| chenodeoxycholic acid | A bile acid, usually conjugated with either glycine or taurine. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption and is reabsorbed by the small intestine. It is used as cholagogue, a choleretic laxative, and to prevent or dissolve gallstones. |
| taurine | A conditionally essential nutrient, important during mammalian development. It is present in milk but is isolated mostly from ox bile and strongly conjugates bile acids. |
| cholic acid | A major primary bile acid produced in the liver and usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. It facilitates fat absorption and cholesterol excretion. |
| deoxycholic acid | A bile acid formed by bacterial action from cholate. It is usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. Deoxycholic acid acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption, is reabsorbed itself, and is used as a choleretic and detergent. |
| NADH | |
| Adenosine Triphosphate | An adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter. |
| Cholesterol | The principal sterol of all higher animals, distributed in body tissues, especially the brain and spinal cord, and in animal fats and oils. |
| adenosine diphosphate | Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position. |
| taurocholic acid | The product of conjugation of cholic acid with taurine. Its sodium salt is the chief ingredient of the bile of carnivorous animals. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as a cholagogue and cholerectic. |
| Water | A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) |
| Oxygen | An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration. |
| palmitic acid | A common saturated fatty acid found in fats and waxes including olive oil, palm oil, and body lipids. |
| Coenzyme A | |
| cholestane-3,7,26-triol | |
| 25-hydroxycholesterol | |
| glycolithocholic acid | RN given refers to (3alpha,5beta)-isomer |
| 7,25-dihydroxycholesterol | has various immunosupressive effects; RN given refers to (3beta)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 12/88 |
| 24-hydroxycholesterol | |
| 3,7,12-trihydroxycholestan-26-oic acid | RN given refers to (3alpha,5beta,7alpha,12alpha)-isomer |
| 7 alpha-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one | structure |
| 27-hydroxycholesterol | |
| 3,7,12-trihydroxycoprostane | intermediate in bile acid synthesis in liver; enhances rate of porphyrin synthesis in cultured liver cells by induction of delta-aminolevulinic acid synthetase; RN given refers to (3alpha,5beta,7alpha,12alpha)-isomer; structure |
| cholestane-3,7,12,26-tetrol | precursor of cholic acid biosyn in man; RN given refers to (3alpha,5beta,7alpha,12alpha)-isomer |
| dihydroxycoprostane | intermediate in bile acid synthesis in the liver; enhance rate of prophyrin synthesis in cultured liver cells by induction of delta-aminolevulinic acid synthetase; RN given refers to (3alpha,5beta,7alpha)-isomer; structure |
| 3,7-dihydroxy-5-cholestenoic acid | found in patients with liver disease |
| 7 alpha-hydroxy-3-oxo-4-cholestenoic acid | unconjugated bile acid found in human blood; structure given in first source |
| 3,7,12-trihydroxycholestan-26-al | structure in first source |
| cholest-5-ene-3,7,27-triol | |
| NAD | A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-diphosphate coupled to adenosine 5'-phosphate by pyrophosphate linkage. It is found widely in nature and is involved in numerous enzymatic reactions in which it serves as an electron carrier by being alternately oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH). (Dorland, 27th ed) |
| sodium taurodeoxycholate | |
| taurochenodeoxycholic acid | A bile salt formed in the liver by conjugation of chenodeoxycholate with taurine, usually as the sodium salt. It acts as detergent to solubilize fats in the small intestine and is itself absorbed. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic. |
| Adenosine 3'-Phosphate | |
| creolin | from refined coal tar oils |
| pyrophosphate | |
| lithocholic acid | A bile acid formed from chenodeoxycholate by bacterial action, usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as cholagogue and choleretic. |