Page last updated: 2024-10-06
Bile acid and bile salt metabolism
Proteins (30)
| Protein | Synonyms | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Cholesterol 24-hydroxylase | CH24H; EC 1.14.14.25; Cholesterol 24-monooxygenase; Cholesterol 24S-hydroxylase; Cytochrome P450 46A1 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Very long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase | VLACS; VLCS; EC 6.2.1.-; Arachidonate--CoA ligase; 6.2.1.15; Fatty acid transport protein 2; FATP-2; Fatty-acid-coenzyme A ligase, very long-chain 1; Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase; 6.2.1.3; Phytanate--CoA ligase; 6.2.1.24; Solute carrier family 27 mem | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Bile acyl-CoA synthetase | BACS; EC 6.2.1.7; Bile acid-CoA ligase; BA-CoA ligase; BAL; Cholate--CoA ligase; Fatty acid transport protein 5; FATP-5; Fatty-acid-coenzyme A ligase, very long-chain 3; Solute carrier family 27 member 5; Very long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase homolog 2; VLC | Homo sapiens (human) |
| ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3 | EC 7.6.2.-; EC 7.6.2.2; EC 7.6.2.3; Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 2; Multi-specific organic anion transporter D; MOAT-D; Multidrug resistance-associated protein 3 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Bile acid receptor | Farnesoid X-activated receptor; Farnesol receptor HRR-1; Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group H member 4; Retinoid X receptor-interacting protein 14; RXR-interacting protein 14 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1 | Liver-specific organic anion transporter 1; LST-1; OATP-C; Sodium-independent organic anion-transporting polypeptide 2; OATP-2; Solute carrier family 21 member 6 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Albumin | Homo sapiens (human) | |
| Retinoic acid receptor RXR-alpha | Nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group B member 1; Retinoid X receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Sterol 26-hydroxylase, mitochondrial | EC 1.14.15.15; 5-beta-cholestane-3-alpha,7-alpha,12-alpha-triol 26-hydroxylase; Cytochrome P-450C27/25; Cytochrome P450 27; Sterol 27-hydroxylase; Vitamin D(3) 25-hydroxylase | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Nuclear receptor coactivator 1 | NCoA-1; EC 2.3.1.48; Class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 74; bHLHe74; Protein Hin-2; RIP160; Renal carcinoma antigen NY-REN-52; Steroid receptor coactivator 1; SRC-1 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase | EC 5.1.99.4; 2-methylacyl-CoA racemase | Homo sapiens (human) |
| StAR-related lipid transfer protein 5 | START domain-containing protein 5; StARD5 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Oxysterol-binding protein 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | |
| Gastrotropin | GT; Fatty acid-binding protein 6; Ileal lipid-binding protein; ILBP; Intestinal 15 kDa protein; I-15P; Intestinal bile acid-binding protein; I-BABP | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Nuclear receptor coactivator 2 | NCoA-2; Class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 75; bHLHe75; Transcriptional intermediary factor 2; hTIF2 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Bile salt export pump | EC 7.6.2.-; ATP-binding cassette sub-family B member 11 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2 | OATP-A; Organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1; OATP-1; Sodium-independent organic anion transporter; Solute carrier family 21 member 3 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Ileal sodium/bile acid cotransporter | Apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter; ASBT; Ileal Na(+)/bile acid cotransporter; Ileal sodium-dependent bile acid transporter; IBAT; ISBT; Na(+)-dependent ileal bile acid transporter; Sodium/taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide, ileal; Solute | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Sodium/bile acid cotransporter | Cell growth-inhibiting gene 29 protein; Na(+)/bile acid cotransporter; Na(+)/taurocholate transport protein; Sodium/taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide; Solute carrier family 10 member 1 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Organic solute transporter subunit alpha | OST-alpha; Solute carrier family 51 subunit alpha | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3 | Liver-specific organic anion transporter 2; LST-2; Organic anion transporter 8; Organic anion-transporting polypeptide 8; OATP-8; Solute carrier family 21 member 8 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Peroxisomal multifunctional enzyme type 2 | MFE-2; 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 4; 17-beta-HSD 4; D-bifunctional protein; DBP; Multifunctional protein 2; MFP-2; Short chain dehydrogenase/reductase family 8C member 1 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 2 | EC 1.17.99.3; 3-alpha,7-alpha,12-alpha-trihydroxy-5-beta-cholestanoyl-CoA 24-hydroxylase; 3-alpha,7-alpha,12-alpha-trihydroxy-5-beta-cholestanoyl-CoA oxidase; Trihydroxycoprostanoyl-CoA oxidase; THCA-CoA oxidase; THCCox | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase | BACAT; BAT; EC 2.3.1.65; Bile acid-CoA thioesterase; Choloyl-CoA hydrolase; 3.1.2.27; Glycine N-choloyltransferase; Long-chain fatty-acyl-CoA hydrolase; 3.1.2.2 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 8 | Acyl-CoA thioesterase 8; EC 3.1.2.1; EC 3.1.2.11; EC 3.1.2.2; EC 3.1.2.3; EC 3.1.2.5; Choloyl-coenzyme A thioesterase; 3.1.2.27; HIV-Nef-associated acyl-CoA thioesterase; Peroxisomal acyl-CoA thioesterase 2; PTE-2; Peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A thioester hy | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase | EC 1.14.99.38; Cholesterol 25-monooxygenase; h25OH | Homo sapiens (human) |
| 24-hydroxycholesterol 7-alpha-hydroxylase | EC 1.14.14.26; Cytochrome P450 39A1; hCYP39A1; Oxysterol 7-alpha-hydroxylase | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member D1 | EC 1.3.1.3; 3-oxo-5-beta-steroid 4-dehydrogenase; Delta(4)-3-ketosteroid 5-beta-reductase; Delta(4)-3-oxosteroid 5-beta-reductase | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Organic solute transporter subunit beta | OST-beta; Solute carrier family 51 subunit beta | Homo sapiens (human) |
| 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 7 | 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type VII; 3-beta-HSD VII; 3-beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-C27 steroid oxidoreductase; C(27) 3-beta-HSD; 1.1.1.-; Cholest-5-ene-3-beta,7-alpha-diol 3-beta-dehydrogenase; 1.1.1.181 | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (37)
| Compound | Description |
|---|---|
| hydronium ion | |
| NADH | |
| deoxycholic acid | A bile acid formed by bacterial action from cholate. It is usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. Deoxycholic acid acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption, is reabsorbed itself, and is used as a choleretic and detergent. |
| iron | A metallic element with atomic symbol Fe, atomic number 26, and atomic weight 55.85. It is an essential constituent of HEMOGLOBINS; CYTOCHROMES; and IRON-BINDING PROTEINS. It plays a role in cellular redox reactions and in the transport of OXYGEN. |
| Orthophosphate | |
| Cholesterol | The principal sterol of all higher animals, distributed in body tissues, especially the brain and spinal cord, and in animal fats and oils. |
| adenosine diphosphate | Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position. |
| Hydrogen Peroxide | A strong oxidizing agent used in aqueous solution as a ripening agent, bleach, and topical anti-infective. It is relatively unstable and solutions deteriorate over time unless stabilized by the addition of acetanilide or similar organic materials. |
| Sodium | A member of the alkali group of metals. It has the atomic symbol Na, atomic number 11, and atomic weight 23. |
| Water | A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) |
| Oxygen | An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration. |
| 7,25-dihydroxycholesterol | has various immunosupressive effects; RN given refers to (3beta)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 12/88 |
| 24-hydroxycholesterol | |
| 3,7,12-trihydroxycholestan-26-oic acid | RN given refers to (3alpha,5beta,7alpha,12alpha)-isomer |
| 7 alpha-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one | structure |
| adenosine monophosphate | Adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-position. |
| nad | A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-diphosphate coupled to adenosine 5'-phosphate by pyrophosphate linkage. It is found widely in nature and is involved in numerous enzymatic reactions in which it serves as an electron carrier by being alternately oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH). (Dorland, 27th ed) |
| NADP | Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) coupled by pyrophosphate linkage to the 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate. It serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH). (Dorland, 27th ed) |
| NADP | Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) coupled by pyrophosphate linkage to the 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate. It serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH). (Dorland, 27th ed) |
| 3,7,12-trihydroxycoprostane | intermediate in bile acid synthesis in liver; enhances rate of porphyrin synthesis in cultured liver cells by induction of delta-aminolevulinic acid synthetase; RN given refers to (3alpha,5beta,7alpha,12alpha)-isomer; structure |
| cholestane-3,7,12,26-tetrol | precursor of cholic acid biosyn in man; RN given refers to (3alpha,5beta,7alpha,12alpha)-isomer |
| 7 alpha,12 alpha,26-trihydroxy-5 beta-cholestan-3-one | structure in first source |
| dihydroxycoprostane | intermediate in bile acid synthesis in the liver; enhance rate of prophyrin synthesis in cultured liver cells by induction of delta-aminolevulinic acid synthetase; RN given refers to (3alpha,5beta,7alpha)-isomer; structure |
| 7 alpha,12 alpha-dihydroxy-5-cholesten-3-one | inermediate in bile acid biosynthesis |
| cholestane-3,7,26-triol | |
| 3,7,12-trihydroxycholestan-26-al | structure in first source |
| cholest-5-ene-3,7,27-triol | |
| adenosine triphosphate | An adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter. |
| cholest-5-en-3 beta,7 alpha-diol | substrate for hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase; RN given refers to (3beta,7alpha)-isomer |
| 7 alpha,26-dihydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one | |
| Coenzyme A | |
| Dicyclomine | A muscarinic antagonist used as an antispasmodic and in urinary incontinence. It has little effect on glandular secretion or the cardiovascular system. It does have some local anesthetic properties and is used in gastrointestinal, biliary, and urinary tract spasms. |
| Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide | A condensation product of riboflavin and adenosine diphosphate. The coenzyme of various aerobic dehydrogenases, e.g., D-amino acid oxidase and L-amino acid oxidase. (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p972) |
| creolin | from refined coal tar oils |
| 25-hydroxycholesterol | |
| propionyl-coenzyme a | RN given refers to parent cpd |
| cholest-5-ene-3 beta,26-diol | isolated from human brain |