensitive Na+ flux; coenzyme Q10 depletion has been noted with use of statins
Hydrogen PeroxideA strong oxidizing agent used in aqueous solution as a ripening agent, bleach, and topical anti-infective. It is relatively unstable and solutions deteriorate over time unless stabilized by the addition of acetanilide or similar organic materials.
WaterA clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
OxygenAn element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.
Pyruvic AcidAn intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed)
sulfitesInorganic salts of sulfurous acid.
NADPNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) coupled by pyrophosphate linkage to the 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate. It serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH). (Dorland, 27th ed)
NADPNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) coupled by pyrophosphate linkage to the 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate. It serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH). (Dorland, 27th ed)
alpha-Ketoglutarate
glutamate
alpha-ketobutyric acidRN given refers to parent cpd; structure
CysteineA thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.
hydrogen cyanideHydrogen cyanide (HCN); A toxic liquid or colorless gas. It is found in the smoke of various tobacco products and released by combustion of nitrogen-containing organic materials.
3-mercaptopyruvic acidRN given refers to parent cpd; structure
cysteine sulfinate
2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-dithiane-2,5-dicarboxylic acidprodrug of 3-mercaptopyruvate; antidote to cyanide poisoning; structure in first source
Flavin-Adenine DinucleotideA condensation product of riboflavin and adenosine diphosphate. The coenzyme of various aerobic dehydrogenases, e.g., D-amino acid oxidase and L-amino acid oxidase. (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p972)
thiocyanateRN given refers to parent cpd
lanthioninea thioether analogue of cystine; RN given refers to (DL)-isomer; structure; a component of lantibiotics (BACTERIOCINS)