Page last updated: 2024-10-06

Activation of the phototransduction cascade

Proteins (10)

ProteinSynonymsTaxonomy
Rod cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase subunit alphaGMP-PDE alpha; EC 3.1.4.35; PDE V-B1Homo sapiens (human)
RhodopsinOpsin-2Homo sapiens (human)
Retinal rod rhodopsin-sensitive cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase subunit gammaGMP-PDE gamma; EC 3.1.4.35Homo sapiens (human)
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1Transducin beta chain 1Homo sapiens (human)
Cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel beta-1 Cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel 4; CNG channel 4; CNG-4; CNG4; Cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel gamma; Cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel modulatory subunit; Cyclic nucleotide-gated channel beta-1; CNG channel beta-1; Glutamic acid-rich pHomo sapiens (human)
Rod cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase subunit betaGMP-PDE beta; EC 3.1.4.35Homo sapiens (human)
S-arrestin48 kDa protein; Retinal S-antigen; S-AG; Rod photoreceptor arrestinHomo sapiens (human)
cGMP-gated cation channel alpha-1Cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel 1; Cyclic nucleotide-gated channel alpha-1; CNG channel alpha-1; CNG-1; CNG1; Cyclic nucleotide-gated channel, photoreceptor; Rod photoreceptor cGMP-gated channel subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
Sodium/potassium/calcium exchanger 1Na(+)/K(+)/Ca(2+)-exchange protein 1; Retinal rod Na-Ca+K exchanger; Solute carrier family 24 member 1Homo sapiens (human)
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1Transducin gamma chainHomo sapiens (human)

Compounds (8)

CompoundDescription
CalciumA basic element found in nearly all tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.
potassiumAn element in the alkali group of metals with an atomic symbol K, atomic number 19, and atomic weight 39.10. It is the chief cation in the intracellular fluid of muscle and other cells. Potassium ion is a strong electrolyte that plays a significant role in the regulation of fluid volume and maintenance of the WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE.
SodiumA member of the alkali group of metals. It has the atomic symbol Na, atomic number 11, and atomic weight 23.
WaterA clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Guanosine MonophosphateA guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety and found widely in nature.
cyclic gmpGuanosine cyclic 3',5'-(hydrogen phosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to the sugar moiety in both the 3'- and 5'-positions. It is a cellular regulatory agent and has been described as a second messenger. Its levels increase in response to a variety of hormones, including acetylcholine, insulin, and oxytocin and it has been found to activate specific protein kinases. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
Guanosine DiphosphateA guanine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety.
Guanosine MonophosphateA guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety and found widely in nature.