Page last updated: 2024-10-06

Citrate cycle ( Citrate cycle )

Proteins (21)

ProteinSynonymsTaxonomy
Succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit, mitochondrialEC 1.3.5.1; Iron-sulfur subunit of complex II; IpHomo sapiens (human)
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase [GTP], mitochondrialPEPCK-M; EC 4.1.1.32Homo sapiens (human)
ATP-citrate synthaseEC 2.3.3.8; ATP-citrate (pro-S-)-lyase; ACL; Citrate cleavage enzymeHomo sapiens (human)
Succinate--CoA ligase [ADP-forming] subunit beta, mitochondrialEC 6.2.1.5; ATP-specific succinyl-CoA synthetase subunit beta; A-SCS; Succinyl-CoA synthetase beta-A chain; SCS-betaAHomo sapiens (human)
Citrate synthase, mitochondrialEC 2.3.3.1; Citrate (Si)-synthaseHomo sapiens (human)
Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] subunit alpha, mitochondrialEC 1.1.1.41; Isocitric dehydrogenase subunit alpha; NAD(+)-specific ICDH subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
Succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit, mitochondrialEC 1.3.5.1; Flavoprotein subunit of complex II; FpHomo sapiens (human)
Malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrialEC 1.1.1.37Homo sapiens (human)
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, cytosolic [GTP]PEPCK-C; EC 4.1.1.32; Serine-protein kinase PCK1; 2.7.11.-Homo sapiens (human)
2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial EC 1.2.4.2; 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex component E1; OGDC-E1; Alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenaseHomo sapiens (human)
Cytoplasmic aconitate hydrataseAconitase; EC 4.2.1.3; Citrate hydro-lyase; Ferritin repressor protein; Iron regulatory protein 1; IRP1; Iron-responsive element-binding protein 1; IRE-BP 1Homo sapiens (human)
Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrialAconitase; EC 4.2.1.3; Citrate hydro-lyaseHomo sapiens (human)
Malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmicEC 1.1.1.37; Cytosolic malate dehydrogenase; Diiodophenylpyruvate reductase; 1.1.1.96Homo sapiens (human)
Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrialEC 1.8.1.4; Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase; Glycine cleavage system L proteinHomo sapiens (human)
Pyruvate carboxylase, mitochondrialEC 6.4.1.1; Pyruvic carboxylase; PCBHomo sapiens (human)
Succinate--CoA ligase [ADP/GDP-forming] subunit alpha, mitochondrialEC 6.2.1.4; EC 6.2.1.5; Succinyl-CoA synthetase subunit alpha; SCS-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
Dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase component of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrialEC 2.3.1.61; 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex component E2; OGDC-E2; Dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase component of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex; E2KHomo sapiens (human)
Succinate--CoA ligase [GDP-forming] subunit beta, mitochondrialEC 6.2.1.4; GTP-specific succinyl-CoA synthetase subunit beta; G-SCS; GTPSCS; Succinyl-CoA synthetase beta-G chain; SCS-betaGHomo sapiens (human)
Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] subunit beta, mitochondrialIsocitric dehydrogenase subunit beta; NAD(+)-specific ICDH subunit betaHomo sapiens (human)
Fumarate hydratase, mitochondrialFumarase; HsFH; EC 4.2.1.2Homo sapiens (human)
Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] subunit gamma, mitochondrialIsocitric dehydrogenase subunit gamma; NAD(+)-specific ICDH subunit gammaHomo sapiens (human)

Compounds (27)

CompoundDescription
phosphoric acidconcise etchant is 37% H3PO4
pyruvic acidAn intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed)
succinic acidA water-soluble, colorless crystal with an acid taste that is used as a chemical intermediate, in medicine, the manufacture of lacquers, and to make perfume esters. It is also used in foods as a sequestrant, buffer, and a neutralizing agent. (Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed, p1099; McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1851)
Thiamine PyrophosphateThe coenzyme form of Vitamin B1 present in many animal tissues. It is a required intermediate in the PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX and the KETOGLUTARATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX.
Carbon DioxideA colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals.
citric acid, anhydrous
NADH
fumaric acidsee also record for ferrous fumarate; use FUMARATES for general fumaric acid esters
Adenosine TriphosphateAn adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter.
adenosine diphosphateAdenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position.
WaterA clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
guanosine diphosphateA guanine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety.
guanosine triphosphateGuanosine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety.
phosphoenolpyruvateA monocarboxylic acid anion derived from selective deprotonation of the carboxy group of phosphoenolpyruvic acid. It is a metabolic intermediate in GLYCOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS; and other pathways.
isocitric acidRN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd
alpha-ketoglutaric acid
ubiquinol-10reduced form of coenzyme Q10
ubiquinone q2interacts with iron atom to form acceptor quinone complex; RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation
NADA coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-diphosphate coupled to adenosine 5'-phosphate by pyrophosphate linkage. It is found widely in nature and is involved in numerous enzymatic reactions in which it serves as an electron carrier by being alternately oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH). (Dorland, 27th ed)
lipoamideRN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation
succinyl-coenzyme a
oxaloacetic acidA dicarboxylic acid ketone that is an important metabolic intermediate of the CITRIC ACID CYCLE. It can be converted to ASPARTIC ACID by ASPARTATE TRANSAMINASE.
malic acid
acetyl coenzyme aAcetyl CoA participates in the biosynthesis of fatty acids and sterols, in the oxidation of fatty acids and in the metabolism of many amino acids. It also acts as a biological acetylating agent.
aconitic acidA tricarboxylic acid with the formula (COOH)-CH2-C(COOH)=CH-COOH.
dihydrolipoamideRN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation
coenzyme a