Page last updated: 2024-10-06
Aflatoxin activation and detoxification
Proteins (18)
| Protein | Synonyms | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Cytochrome P450 1A2 | EC 1.14.14.1; CYPIA2; Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase; Cytochrome P(3)450; Cytochrome P450 4; Cytochrome P450-P3; Hydroperoxy icosatetraenoate dehydratase; 4.2.1.152 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 3 | Microsomal GST-3; Glutathione peroxidase MGST3; 1.11.1.-; LTC4 synthase MGST3; 4.4.1.20; Microsomal glutathione S-transferase III; Microsomal GST-III | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Cytochrome P450 2A13 | EC 1.14.14.1; CYPIIA13 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 | Microsomal GST-1; EC 2.5.1.18; Microsomal GST-I | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Dipeptidase 1 | EC 3.4.13.19; Beta-lactamase; 3.5.2.6; Dehydropeptidase-I; Microsomal dipeptidase; Renal dipeptidase; hRDP | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Dipeptidase 2 | EC 3.4.13.19 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Dipeptidase 3 | EC 3.4.13.19 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Glutathione hydrolase 1 proenzyme | EC 3.4.19.13; Gamma-glutamyltransferase 1; Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase 1; GGT 1; 2.3.2.2; Leukotriene-C4 hydrolase; 3.4.19.14 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 2 | Microsomal GST-2; EC 2.5.1.18; Glutathione peroxidase MGST2; 1.11.1.-; Leukotriene C4 synthase MGST2; 4.4.1.20; Microsomal glutathione S-transferase II; Microsomal GST-II | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Aflatoxin B1 aldehyde reductase member 2 | EC 1.1.1.n11; AFB1 aldehyde reductase 1; AFB1-AR 1; Aldoketoreductase 7; Succinic semialdehyde reductase; SSA reductase | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Aminoacylase-1 | ACY-1; EC 3.5.1.14; N-acyl-L-amino-acid amidohydrolase | Homo sapiens (human) |
| N-acyl-aromatic-L-amino acid amidohydrolase (carboxylate-forming) | EC 3.5.1.114; Acylase III; Aminoacylase-3; ACY-3; Aspartoacylase-2; Hepatitis C virus core-binding protein 1; HCBP1; HCV core-binding protein 1 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Putative glutathione hydrolase 3 proenzyme | EC 3.4.19.13; Gamma-glutamyltransferase 3; Putative gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase 3; GGT 3; 2.3.2.2 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Aflatoxin B1 aldehyde reductase member 3 | EC 1.-.-.-; AFB1 aldehyde reductase 2; AFB1-AR 2 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Glutathione hydrolase 5 proenzyme | EC 3.4.19.13; Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase-related enzyme; GGT-rel; Gamma-glutamyltransferase 5; GGT 5; 2.3.2.2; Gamma-glutamyltransferase-like activity 1; Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase 5; Leukotriene-C4 hydrolase; 3.4.19.14 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Glutathione hydrolase 6 | EC 3.4.19.13; Gamma-glutamyltransferase 6; GGT 6; 2.3.2.2; Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase 6 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Aflatoxin B1 aldehyde reductase member 4 | EC 1.-.-.-; AFB1 aldehyde reductase 3; AFB1-AR 3; Aldoketoreductase 7-like | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Glutathione hydrolase 7 | EC 3.4.19.13; Gamma-glutamyltransferase 7; GGT 7; 2.3.2.2; Gamma-glutamyltransferase-like 3; Gamma-glutamyltransferase-like 5; Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase 7 | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (15)
| Compound | Description |
|---|---|
| hydronium ion | |
| acetic acid | Product of the oxidation of ethanol and of the destructive distillation of wood. It is used locally, occasionally internally, as a counterirritant and also as a reagent. (Stedman, 26th ed) |
| Zinc | A metallic element of atomic number 30 and atomic weight 65.38. It is a necessary trace element in the diet, forming an essential part of many enzymes, and playing an important role in protein synthesis and in cell division. Zinc deficiency is associated with ANEMIA, short stature, HYPOGONADISM, impaired WOUND HEALING, and geophagia. It is known by the symbol Zn. |
| Water | A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) |
| Oxygen | An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration. |
| aflatoxin b1-2,3-oxide | |
| aflatoxin q1 | |
| NADP | Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) coupled by pyrophosphate linkage to the 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate. It serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH). (Dorland, 27th ed) |
| NADP | Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) coupled by pyrophosphate linkage to the 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate. It serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH). (Dorland, 27th ed) |
| glutamate | |
| aflatoxin m1 | A 4-hydroxylated metabolite of AFLATOXIN B1, one of the MYCOTOXINS from ASPERGILLUS tainted food. It is associated with LIVER damage and cancer resulting from its P450 activation to the epoxide which alkylates DNA. Toxicity depends on the balance of liver enzymes that activate it (CYTOCHROME P-450) and others that detoxify it (GLUTATHIONE S TRANSFERASE) (Pharmac Ther 50.443 1991). Primates & rat are sensitive while mouse and hamster are tolerant (Canc Res 29.236 1969). |
| aflatoxin b1 | A potent hepatotoxic and hepatocarcinogenic mycotoxin produced by the Aspergillus flavus group of fungi. It is also mutagenic, teratogenic, and causes immunosuppression in animals. It is found as a contaminant in peanuts, cottonseed meal, corn, and other grains. The mycotoxin requires epoxidation to aflatoxin B1 2,3-oxide for activation. Microsomal monooxygenases biotransform the toxin to the less toxic metabolites aflatoxin M1 and Q1. |
| Coenzyme A | |
| 2,3-dihydro-2,3-dihydroxyaflatoxin B(1), 14C-labeled | |
| Acetyl Coenzyme A | Acetyl CoA participates in the biosynthesis of fatty acids and sterols, in the oxidation of fatty acids and in the metabolism of many amino acids. It also acts as a biological acetylating agent. |