Page last updated: 2024-10-06

Cysteine and methionine catabolism

Proteins (14)

ProteinSynonymsTaxonomy
Cystathionine gamma-lyaseEC 4.4.1.1; Cysteine-protein sulfhydrase; Gamma-cystathionaseHomo sapiens (human)
Sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase, mitochondrialSQOR; EC 1.8.5.8; Sulfide dehydrogenase-like; Sulfide quinone oxidoreductaseHomo sapiens (human)
AdenosylhomocysteinaseAdoHcyase; EC 3.3.1.1; S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)
Aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmiccAspAT; EC 2.6.1.1; EC 2.6.1.3; Cysteine aminotransferase, cytoplasmic; Cysteine transaminase, cytoplasmic; cCAT; Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase 1; Transaminase AHomo sapiens (human)
Betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1EC 2.1.1.5Homo sapiens (human)
Cystathionine beta-synthaseEC 4.2.1.22; Beta-thionase; Serine sulfhydraseHomo sapiens (human)
Methionine synthaseMS; EC 2.1.1.13; 5-methyltetrahydrofolate--homocysteine methyltransferase; Cobalamin-dependent methionine synthase; Vitamin-B12 dependent methionine synthaseHomo sapiens (human)
Glutathione synthetaseGSH synthetase; GSH-S; EC 6.3.2.3; Glutathione synthaseHomo sapiens (human)
Cysteine dioxygenase type 1EC 1.13.11.20; Cysteine dioxygenase type I; CDO; CDO-IHomo sapiens (human)
Cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylaseEC 4.1.1.29; Aspartate 1-decarboxylase; 4.1.1.11; Cysteine-sulfinate decarboxylase; Sulfinoalanine decarboxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
Persulfide dioxygenase ETHE1, mitochondrialEC 1.13.11.18; Ethylmalonic encephalopathy protein 1; Hepatoma subtracted clone one protein; Sulfur dioxygenase ETHE1Homo sapiens (human)
3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferaseMST; EC 2.8.1.2Homo sapiens (human)
Aspartate aminotransferase Homo sapiens (human)
Glutamate--cysteine ligase Homo sapiens (human)

Compounds (23)

CompoundDescription
thiosulfatesInorganic salts of thiosulfuric acid possessing the general formula R2S2O3.
taurineA conditionally essential nutrient, important during mammalian development. It is present in milk but is isolated mostly from ox bile and strongly conjugates bile acids.
Ammonium
betaineA naturally occurring compound that has been of interest for its role in osmoregulation. As a drug, betaine hydrochloride has been used as a source of hydrochloric acid in the treatment of hypochlorhydria. Betaine has also been used in the treatment of liver disorders, for hyperkalemia, for homocystinuria, and for gastrointestinal disturbances. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1341)
Carbon DioxideA colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals.
hydrogen sulfideA flammable, poisonous gas with a characteristic odor of rotten eggs. It is used in the manufacture of chemicals, in metallurgy, and as an analytical reagent. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
CystineA covalently linked dimeric nonessential amino acid formed by the oxidation of CYSTEINE. Two molecules of cysteine are joined together by a disulfide bridge to form cystine.
adenosineA nucleoside that is composed of ADENINE and D-RIBOSE. Adenosine or adenosine derivatives play many important biological roles in addition to being components of DNA and RNA. Adenosine itself is a neurotransmitter.
GlutamineA non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and is involved in many metabolic processes. It is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID and AMMONIA. It is the principal carrier of NITROGEN in the body and is an important energy source for many cells.
WaterA clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
OxygenAn element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.
5-methyltetrahydrofolate
Pyruvic AcidAn intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed)
sulfitesInorganic salts of sulfurous acid.
s-sulphocysteineresidues in physiologically significant proteins treated with sulfite; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure
alpha-Ketoglutarate
2-ketobutyrate
3-mercaptopyruvate
glutamate
adenosine triphosphateAn adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter.
CysteineA thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.
cysteine sulfinate
s-adenosylmethioninePhysiologic methyl radical donor involved in enzymatic transmethylation reactions and present in all living organisms. It possesses anti-inflammatory activity and has been used in treatment of chronic liver disease. (From Merck, 11th ed)