zolpidem has been researched along with Chronic Insomnia in 375 studies
Zolpidem: An imidazopyridine derivative and short-acting GABA-A receptor agonist that is used for the treatment of INSOMNIA.
zolpidem : An imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine compound having a 4-tolyl group at the 2-position, an N,N-dimethylcarbamoylmethyl group at the 3-position and a methyl substituent at the 6-position.
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "This study aimed to evaluate the effects of zolpidem CR (controlled release) on sleep and nocturnal ventilation in patients with congestive heart failure, a population at risk for insomnia and poor sleep quality." | 9.22 | Effects of Zolpidem CR on Sleep and Nocturnal Ventilation in Patients with Heart Failure. ( Almeida, DR; Burke, PR; Gatti, RC; Otuyama, LJ; Poyares, D; Tufik, S, 2016) |
| "To compare the effects of paroxetine with or without zolpidem on depression with insomnia." | 9.12 | [Effects of paroxetine with or without zolpidem on depression with insomnia: a multi-center randomized comparative study]. ( Chen, ZQ; Ji, JL; Liu, WJ; Mei, QY; Pan, JY; Tao, M; Wang, YP; Wei, J; Zhang, N; Zhao, ZX; Zheng, AL, 2007) |
| " The aim of this double-blind study was to compare, in a large primary care population of chronic insomniacs (> 4 weeks duration) the efficacy and safety of zolpidem 10 mg 5 nights/week and placebo 2 nights/week, to that of nightly zolpidem." | 9.10 | Continuous versus non-nightly use of zolpidem in chronic insomnia: results of a large-scale, double-blind, randomized, outpatient study. ( Cluydts, R; Declerck, A; Estivill, SE; Hajak, G; Middleton, A; Sonka, K; Unden, M, 2002) |
| "In a parallel-group, placebo-controlled, polysomnographic study with randomization, the possible occurrence of rebound insomnia was evaluated in 24 patients suffering from moderate to severe chronic insomnia and receiving either triazolam 0." | 9.07 | Zolpidem and rebound insomnia--a double-blind, controlled polysomnographic study in chronic insomniac patients. ( Attali, P; de la Giclais, B; Monti, D; Monti, JM; Morselli, PL; Zipfel, A, 1994) |
| "A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group multicenter trial was conducted to determine the effectiveness of 10 mg and 15 mg of zolpidem in the long-term (35 nights) treatment of chronic insomnia in 75 patients." | 9.07 | A multicenter, placebo-controlled study evaluating zolpidem in the treatment of chronic insomnia. ( Roth, T; Scharf, MB; Vogel, GW; Walsh, JK, 1994) |
| "The effects of a 15 day treatment with zolpidem (10 mg) and with flunitrazepam (1 mg) on Insomnia Disorders Related to Depressive Disorders (DSM-III-R) have been evaluated on 30 depressive in-patients (mean age 42." | 9.07 | [Treatment of insomnia related to depressive disorders. Effects of zolpidem versus flunitrazepam administration and withdrawal evaluated in a double-blind study]. ( Balsamo, EL; Ciapparelli, A; Gemignani, A; Guazzelli, M; Sarteschi, P, 1993) |
| "To identify and analyze postmarketing cases of complex sleep behaviors (CSBs) resulting in serious injuries, including death, associated with eszopiclone, zaleplon, or zolpidem (Z-drugs)." | 9.05 | Association of eszopiclone, zaleplon, or zolpidem with complex sleep behaviors resulting in serious injuries, including death. ( Chan, V; Croteau, D; Harbourt, K; Nevo, ON; Zhang, R, 2020) |
| "The REST-IT study found the addition of zolpidem-controlled release (CR) provided a significant reduction in observer-rated measurement of suicidal ideation (the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale) in 103 depressed outpatients with insomnia and suicidal ideation, but without significant change in a self-report measure of suicidal ideation (the Scale for Suicide Ideation)." | 8.31 | The effect of zolpidem-CR on the suicide item of the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression in outpatients with depression, insomnia and suicidal ideation: Lessons learned. ( Benca, RM; Dzurny, TN; Krystal, AD; Looney, SW; McCall, WV; McCloud, LL; Mercado, K; Rosenquist, PB, 2023) |
| "A retrospective cohort study was conducted using IBM MarketScan Commercial and Medicare Supplemental Databases to identify adults with: (1) ≥1 ICD-9/ICD-10 code for depression; (2) ≥1 commonly prescribed medication for insomnia (zolpidem immediate release [IR], zolpidem extended release [ER], trazodone, or benzodiazepines); and (3) ≥12 months of eligibility before and after initiating insomnia medication." | 8.12 | Incremental health care resource use and costs among adult patients with depression and treated for insomnia with zolpidem, trazodone, or benzodiazepines. ( Amari, DT; Frech, F; Gor, D; Juday, TR; Malhotra, M; Wickwire, EM, 2022) |
| "The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of zolpidem for improving post-operative sleep quality among patients with infective endocarditis (IE) and to identify the potential risk factors for impaired sleep quality at 6 months after surgery." | 8.12 | Zolpidem improves patients' sleep quality after surgical treatment for infective endocarditis: a prospective observational study. ( Hu, X; Huang, D; Huang, F; Huang, X; Jia, F; Li, X; Liao, H; Lin, C; Lu, F; Wei, W; Yu, Z, 2022) |
| "A high dose of zolpidem may contribute to interruption to the neurons function involved in the sneezing pathway." | 7.88 | Zolpidem-induced sneezing: A case report of positive rechallenge. ( Amraei, R; Babaeian, M; Parsa, A, 2018) |
| "The relative risk for hip fractures for suvorexant used in the model was based on data from pre-approval clinical trials." | 7.88 | Cost-effectiveness analysis of suvorexant for the treatment of Japanese elderly patients with chronic insomnia in a virtual cohort. ( Nakao, M; Nishimura, S, 2018) |
| "This nationwide population-based study was carried out in Taiwan with the aim of comparing the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in women who received zolpidem treatment for insomnia during pregnancy with that in women who did not." | 7.76 | Increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in women receiving zolpidem during pregnancy. ( Chen, YH; Lin, CC; Lin, HC; Wang, LH, 2010) |
| " Zolpidem and acupressure safety profiling showed no severe adverse effect other that drowsiness, nausea and daytime sleeping already reported in literature of zolpidem." | 7.01 | Effectiveness and safety profiling of zolpidem and acupressure in CKD associated pruritus: An interventional study. ( Ahmed, R; Chan, KG; Khan, NA; Khan, TM; Lee, LH; Munib, S; Rahman, AU; Rehman, AU; Rehman, IU; Shah, Y; Wu, DBC, 2021) |
| " Adverse events were similar with almorexant and placebo." | 6.84 | Efficacy and safety of almorexant in adult chronic insomnia: a randomized placebo-controlled trial with an active reference. ( Berkani, O; Black, J; Hajak, G; Hedner, J; Hmissi, A; Mangialaio, S; Pillar, G; Polo, O; Zammit, G, 2017) |
| " Subjects were administered study medication 30 minutes before bedtime and were awakened 2 hours after dosing to evaluate balance (Sensory Organization Test), turning speed and stability, memory (immediate and delayed word recall), and adverse events." | 6.74 | Effect of ramelteon on middle-of-the-night balance in older adults with chronic insomnia. ( Peng, X; Rosenthal, M; Wang-Weigand, S; Zammit, G, 2009) |
| "Previous research has shown that after one month of full dose nightly treatment with zolpidem (priming), subjects with chronic insomnia (CI) switched to intermittent dosing with medication and placebos were able to maintain their treatment responses." | 5.41 | Durability of treatment response to zolpidem using a partial reinforcement regimen: does this strategy require priming? ( Ader, R; Gooneratne, N; Grandner, MA; Kaptchuk, TJ; Morales, KH; Muench, A; Perlis, ML; Seewald, M; Thase, ME; Vargas, I, 2021) |
| "REST-IT, a, 8-week double-blind RCT, compared zolpidem extended-release (ER) versus placebo at bedtime in 103 adults with major depressive disorder with insomnia and suicidal ideation, and who received open label selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors." | 5.41 | Blinding and bias in a hypnotic clinical trial. ( Benca, RM; Krystal, AD; McCall, WV; Rumble, ME, 2021) |
| "We examined the association of insomnia, eveningness, seasonality, and rhythmicity with suicidal ideation in 103 participants with depression, insomnia, and suicidality within a larger 8-week double-blinded randomized control trial primarily examining whether cautious use of zolpidem extended-release or placebo reduced suicidal ideation." | 5.34 | An exploratory analysis of the association of circadian rhythm dysregulation and insomnia with suicidal ideation over the course of treatment in individuals with depression, insomnia, and suicidal ideation. ( Benca, RM; Dickson, DA; Krystal, AD; McCall, WV; Rosenquist, PB; Rumble, ME, 2020) |
| "The authors sought to determine whether targeted treatment of insomnia with controlled-release zolpidem (zolpidem-CR) in suicidal adults with insomnia would provide a reduction in suicidal ideation superior to placebo." | 5.30 | Reducing Suicidal Ideation Through Insomnia Treatment (REST-IT): A Randomized Clinical Trial. ( Benca, RM; Case, D; Krystal, AD; McCall, WV; McCloud, L; Newman, JC; Phillips, M; Rosenquist, PB; Rumble, ME; Szabo, ST; Youssef, NA, 2019) |
| "To document the long-term sleep outcomes at 12 and 24 months after patients with chronic insomnia were treated with cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), either singly or combined with zolpidem medication." | 5.24 | Long-Term Maintenance of Therapeutic Gains Associated With Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia Delivered Alone or Combined With Zolpidem. ( Beaulieu-Bonneau, S; Guay, B; Ivers, H; Morin, CM, 2017) |
| "This study aimed to evaluate the effects of zolpidem CR (controlled release) on sleep and nocturnal ventilation in patients with congestive heart failure, a population at risk for insomnia and poor sleep quality." | 5.22 | Effects of Zolpidem CR on Sleep and Nocturnal Ventilation in Patients with Heart Failure. ( Almeida, DR; Burke, PR; Gatti, RC; Otuyama, LJ; Poyares, D; Tufik, S, 2016) |
| " Participants were 160 individuals with chronic insomnia who received CBT alone or CBT plus medication (zolpidem) for an initial six-week therapy, followed by an extended six-month therapy." | 5.22 | Cognitive-behavior therapy singly and combined with medication for persistent insomnia: Impact on psychological and daytime functioning. ( Beaulieu-Bonneau, S; Bélanger, L; Guay, B; Ivers, H; Mérette, C; Morin, CM; Sánchez Ortuño, M; Savard, J; Vallières, A, 2016) |
| " A total of 74 subjects with chronic Insomnia were treated with 10 mg zolpidem for 4 weeks." | 5.20 | Durability of treatment response to zolpidem with three different maintenance regimens: a preliminary study. ( Ader, R; Andalia, P; Barilla, H; Bootzin, R; Bremer, E; Gehrman, P; Grandner, M; Morales, K; Perlis, M; Thase, M; Whinnery, J; Zee, J, 2015) |
| "To compare the effects of paroxetine with or without zolpidem on depression with insomnia." | 5.12 | [Effects of paroxetine with or without zolpidem on depression with insomnia: a multi-center randomized comparative study]. ( Chen, ZQ; Ji, JL; Liu, WJ; Mei, QY; Pan, JY; Tao, M; Wang, YP; Wei, J; Zhang, N; Zhao, ZX; Zheng, AL, 2007) |
| "This randomised controlled trial was conducted to compare zolpidem to an equivalent dose of temazepam with respect to subjective rebound insomnia after cessation of 4 weeks of treatment in chronic insomnia (zolpidem 10 mg, n=79; temazepam 20 mg, n=84)." | 5.11 | Zolpidem is not superior to temazepam with respect to rebound insomnia: a controlled study. ( van Balkom, AJ; Voshaar, RC; Zitman, FG, 2004) |
| " The aim of this double-blind study was to compare, in a large primary care population of chronic insomniacs (> 4 weeks duration) the efficacy and safety of zolpidem 10 mg 5 nights/week and placebo 2 nights/week, to that of nightly zolpidem." | 5.10 | Continuous versus non-nightly use of zolpidem in chronic insomnia: results of a large-scale, double-blind, randomized, outpatient study. ( Cluydts, R; Declerck, A; Estivill, SE; Hajak, G; Middleton, A; Sonka, K; Unden, M, 2002) |
| "In a parallel-group, placebo-controlled, polysomnographic study with randomization, the possible occurrence of rebound insomnia was evaluated in 24 patients suffering from moderate to severe chronic insomnia and receiving either triazolam 0." | 5.07 | Zolpidem and rebound insomnia--a double-blind, controlled polysomnographic study in chronic insomniac patients. ( Attali, P; de la Giclais, B; Monti, D; Monti, JM; Morselli, PL; Zipfel, A, 1994) |
| "A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group multicenter trial was conducted to determine the effectiveness of 10 mg and 15 mg of zolpidem in the long-term (35 nights) treatment of chronic insomnia in 75 patients." | 5.07 | A multicenter, placebo-controlled study evaluating zolpidem in the treatment of chronic insomnia. ( Roth, T; Scharf, MB; Vogel, GW; Walsh, JK, 1994) |
| "The effects of a 15 day treatment with zolpidem (10 mg) and with flunitrazepam (1 mg) on Insomnia Disorders Related to Depressive Disorders (DSM-III-R) have been evaluated on 30 depressive in-patients (mean age 42." | 5.07 | [Treatment of insomnia related to depressive disorders. Effects of zolpidem versus flunitrazepam administration and withdrawal evaluated in a double-blind study]. ( Balsamo, EL; Ciapparelli, A; Gemignani, A; Guazzelli, M; Sarteschi, P, 1993) |
| " We studied 16 patients with chronic insomnia (sleep latency, greater than or equal to 30 minutes; total sleep time, greater than 240 but less than 420 minutes) for 11 nights who took placebos on nights 1 and 2, zolpidem (imidazopyridine) on nights 3-9 and placebo on nights 10 and 11." | 5.07 | Subjective versus objective evaluation of hypnotic efficacy: experience with zolpidem. ( Kryger, MH; Neufeld, H; Odynski, T; Pouliot, Z; Steljes, D, 1991) |
| "To identify and analyze postmarketing cases of complex sleep behaviors (CSBs) resulting in serious injuries, including death, associated with eszopiclone, zaleplon, or zolpidem (Z-drugs)." | 5.05 | Association of eszopiclone, zaleplon, or zolpidem with complex sleep behaviors resulting in serious injuries, including death. ( Chan, V; Croteau, D; Harbourt, K; Nevo, ON; Zhang, R, 2020) |
| " Pitolisant, a novel histamine-3 receptor antagonist/inverse agonist, gained approval for the treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness in adults with narcolepsy as well as obstructive sleep apnea." | 5.05 | New pharmacologic agents for insomnia and hypersomnia. ( Earl, DC; Van Tyle, KM, 2020) |
| " All three studies demonstrated that zolpidem can be used effectively and safely on a non-daily basis in individuals with chronic insomnia." | 4.82 | Zolpidem 'as needed': methodological issues and clinical findings. ( Cluydts, R, 2004) |
| "We report on the case of a 45-year old female with chronic insomnia and refractory to hypnotics, who also has a - polygraphically documented - tolerance to the imidazopyridine "zolpidem"." | 4.79 | [Sleep disorders--what can be done when hypnotics no longer help? Overview and case report]. ( Hajak, G; Müller-Struck, A; Rüther, E; Staedt, J; Stoppe, G, 1995) |
| "The REST-IT study found the addition of zolpidem-controlled release (CR) provided a significant reduction in observer-rated measurement of suicidal ideation (the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale) in 103 depressed outpatients with insomnia and suicidal ideation, but without significant change in a self-report measure of suicidal ideation (the Scale for Suicide Ideation)." | 4.31 | The effect of zolpidem-CR on the suicide item of the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression in outpatients with depression, insomnia and suicidal ideation: Lessons learned. ( Benca, RM; Dzurny, TN; Krystal, AD; Looney, SW; McCall, WV; McCloud, LL; Mercado, K; Rosenquist, PB, 2023) |
| "A retrospective cohort study was conducted using IBM MarketScan Commercial and Medicare Supplemental Databases to identify adults with: (1) ≥1 ICD-9/ICD-10 code for depression; (2) ≥1 commonly prescribed medication for insomnia (zolpidem immediate release [IR], zolpidem extended release [ER], trazodone, or benzodiazepines); and (3) ≥12 months of eligibility before and after initiating insomnia medication." | 4.12 | Incremental health care resource use and costs among adult patients with depression and treated for insomnia with zolpidem, trazodone, or benzodiazepines. ( Amari, DT; Frech, F; Gor, D; Juday, TR; Malhotra, M; Wickwire, EM, 2022) |
| " The pharmacological effects and safety of zolpidem, a non-benzodiazepine short-acting hypnotic drug belonging to the class of imidazopyridines, which is used in short courses for both acute and transient insomnia and chronic insomnia, are described." | 4.12 | [Clinical aspects of the use of imidazopyridine derivatives in the treatment of sleep disorders associated with post-COVID syndrome]. ( Belyaev, AA; Frolova, VI; Gushanskaya, EV; Kotelnikova, IG; Kotova, OV; Medvedev, VE; Tsareva, EV, 2022) |
| "The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of zolpidem for improving post-operative sleep quality among patients with infective endocarditis (IE) and to identify the potential risk factors for impaired sleep quality at 6 months after surgery." | 4.12 | Zolpidem improves patients' sleep quality after surgical treatment for infective endocarditis: a prospective observational study. ( Hu, X; Huang, D; Huang, F; Huang, X; Jia, F; Li, X; Liao, H; Lin, C; Lu, F; Wei, W; Yu, Z, 2022) |
| "► Chronic insomnia ► Nightly zolpidem use ► Concern for tapering withdrawals." | 4.02 | Successful accelerated taper for sleeping aid. ( Franck, L; Prescott, D; Smith, S, 2021) |
| "Zolpidem is a clinically effective hypnotic medication for treating chronic insomnia." | 4.02 | Impetuous suicidality with zolpidem use: a case report and minireview. ( Brady, M; Cunningham, MG, 2021) |
| "Guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of chronic insomnia in adults recognize that trazodone and other off-label medications are commonly prescribed despite poor evidence." | 3.91 | Prescription Medications for the Treatment of Insomnia and Risk of Suicide Attempt: a Comparative Safety Study. ( Au, A; Bishop, TM; Hur, K; Kane, C; Lavigne, JE; Pigeon, WR, 2019) |
| "A high dose of zolpidem may contribute to interruption to the neurons function involved in the sneezing pathway." | 3.88 | Zolpidem-induced sneezing: A case report of positive rechallenge. ( Amraei, R; Babaeian, M; Parsa, A, 2018) |
| "The relative risk for hip fractures for suvorexant used in the model was based on data from pre-approval clinical trials." | 3.88 | Cost-effectiveness analysis of suvorexant for the treatment of Japanese elderly patients with chronic insomnia in a virtual cohort. ( Nakao, M; Nishimura, S, 2018) |
| "Self-report measures of recent sleep, Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and drug use (Timeline Follow-Back) were collected at each study visit, and the study confirmed self-reported abstinence via quantitative urine drug testing." | 3.83 | Randomized controlled trial of zolpidem as a pharmacotherapy for cannabis use disorder. ( Budney, AJ; Hampson, AJ; Herrmann, ES; Lee, DC; Leoutsakos, J; Martin, EL; Schlienz, NJ; Smith, MT; Tompkins, DA; Vandrey, R, 2024) |
| "This nationwide population-based study was carried out in Taiwan with the aim of comparing the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in women who received zolpidem treatment for insomnia during pregnancy with that in women who did not." | 3.76 | Increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in women receiving zolpidem during pregnancy. ( Chen, YH; Lin, CC; Lin, HC; Wang, LH, 2010) |
| "Zolpidem is an imidazopyridine, a chemically novel nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic agent which acts at the benzodiazepine omega 1-receptor subtype in the brain." | 3.76 | Zolpidem. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic potential. ( Benfield, P; Langtry, HD, 1990) |
| "Employed adults with chronic insomnia treated with zolpidem extended-release 12." | 3.74 | Zolpidem extended-release 12.5 mg associated with improvements in work performance in a 6-month randomized, placebo-controlled trial. ( Erman, M; Guiraud, A; Joish, VN; Lerner, D, 2008) |
| "A 47-year-old white man with a history of bipolar disorder was being maintained on citalopram 40 mg once daily and zolpidem 5 mg at bedtime." | 3.72 | Somnambulism due to probable interaction of valproic acid and zolpidem. ( Bhatia, SC; Petty, F; Ramaswamy, S; Sattar, SP, 2003) |
| "We postulate that hypnagogic or visual hallucinations associated with zolpidem use may be related to rapid withdrawal and restarting of zolpidem." | 3.72 | A novel clinical pattern of visual hallucination after zolpidem use. ( Huang, YB; Tsai, MJ; Wu, PC, 2003) |
| "Zolpidem (Ambien), a relatively new nonbenzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic, was involved in the death of a 39-year-old obese male who was being treated for depression and insomnia." | 3.69 | Zolpidem tissue concentrations in a multiple drug related death involving Ambien. ( Benson, PA; Macapagal, EC; Meeker, JE; Som, CW, 1995) |
| "Patients with chronic insomnia may respond differently to therapeutic modalities." | 3.30 | Comparison of the treatment effectiveness between lemborexant and zolpidem tartrate extended-release for insomnia disorder subtypes defined based on polysomnographic findings. ( Inoue, Y; Ishikawa, K; Koebis, M; Kubota, N; Moline, M; Muramoto, K; Nishida, M; Taninaga, T, 2023) |
| "Symptom assessments using GerdQ and reflux monitoring were performed before and after a 28-day treatment with 5 mg lemborexant at bedtime." | 3.30 | Lemborexant Attenuates Regurgitation without Worsening Objective Parameters on Reflux Monitoring in Patients with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Insomnia: A Single-Arm Proof-of-Concept Study. ( Hoshikawa, Y; Iwakiri, K; Kawami, N; Momma, E, 2023) |
| "Adults with insomnia disorder were randomized 1:1:1:1:1:1 to placebo, zolpidem 10 mg, or daridorexant 5, 10, 25, or 50 mg in a phase II dose-finding study, and 1:1:1 to placebo or daridorexant 25 or 50 mg in a pivotal phase III study." | 3.30 | Number, Duration, and Distribution of Wake Bouts in Patients with Insomnia Disorder: Effect of Daridorexant and Zolpidem. ( Datta, AN; Dauvilliers, Y; Di Marco, T; Meinel, M; Scammell, TE; Seboek Kinter, D; Zammit, G, 2023) |
| "It is common to provide insomnia patients a second treatment when the initial treatment fails, but little is known about optimal treatment sequences for different patient types." | 3.11 | Association between insomnia patients' pre-treatment characteristics and their responses to distinctive treatment sequences. ( Beaulieu-Bonneau, S; Bélanger, L; Edinger, JD; Guay, B; Ivers, H; Morin, CM; Simmons, B, 2022) |
| "Zolpidem was associated with drowsiness effect (odds ratio = 1." | 3.01 | Comparative efficacy of hypnotics in young and middle-aged adults with insomnia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. ( Chen, PY; Chiu, HY; Hasan, F; Lee, HC; Romadlon, DS; Tu, YK; Wang, YH; Yuliana, LT, 2023) |
| "Treating insomnia has been shown to improve outcomes, including reduced risk of developing cardiovascular and mental health disorders." | 3.01 | Insomnia Management: A Review and Update. ( Shaha, DP, 2023) |
| " Zolpidem and acupressure safety profiling showed no severe adverse effect other that drowsiness, nausea and daytime sleeping already reported in literature of zolpidem." | 3.01 | Effectiveness and safety profiling of zolpidem and acupressure in CKD associated pruritus: An interventional study. ( Ahmed, R; Chan, KG; Khan, NA; Khan, TM; Lee, LH; Munib, S; Rahman, AU; Rehman, AU; Rehman, IU; Shah, Y; Wu, DBC, 2021) |
| "Of 85 patients, 67 met the criteria for insomnia (48±10 years; 79% women) and were randomized." | 2.94 | Sublingual and oral zolpidem for insomnia disorder: a 3-month randomized trial. ( Castro, LS; Fumo-Dos-Santos, C; Otuyama, LJ; Poyares, D; Tufik, S, 2020) |
| "To evaluate the dose-response relationship of daridorexant, a new dual orexin receptor antagonist, on sleep variables in subjects with insomnia disorder." | 2.94 | Daridorexant, a New Dual Orexin Receptor Antagonist to Treat Insomnia Disorder. ( Dauvilliers, Y; Fietze, I; Hedner, J; Mayleben, D; Pain, S; Seboek Kinter, D; Zammit, G, 2020) |
| " Rates of treatment-emergent adverse events were low; there were no serious adverse events." | 2.94 | Safety of lemborexant versus placebo and zolpidem: effects on auditory awakening threshold, postural stability, and cognitive performance in healthy older participants in the middle of the night and upon morning awakening. ( Kumar, D; Moline, M; Murphy, P; Rosenberg, R; Zammit, G, 2020) |
| "Insomnia disorder is prevalent and associated with health risks in older adults; however, efficacy and safety issues with existing treatments create significant unmet needs in this patient population." | 2.90 | Comparison of Lemborexant With Placebo and Zolpidem Tartrate Extended Release for the Treatment of Older Adults With Insomnia Disorder: A Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial. ( Dhadda, S; Filippov, G; Kumar, D; LoPresti, A; Mayleben, D; Moline, M; Murphy, P; Rosenberg, R; Zammit, G, 2019) |
| " Only few controlled studies have characterized the effect of discontinuation of their chronic use on sleep and quality of life." | 2.90 | Withdrawal from long-term use of zopiclone, zolpidem and temazepam may improve perceived sleep and quality of life in older adults with primary insomnia. ( Kivelä, SL; Lähteenmäki, R; Neuvonen, PJ; Partinen, M; Puustinen, J; Räihä, I; Vahlberg, T, 2019) |
| "Further prospective investigation of insomnia phenotypes taking into account other variables than sleep duration is warranted in order to develop more targeted insomnia therapies." | 2.90 | Insomnia treatment response as a function of objectively measured sleep duration. ( Bélanger, L; Ivers, H; Jarrin, DC; Morin, CM; Rochefort, A, 2019) |
| "DSM-IVR diagnosed subjects with insomnia (N = 95), aged 32-70 yrs, having no other sleep disorder, unstable medical or psychiatric diseases or drug dependency served." | 2.90 | Hyperarousal in insomnia: pre-sleep and diurnal cortisol levels in response to chronic zolpidem treatment. ( Roehrs, T; Roth, T, 2019) |
| "92 outpatients (≥55 years) with primary insomnia, long-term BZDA use as hypnotics (mean duration of BZDA use 9." | 2.87 | Long-term persistence of withdrawal of temazepam, zopiclone, and zolpidem in older adults: a 3-year follow-up study. ( Aarnio, P; Kivelä, SL; Lähteenmäki, R; Neuvonen, PJ; Nurminen, J; Partinen, M; Puustinen, J; Räihä, I; Vahlberg, T, 2018) |
| "Sleep quality, sleepiness and symptoms of acute mountain sickness were assessed by questionnaires." | 2.87 | The effect of zolpidem on cognitive function and postural control at high altitude. ( Baillieul, S; Banco, P; Botrè, F; Bouzat, P; Casini, L; Davranche, K; De la Torre, X; Manhes, P; Mazzarino, M; Robach, P; Séchaud, G; Verges, S, 2018) |
| " Adverse events were similar with almorexant and placebo." | 2.84 | Efficacy and safety of almorexant in adult chronic insomnia: a randomized placebo-controlled trial with an active reference. ( Berkani, O; Black, J; Hajak, G; Hedner, J; Hmissi, A; Mangialaio, S; Pillar, G; Polo, O; Zammit, G, 2017) |
| " The aim of this study was to determine whether the zolpidem combined with paroxetine would be effective in the treatment of patients with primary insomnia." | 2.84 | Effect and safety of paroxetine combined with zolpidem in treatment of primary insomnia. ( Liu, Y; Mao, HJ; Song, MF; Tang, GZ; Wang, SD; Xu, XH; Yin, Y; Yu, ZH, 2017) |
| "Context • Insomnia affects from 5% to 35% of the general population worldwide." | 2.84 | Comparison Between Acupuncture and Biofeedback as Adjunctive Treatments for Primary Insomnia Disorder. ( Huang, HT; Lin, CH; Lin, SL; Tzeng, DS, 2017) |
| "Chronic insomnia is the long-term inability to fall asleep easily or to stay asleep." | 2.82 | Network meta-analysis comparing the effectiveness of a prescription digital therapeutic for chronic insomnia to medications and face-to-face cognitive behavioral therapy in adults. ( El-Moustaid, F; Forma, F; Pratiwadi, R; Smith, N; Thorndike, F; Velez, F, 2022) |
| " Dose-response analysis also revealed a significantly increased risk of suicide in patients receiving ≥ 180cDDD (cumulative defined daily doses) of zolpidem (124 times), followed by 90-179cDDD (113 times) and <90cDDD (93 times) of zolpidem compared to non-users." | 2.82 | Zolpidem use and risk of suicide: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ( Agarwal, NB; Ashif Khan, M; Garg, A; Hussain, S; Khan, H; Yadav, DK, 2022) |
| " Zolpidem remained efficacious and safe across 12 months." | 2.82 | Gender Differences in the Efficacy and Safety of Chronic Nightly Zolpidem. ( Roehrs, TA; Roth, T, 2016) |
| "Chronic insomnia is a prevalent disorder associated with significant psychosocial, health, and economic impacts." | 2.82 | Sequential psychological and pharmacological therapies for comorbid and primary insomnia: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. ( Beaulieu-Bonneau, S; Buysse, DJ; Edinger, JD; Ivers, H; Krystal, AD; Morin, CM, 2016) |
| "Zolpidem was rapidly absorbed and eliminated after intranasal administration of ZNS." | 2.82 | Pharmacokinetics of a Novel Zolpidem Nasal Spray for Rapid Management of Insomnia: First Trial in Humans. ( Ho, T; Lee, B; Li, CT; Su, TP; Toh, M; Wang, Y, 2016) |
| "Ninety-five subjects with insomnia (age 32-64 years) underwent screening nocturnal polysomnogram (NPSG) and Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) the following day and, then, were randomized to receive zolpidem 10 mg or placebo nightly for 12 months." | 2.82 | Hyperarousal in insomnia and hypnotic dose escalation. ( Roehrs, TA; Roth, T, 2016) |
| " In both studies, there were no gender differences in adverse events." | 2.79 | Gender influences on efficacy and safety of sublingual zolpidem tartrate for middle-of-the-night awakening in insomnia. ( Moline, M; Roth, T; Singh, NN; Steinberg, F, 2014) |
| "To examine the speed and trajectory of changes in sleep/wake parameters during short-term treatment of insomnia with cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) alone versus CBT combined with medication; and to explore the relationship between early treatment response and post-treatment recovery status." | 2.79 | Speed and trajectory of changes of insomnia symptoms during acute treatment with cognitive-behavioral therapy, singly and combined with medication. ( Beaulieu-Bonneau, S; Guay, B; Ivers, H; Mérette, C; Morin, CM; Savard, J; Vallières, A, 2014) |
| " These sleep effects are also consistent with the pharmacokinetic profile of lorediplon." | 2.79 | A single-dose, randomized, double-blind, double dummy, placebo and positive-controlled, five-way cross-over study to assess the pharmacodynamic effects of lorediplon in a phase advance model of insomnia in healthy Caucasian adult male subjects. ( Baleeiro, T; D'Aniello, F; Gropper, S; Guglietta, A; Horoszok, L; Roth, T; Santos, B, 2014) |
| "There are validated measures assessing insomnia and disturbed sleep, but few psychometrically sound instruments to assess perceptions of the restorative or inadequate properties of sleep are available." | 2.79 | Development and evaluation of a measure to assess restorative sleep. ( Downey, R; Drake, CL; Frank, L; Hays, RD; Morlock, R; Roth, T; Shikiar, R; Wang, F, 2014) |
| "Individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) often use hypnotics like zolpidem (Ambien(®)) to improve sleep in addition to their selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) regimen." | 2.79 | Zolpidem increases GABA in depressed volunteers maintained on SSRIs. ( Conn, NA; Jensen, JE; Licata, SC; Lukas, SE; Winer, JP, 2014) |
| " As impaired muscle strength and balance are risk factors for falls, we examined the effects of hypnotic withdrawal on handgrip strength and balance in older adult outpatients during and after long-term use of temazepam, zopiclone and zolpidem (here collectively referred to as "benzodiazepines")." | 2.79 | Handgrip strength and balance in older adults following withdrawal from long-term use of temazepam, zopiclone or zolpidem as hypnotics. ( Kivelä, SL; Lähteenmäki, R; Lyles, A; Neuvonen, PJ; Nurminen, J; Partinen, M; Puustinen, J; Räihä, I; Vahlberg, T, 2014) |
| " The pharmacokinetic profile of almorexant was characterized by a median time to the maximum concentration of 1." | 2.78 | Tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of single-dose almorexant, an orexin receptor antagonist, in healthy elderly subjects. ( Cavallaro, M; Dingemanse, J; Hay, J; Hoever, P; Rad, M; van Gerven, JM, 2013) |
| "After a 2-wk, single-blind placebo eligibility period, participants were randomized 1:1 to as-needed MOTN dosing with 3." | 2.78 | Novel sublingual low-dose zolpidem tablet reduces latency to sleep onset following spontaneous middle-of-the-night awakening in insomnia in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, outpatient study. ( Krystal, A; Moline, M; Roth, T; Singh, NN; Steinberg, FJ, 2013) |
| "Rebound insomnia, worsened sleep when discontinuing use of a hypnotic, is reported in some short-term studies." | 2.77 | Twelve months of nightly zolpidem does not lead to rebound insomnia or withdrawal symptoms: a prospective placebo-controlled study. ( Harris, E; Maan, R; Randall, S; Roehrs, TA; Roth, T, 2012) |
| "In adults with primary insomnia, nightly zolpidem administration remained efficacious across 8 months of nightly use." | 2.77 | Efficacy of eight months of nightly zolpidem: a prospective placebo-controlled study. ( Randall, S; Roehrs, TA; Roth, T, 2012) |
| "Zolpidem was chosen more nights than placebo (80% of nights) and number of nights zolpidem was chosen did not differ over the 12 months." | 2.76 | Twelve months of nightly zolpidem does not lead to dose escalation: a prospective placebo-controlled study. ( Harris, E; Maan, R; Randall, S; Roehrs, TA; Roth, T, 2011) |
| "Zolpidem was not associated with any significant side effects or next-day cognitive performance impairments." | 2.76 | Sleep disturbance and the effects of extended-release zolpidem during cannabis withdrawal. ( Budney, AJ; Curran, EM; McCann, UD; Smith, MT; Vandrey, R, 2011) |
| " Administering PD 0200390 30 min earlier than standard dosing was shown through simulations to reduce latency to persistent sleep by 40%." | 2.76 | Modeling sleep data for a new drug in development using markov mixed-effects models. ( Corrigan, B; Karlsson, MO; Kjellsson, MC; Ouellet, D, 2011) |
| "Ninety-five primary insomniacs, 32-64 years old and 55 age- and sex-matched general population-based, representative controls." | 2.76 | MSLT in primary insomnia: stability and relation to nocturnal sleep. ( Harris, E; Maan, R; Randall, S; Roehrs, TA; Roth, T, 2011) |
| "The phase advance model of transient insomnia produced significant changes in CAP parameters." | 2.75 | Alterations in cyclic alternating pattern associated with phase advanced sleep are differentially modulated by gaboxadol and zolpidem. ( Deacon, S; Ebert, B; Ferri, R; Ma, J; Ray, S; Snyder, E; Svetnik, V; Walsh, JK, 2010) |
| " Subjects were administered study medication 30 minutes before bedtime and were awakened 2 hours after dosing to evaluate balance (Sensory Organization Test), turning speed and stability, memory (immediate and delayed word recall), and adverse events." | 2.74 | Effect of ramelteon on middle-of-the-night balance in older adults with chronic insomnia. ( Peng, X; Rosenthal, M; Wang-Weigand, S; Zammit, G, 2009) |
| "Gaboxadol 15mg treatment for 2 weeks significantly improved sleep onset and maintenance variables as well as sleep quality and daytime function, as did zolpidem." | 2.74 | A 2-week efficacy and safety study of gaboxadol and zolpidem using electronic diaries in primary insomnia outpatients. ( Eglin, M; Hajak, G; Hedner, J; Loft, H; Lundahl, J; Lütolf, S; Stórustovu, SI, 2009) |
| " This study assessed the effects of caffeine on sleep architecture and electroencephalography (EEG) spectrum alone and in combination with two different sleep-promoting medications." | 2.74 | Effects on sleep stages and microarchitecture of caffeine and its combination with zolpidem or trazodone in healthy volunteers. ( Hutson, PH; Ivarsson, M; Nutt, DJ; Paterson, LM; Wilson, SJ, 2009) |
| "Cognitive behavioral therapy used singly or in combination with zolpidem produced significant improvements in sleep latency, time awake after sleep onset, and sleep efficiency during initial therapy (all P<." | 2.74 | Cognitive behavioral therapy, singly and combined with medication, for persistent insomnia: a randomized controlled trial. ( Baillargeon, L; Bastien, C; Guay, B; Ivers, H; Mérette, C; Morin, CM; Savard, J; Vallières, A, 2009) |
| "Chronic insomnia and depression are often associated." | 2.74 | Validation of the sleep impact scale in patients with major depressive disorder and insomnia. ( Crawford, B; Joish, VN; Lasch, K; Qiu, C; Rosa, K; Zhu, Y, 2009) |
| "Past modafinil use was reported by 2." | 2.74 | Modafinil and zolpidem use by emergency medicine residents. ( Ankel, FK; Asplin, BR; Flottemesch, TJ; Ling, LJ; Mason, EJ; McBeth, BD; McNamara, RM, 2009) |
| "Zolpidem 10 mg was included as an active control." | 2.73 | A polysomnographic placebo-controlled evaluation of the efficacy and safety of eszopiclone relative to placebo and zolpidem in the treatment of primary insomnia. ( Amato, D; Caron, J; Erman, MK; Rubens, R; Schaefer, K; Walsh, JK; Wessel, T; Zammit, G, 2008) |
| "In contrast, persistent insomnia measured both by the HRSD-17 insomnia subscale and the PSQI predicted recurrence." | 2.73 | Which symptoms predict recurrence of depression in women treated with maintenance interpersonal psychotherapy? ( Andreescu, C; Buysse, DJ; Cyranowski, JM; Dombrovski, AY; Frank, E; Houck, PR; Mallinger, AG; Mulsant, BH; Thase, ME, 2008) |
| "Each treatment period consisted of 2 consecutive nights of dosing separated by a washout of 5 to 12 days." | 2.73 | Low-dose sublingual zolpidem tartrate is associated with dose-related improvement in sleep onset and duration in insomnia characterized by middle-of-the-night (MOTN) awakenings. ( Hull, SG; Lankford, DA; Rosenberg, R; Roth, T; Scharf, MB, 2008) |
| "Insomnia is a common and disabling complaint for which there is a need for improved treatments." | 2.73 | A translational, caffeine-induced model of onset insomnia in rats and healthy volunteers. ( Hutson, PH; Ivarsson, M; Nutt, DJ; Paterson, LM; Wilson, SJ, 2007) |
| "Gaboxadol is a selective extrasynaptic GABA(A) agonist, previously in development for the treatment of insomniac patients." | 2.73 | Short-term treatment with gaboxadol improves sleep maintenance and enhances slow wave sleep in adult patients with primary insomnia. ( Deacon, S; Loft, H; Lundahl, J; Staner, C; Staner, L, 2007) |
| "Zolpidem has a hypnotic activity without disturbing psychomotor and physical performance on the following day when given to healthy adults, suggesting zolpidem may be used in healthy athletes to adjust their extrinsic sleep disturbances and their consecutive psychomotor and physical impairments." | 2.73 | Acute effects of zolpidem on daytime alertness, psychomotor and physical performance. ( Inomata, S; Ito, SU; Kanbayashi, T; Kondo, H; Nishino, S; Shimizu, T; Szilagyi, G; Takemura, T, 2007) |
| " Multiple pharmacokinetic measures were assessed at nine post-dose intervals and pharmacodynamics was assessed by polysomnography and actigraphy." | 2.73 | Potential pharmacokinetic basis for zolpidem dosing in children with sleep difficulties. ( Blumer, JL; Christensen, M; Glaze, D; O'Riordan, MA; Reed, MD; Rosen, CL; Springer, MA; Steinberg, F, 2008) |
| " The overall incidence and nature of adverse events was comparable between the two groups." | 2.73 | Efficacy and safety of zolpidem extended release in elderly primary insomnia patients. ( Roth, T; Soubrane, C; Walsh, JK, 2008) |
| " Most frequent adverse events for zolpidem extended-release were headache, anxiety and somnolence." | 2.73 | Long-term efficacy and safety of zolpidem extended-release 12.5 mg, administered 3 to 7 nights per week for 24 weeks, in patients with chronic primary insomnia: a 6-month, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicenter study. ( Erman, M; Krystal, AD; Roth, T; Soubrane, C; Zammit, GK, 2008) |
| "To assess the effects of post-bedtime dosing with indiplon on next-day function in adults and the elderly." | 2.73 | Post-bedtime dosing with indiplon in adults and the elderly: results from two placebo-controlled, active comparator crossover studies in healthy volunteers. ( Burke, PJ; Farber, RH, 2008) |
| "In Japanese patients with psychophysiological insomnia, zolpidem increased sleep stability by significantly improving the overnight CAP rate." | 2.73 | Effects of zolpidem on cyclic alternating pattern, an objective marker of sleep instability, in Japanese patients with psychophysiological insomnia: a randomized crossover comparative study with placebo. ( Inoue, Y; Itoh, H; Ozone, M; Parrino, L; Sasaki, M; Shimizu, T; Tamura, Y; Terzano, MG; Uchimura, N; Yagi, T, 2008) |
| " Meanwhile, there was no significant statistical difference in adverse events between Zolpidem and placebo after one month of treatment." | 2.72 | Efficacy and safety of Zolpidem in the treatment of insomnia disorder for one month: a meta-analysis of a randomized controlled trial. ( Cai, Y; Hong, Z; Pan, J; Xiang, T, 2021) |
| "Fourteen patients with non-organic insomnia (3 males and 11 females; mean age of 54." | 2.72 | Effect of zolpidem on sleep architecture and its next-morning residual effect in insomniac patients: a randomized crossover comparative study with brotizolam. ( Habukawa, M; Hashizume, Y; Hayash, K; Kotorii, N; Kuwahara, H; Maeda, H; Nakajima, T; Nose, I; Ohyama, T; Uchimura, N, 2006) |
| "Zolpidem CR is a dual-layered tablet; one layer releases zolpidem immediately and a second layer provides a slower release of additional zolpidem for maintenance of plasma zolpidem concentrations." | 2.72 | Zolpidem extended-release. ( Moen, MD; Plosker, GL, 2006) |
| "5mg is effective and safe in treating primary insomnia in adults and improves sleep maintenance, induction and duration of sleep." | 2.72 | Efficacy and safety of zolpidem-MR: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study in adults with primary insomnia. ( Roth, T; Soubrane, C; Titeux, L; Walsh, JK, 2006) |
| "16 patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea (apnea+ hypopnea index > 30/hr), on CPAP therapy for at least 6 months." | 2.72 | Effect of zolpidem on the efficacy of continuous positive airway pressure as treatment for obstructive sleep apnea. ( Berry, RB; Patel, PB, 2006) |
| "We assessed the preference of insomniac patients between a single dose of 10 mg zolpidem or zaleplon, respectively, administered in random order on two consecutive nights." | 2.71 | Preference of insomniac patients between a single dose of zolpidem 10 mg versus zaleplon 10 mg. ( Allain, H; Bentué-Ferrer, D; Breton, SL; Gandon, JM; Polard, E, 2003) |
| "Occasionally, insomniac patients may take a sleeping pill after midnight." | 2.71 | Effects of after-midnight intake of zolpidem and temazepam on driving ability in women with non-organic insomnia. ( Halavaara, M; Hiltunen, H; Hirvonen, K; Hublin, C; Partinen, M, 2003) |
| "In continuation of a previous psychometric analysis of dose-response data for citalopram in depression, the corresponding study data for escitalopram is of interest, since escitalopram is the active enantiomer of citalopram and because citalopram was used as the active control." | 2.71 | Escitalopram dose-response revisited: an alternative psychometric approach to evaluate clinical effects of escitalopram compared to citalopram and placebo in patients with major depression. ( Andersen, HF; Bech, P; Cialdella, P; Pedersen, AG; Tanghøj, P, 2004) |
| "While it is common practice that hypnotics are used on a non-nightly basis, few investigations have been undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of the intermittent dosing strategy." | 2.71 | Long-term, non-nightly administration of zolpidem in the treatment of patients with primary insomnia. ( Krystal, AD; McCall, WV; Perlis, ML; Walsh, JK, 2004) |
| "Chronic sleep-onset insomnia is a prevalent health complaint in adults." | 2.71 | Cognitive behavior therapy and pharmacotherapy for insomnia: a randomized controlled trial and direct comparison. ( Jacobs, GD; Otto, MW; Pace-Schott, EF; Stickgold, R, 2004) |
| "Zolpidem 10 mg/d was effective and well tolerated in the treatment of menopause-related insomnia in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women." | 2.71 | Effect of zolpidem on sleep in women with perimenopausal and postmenopausal insomnia: a 4-week, randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. ( Dorsey, CM; Lee, KA; Scharf, MB, 2004) |
| "Rebound effects after withdrawal from hypnotics are believed to trigger their chronic use and to enhance the risk of tolerance and dependence." | 2.70 | A double-blind, randomized and placebo-controlled study on the polysomnographic withdrawal effects of zopiclone, zolpidem and triazolam in healthy subjects. ( Backhaus, J; Berger, M; Feige, B; Hohagen, F; Hornyak, M; Riemann, D; Voderholzer, U, 2001) |
| " Knowledge of pharmacological therapeutical alternatives is therefore decisive, in order to identify the most efficaceous and safe therapy for the patient among the available hypnotics." | 2.69 | [Safety profile of zolpidem: two studies of 3805 patients by Swiss practitioners]. ( Ganzoni, E; Gugger, M, 1999) |
| "3 years) diagnosed as having nonorganic insomnia (ICD-10: F 51." | 2.69 | Placebo-controlled sleep laboratory studies on the acute effects of zolpidem on objective and subjective sleep and awakening quality in nonorganic insomnia related to neurotic and stress-related disorder. ( Anderer, P; Brandstätter, N; Dantendorfer, K; Gruber, G; Mandl, M; Ritter, K; Saletu, B; Saletu-Zyhlarz, G; Zoghlami, A, 2000) |
| "Zolpidem was given at a daily dose of 10 mg for 15 nights." | 2.69 | Conventional and power spectrum analysis of the effects of zolpidem on sleep EEG in patients with chronic primary insomnia. ( Alvariño, F; Monti, D; Monti, JM, 2000) |
| "Zolpidem was found to be effective in initiating and maintaining sleep on nights taken, as compared to placebo, based upon the Patient's Global Ratings and all subjective sleep variables." | 2.69 | Eight weeks of non-nightly use of zolpidem for primary insomnia. ( Erman, M; Jamieson, A; Randazzo, A; Roth, T; Scharf, M; Schweitzer, PK; Walsh, JK; Ware, JC, 2000) |
| "Zolpidem (ZLP), which has selective affinity to the BZ1 (omega 1) receptor and a short half-life, is a novel hypnotic." | 2.69 | The effects of zolpidem and zopiclone on daytime sleepiness and psychomotor performance. ( Isawa, S; Murasaki, M; Suzuki, M; Uchiumi, M, 2000) |
| "Zolpidem was tested at doses of 5, 7." | 2.68 | Zolpidem in the treatment of transient insomnia: a double-blind, randomized comparison with placebo. ( Roehrs, T; Roth, T; Vogel, G, 1995) |
| "In contrast to previous reports with insomniacs, both compounds made only modest improvements in sleep." | 2.68 | Effects of flurazepam and zolpidem on the perception of sleep in normal volunteers. ( Mendelson, WB, 1995) |
| "Zolpidem was evaluated in this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study for efficacy and safety in patients with short-term insomnia related to problems with work, marriage, family, or financial matters." | 2.68 | Zolpidem in the treatment of short-term insomnia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. ( Dockhorn, DW; Dockhorn, RJ, 1996) |
| "Zolpidem was given at a daily dose of 10 mg for 27 nights and was preceded (two nights) and followed (three nights) by a placebo." | 2.68 | Sleep in patients with chronic primary insomnia during long-term zolpidem administration and after its withdrawal. ( Estévez, F; Giusti, M; Monti, D; Monti, JM, 1996) |
| "The zolpidem group was bracketed by a placebo group and a positive control group taking 0." | 2.68 | Minimal rebound insomnia after treatment with 10-mg zolpidem. ( Roehrs, T; Roth, T; Scharf, MB; Vogel, GW; Walsh, JK; Ware, JC, 1997) |
| "Since homogeneous samples of insomniacs are difficult to recruit for pharmacotherapy studies, normal sleepers can be used to assess the protective effect of hypnotic drugs, under standardized nonconducive conditions." | 2.68 | Multidrug comparison (lorazepam, triazolam, zolpidem, and zopiclone) in situational insomnia: polysomnographic analysis by means of the cyclic alternating pattern. ( Boselli, M; Parrino, L; Smerieri, A; Spaggiari, MC; Terzano, MG, 1997) |
| "178 patients suffering from insomnia were included in the study, data from 139 patients were used in the analyses." | 2.67 | Randomized, double blind trial of zolpidem 10 mg versus triazolam 0.25 mg for treatment of insomnia in general practice. ( Ahlstrøm, F; Rosenberg, J, 1994) |
| "Zolpidem was well tolerated with no withdrawal symptoms during the second 7-day placebo treatment period." | 2.67 | A double-blind, comparative study of zolpidem and placebo in the treatment of insomnia in elderly psychiatric in-patients. ( Coquelin, JP; Curson, H; Shaw, SH, 1992) |
| "Flunitrazepam is a well-known hypnotic, binding to both the benzodiazepine 1 and 2 receptor subtypes." | 2.67 | Effects of zolpidem and flunitrazepam on nocturnal sleep of women subjectively complaining of insomnia. ( Declerck, AC; O'Hanlon, JF; Ruwe, F; Vermeeren, A; Wauquier, A, 1992) |
| "Forty-two insomniac female in-patients between 30 and 65 years of age were included in a double blind, parallel group trial and were randomly allocated to the two treatments." | 2.67 | Double blind comparison of zolpidem 20 mg versus flunitrazepam 2 mg in insomniac in-patients. ( Cesana, B; Frattola, L; Maggioni, M; Priore, P, 1990) |
| "on sleep in patients with persistent psychophysiological insomnia was assessed by polysomnographic recordings." | 2.66 | Effect of zolpidem on sleep in insomniac patients. ( Monti, JM, 1989) |
| "In this study, we intend to assess the efficacy of zolpidem combined with cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for patients with primary insomnia (PI)." | 2.61 | Therapeutic efficacy of zolpidem combined with cognitive-behavioral therapy on primary insomnia. ( Liang, B; Song, Y, 2019) |
| " Clonidine, melatonin, L-theanine, eszopiclone and guanfacine were well tolerated with mild to moderate adverse events; zolpidem was associated with neuropsychiatric adverse effects." | 2.55 | Safety, Tolerability and Efficacy of Drugs for Treating Behavioural Insomnia in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review with Methodological Quality Assessment. ( Anand, S; Besag, FMC; Chan, EW; Cortese, S; Tong, H; Wong, ICK, 2017) |
| "Zolpidem is a short-acting non-benzodiazepine hypnotic drug that belongs to the imidazopyridine class." | 2.55 | Zolpidem's use for insomnia. ( Buttoo, K; Monti, JM; Pandi-Perumal, SR; Spence, DW, 2017) |
| "Clonidine reduced insomnia; and melatonin also exhibited a positive response, with reduced sleep latency, higher total sleep time, and higher sleep efficiency." | 2.49 | To sleep or not to sleep: a systematic review of the literature of pharmacological treatments of insomnia in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. ( Barrett, JR; Giaroli, G; Tracy, DK, 2013) |
| "Insomnia is a very frequent complaint that periodically or permanently affects up to 60% of the general population." | 2.48 | A new sublingual formulation of zolpidem for the treatment of sleep-onset insomnia. ( Danjou, P; Luthringer, R; Staner, L, 2012) |
| "This review addresses the neuroreceptor properties of zolpidem; clinical pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and drug interactions; efficacy as a hypnotic; adverse effects; tolerance, dependence and withdrawal; relation to motor vehicle accidents and complex sleep behaviors; and new dosage forms." | 2.48 | Zolpidem for insomnia. ( Greenblatt, DJ; Roth, T, 2012) |
| "Zolpidem is a non-benzodiazepine hypnotic used in the short-term treatment of insomnia." | 2.48 | Sublingual zolpidem (Edluar™; Sublinox™). ( Deeks, ED; Yang, LP, 2012) |
| "Zolpidem is an imidazo-pyridine compound that enhances the GABA(A) receptor function by interaction with Omega-1 receptor subtype." | 2.47 | Role of zolpidem in the management of insomnia. ( Dang, A; Garg, A; Rataboli, PV, 2011) |
| "The prevalence of insomnia increases with age and affects up to 35% of community-dwelling adults with dementia." | 2.45 | Non-pharmacologic treatment of insomnia in persons with dementia. ( Darvishi, R; Kunik, ME; Shub, D, 2009) |
| "Former substance abusers and psychiatric patients appear to be at greatest risk." | 2.45 | Comparative tolerability of newer agents for insomnia. ( Zammit, G, 2009) |
| "Zolpidem is a hypnotic which acts at the GABAA receptor and is indicated for short-term insomnia." | 2.45 | Zolpidem-induced sleepwalking, sleep related eating disorder, and sleep-driving: fluorine-18-flourodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography analysis, and a literature review of other unexpected clinical effects of zolpidem. ( Chesson, AL; Hoque, R, 2009) |
| " If this strategy is adopted, zolpidem is a safe alternative to benzodiazpine hypnotics and zopiclone who do show significant driving impairment the morning following bedtime administration." | 2.44 | Zolpidem and traffic safety - the importance of treatment compliance. ( Johnson, W; Liddicoat, L; Olivier, B; Verster, JC; Volkerts, ER, 2007) |
| " Other agents commonly used at sea-level such as eszopiclone and diphenhydramine have not been studied at high altitude but are likely safe to use given their mechanism of action and known side effects." | 2.44 | Which medications are safe and effective for improving sleep at high altitude? ( Luks, AM, 2008) |
| "Pharmacologic options for insomnia treatment include prescription hypnotics, such as gamma-amino butyric acid-receptor agonists, sedating antidepressants, over-the-counter antihistamines, melatonin-receptor agonists, and alternative therapies." | 2.44 | Treatment options for insomnia--pharmacodynamics of zolpidem extended-release to benefit next-day performance. ( Bogan, RK, 2008) |
| "The consequences of insomnia, if left untreated, may contribute to the risks of developing additional serious conditions, such as psychiatric illness, cardiovascular disease, or metabolic issues." | 2.44 | Insomnia: zolpidem extended-release for the treatment of sleep induction and sleep maintenance symptoms. ( Doghramji, PP, 2007) |
| "To provide an overview of insomnia, including identification and current treatments, as well as review the efficacy and safety of extended-release sleep medication." | 2.44 | Sleeping through the night: are extended-release formulations the answer? ( Calamaro, C, 2008) |
| "Although primary and co-morbid insomnias are presented to clinicians in healthcare settings, physicians may need to apply direct inquiry in order to elicit patient reports of insomnia." | 2.44 | Zolpidem extended-release: therapy for sleep induction and sleep maintenance difficulties. ( Zammit, G, 2008) |
| "Search terms used were "insomnia," "behavioral therapy," and the generic names of agents commonly used to treat insomnia (the Food and Drug Administration-approved benzodiazepines and nonbenzodiazepines, trazodone, and over-the-counter agents)." | 2.43 | Diagnosis and treatment of chronic insomnia: a review. ( Benca, RM, 2005) |
| " Approaches to the management of residual symptoms include addressing treatment-emergent side effects and co-morbid conditions, optimizing antidepressant dosing and using augmentation therapy." | 2.43 | Pharmacological approaches to the treatment of residual symptoms. ( Fava, M, 2006) |
| "This article will review the causes of insomnia in the elderly, the approach to patient evaluation, and the nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic treatment of insomnia." | 2.43 | Insomnia in the elderly: cause, approach, and treatment. ( Gammack, JK; Kamel, NS, 2006) |
| " These findings have been echoed in a six-month study using an intermittent dosing paradigm with subjective endpoints." | 2.43 | Extended-release zolpidem: efficacy and tolerability profile. ( Owen, RT, 2006) |
| "The impact of insomnia on daytime functioning and its relationship with medical and psychiatric illnesses necessitate early treatment to prevent insomnia becoming persistent and to avoid the development of complications." | 2.42 | New drugs for insomnia: comparative tolerability of zopiclone, zolpidem and zaleplon. ( Palomba, V; Parrino, L; Rossi, M; Smerieri, A; Terzano, MG, 2003) |
| "One day, she took zolpidem 10 mg for insomnia as well as acetaminophen 500 mg for headache at bedtime and began to have visual perception distortion (e." | 2.42 | Zolpidem-induced distortion in visual perception. ( Chang, CJ; Huang, CL; Hung, CF; Lin, HY, 2003) |
| " Rifampicin significantly induced the metabolism of the newer hypnosedatives and decreased their sedative effects, indicating that a dose increase of these agents may be necessary when they are administered with rifampicin." | 2.42 | Clinically important drug interactions with zopiclone, zolpidem and zaleplon. ( Greenblatt, DJ; Hesse, LM; von Moltke, LL, 2003) |
| "For the symptomatic drug treatment of insomnias, the specific metabolic and pharmacokinetic, as well as possible interactions, should be considered." | 2.42 | [Drug treatment of sleep disorders in the elderly]. ( Wiegand, MH, 2003) |
| "However, some insomniac patients need sleep medication for longer periods in spite of a non-pharmacological approach, whereas other patients become dependent on drugs as a result of rebound insomnia, withdrawal symptoms, or the recurrence of insomnia." | 2.42 | Overview of the therapeutic management of insomnia with zolpidem. ( Lee, YJ, 2004) |
| "Zolpidem is an imidazopyridine agent that is indicated for the short term (< or = 4 weeks) treatment of insomnia (recommended dosage 10 mg/day in adults and 5 or 10 mg/day in the elderly or patients with hepatic impairment)." | 2.41 | Zolpidem: an update of its pharmacology, therapeutic efficacy and tolerability in the treatment of insomnia. ( Goa, KL; Holm, KJ, 2000) |
| "Insomnia is a cardinal symptom for many psychiatric disorders, especially depressive disorders." | 2.41 | A psychiatric perspective on insomnia. ( McCall, WV, 2001) |
| "In particular, patients with chronic insomnia have higher rates of psychiatric and medical illnesses, and insomnia is an important risk factor in the development of depression." | 2.41 | Consequences of insomnia and its therapies. ( Benca, RM, 2001) |
| "Research on insomnia has provided a number of important new insights, but fundamental deficits in our understanding remain." | 2.41 | Future directions in the management of insomnia. ( Richardson, GS; Roth, T, 2001) |
| "Key search terms included insomnia, benzodiazepines, zolpidem, zopiclone, zaleplon, Cl 284,846, melatonin, and valerian." | 2.40 | Beyond benzodiazepines: alternative pharmacologic agents for the treatment of insomnia. ( Hening, WA; Wagner, J; Wagner, ML, 1998) |
| "Diagnosis of insomnia is challenging because there can be many different causes and the clinical picture can be blurred by the presence of other psychiatric illnesses." | 2.40 | Pathophysiology and management of insomnia during depression. ( Kupfer, DJ, 1999) |
| " Bioavailability is 67% after oral doses of 5-20 mg." | 2.38 | Zolpidem: a nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic for treatment of insomnia. ( Hoehns, JD; Perry, PJ, 1993) |
| "Rebound insomnia, reported intermittently with most of these agents, was short-lived and not clinically significant." | 2.38 | Comparative clinical profiles of triazolam versus other shorter-acting hypnotics. ( Coleman, BS; Jonas, JM; Kalinske, RW; Sheridan, AQ, 1992) |
| "Insomnia is a modifiable risk factor for suicide often treated with medications." | 1.91 | Associations between insomnia medications and risk of death by suicide. ( Gibbons, JB; Hur, K; Lavigne, JE; Pigeon, WR, 2023) |
| "Relative to matched controls, the insomnia-treated cohort showed higher risk of falls with greater HCRU and costs." | 1.72 | Fall Risk, Healthcare Resource Use, and Costs Among Adult Patients in the United States Treated for Insomnia with Zolpidem, Trazodone, or Benzodiazepines: A Retrospective Cohort Study. ( Amari, DT; Atkins, N; Frech, FH; Gor, D; Juday, TR; Wang, W; Wickwire, EM, 2022) |
| "The usual pharmacologic treatment for insomnia has been benzodiazepines and barbiturates." | 1.72 | Development and evaluation of a 3D printing protocol to produce zolpidem-containing printlets, as compounding preparation, by the pressurized-assisted microsyringes technique. ( Callede, N; Casettari, L; Goole, J; Loosveldt, N; Masciotti, T, 2022) |
| "While some research has found that insomnia heightens falls, health care resource utilization (HCRU) and costs, the impact of insomnia treatments on fall risk, mortality, HCRU and costs in the elderly population, which could be of substantial interest to payers, has not been fully elucidated." | 1.72 | Falls, healthcare resources and costs in older adults with insomnia treated with zolpidem, trazodone, or benzodiazepines. ( Amari, DT; Atkins, N; Frech, FH; Juday, T; Wang, W; Wickwire, EM; Wu, Z, 2022) |
| "Zolpidem was previously prescribed (73,342 adults [20." | 1.72 | Real-World Characteristics and Treatment Patterns of Patients With Insomnia Prescribed Trazodone in the United States. ( Anastassopoulos, KP; Baik, R; Bruni, O; Calisti, F; Cattaneo, A; Comandini, A; Gorini, M; Knight, T; Loreto, GD; Patel, R; Pochiero, I, 2022) |
| " Changes in nighttime temperature had a significant non-linear effect on the prescribed dosage of hypnotic medications for both adults (p < 0." | 1.62 | High and low ambient temperature at night and the prescription of hypnotics. ( Lee, S; Min, JY; Min, KB, 2021) |
| "There have been concerns about abuse and unnecessary chronic administration of zolpidem, and zolpidem's relation to suicide risk." | 1.56 | Temporal association between zolpidem medication and the risk of suicide: A 12-year population-based, retrospective cohort study. ( An, H; Cho, CH; Jee, HJ; Kim, L; Lee, HJ; Nam, YJ, 2020) |
| " Factors such as age (0-39 years), consuming controlled-release dosage formulations of zolpidem, presence of psychiatric disorders (depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and anxiety disorder) and other medical conditions (hypertension, diabetes mellitus and arthritis) were observed to be risk predictors for zolpidem overutilisation." | 1.56 | Zolpidem overutilisation among Korean patients with insomnia. ( Je, NK; Kim, H; Kim, J; Park, S, 2020) |
| "Both groups received treatment for insomnia in the form of either zolpidem 5 mg for 7 days or sleep hygiene counseling." | 1.51 | Effectiveness of zolpidem and sleep hygiene counseling in the treatment of insomnia in solid tumor patients. ( Asok, A; Cc, A; K, P; P, UD; Sreekumar, S; Tk, R, 2019) |
| " Chronic dosing was not associated with a change in effect size or sleep architecture immediately postdosing." | 1.51 | Preclinical in vivo characterization of lemborexant (E2006), a novel dual orexin receptor antagonist for sleep/wake regulation. ( Akasofu, S; Beuckmann, CT; Nakagawa, M; Suzuki, M; Ueno, T, 2019) |
| "Insomnia is one such condition whose prevalence is rising all over the world." | 1.51 | A case of zolpidem dependence with extremely high daily doses. ( Bajaj, A; Bajaj, V; Kalra, I; Kumar, R; Sharma, D, 2019) |
| "Zolpidem is an imidazopyridine nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic drug with a high affinity to the α1 subunit of the gamma amino butyric acid A receptor It is the first pharmacological option in the short-term management of sleep-onset insomnia." | 1.48 | Severe Chronic Abuse of Zolpidem in Refractory Insomnia. ( Bianco, G; Castelnovo, A; Chiaro, G; Maffei, P; Manconi, M, 2018) |
| "These data suggest persons entering insomnia hypnotic clinical trials are a highly selected sample that is unlikely to be representative of the broad insomnia population or the population of potential medication users." | 1.48 | How representative are insomnia clinical trials? ( Koshorek, G; Roehrs, T; Roth, T; Verster, JC; Withrow, D, 2018) |
| "The MSLT showed excessive daytime sleepiness despite a lack of subjective sleepiness under this condition." | 1.48 | Polysomnographic Sleep Disturbances Due to High-Dose Zolpidem Use: A Case Report. ( Habukawa, M; Hiejima, H; Kotorii, N; Kuwahara, H; Ohshima, H; Takii, M; Uchimura, N, 2018) |
| "In total, 181 chronic insomnia patients were consecutively recruited." | 1.46 | Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in chronic insomnia patients and the association with poor treatment outcome at 2months. ( Chen, H; He, J; Liu, Y; Luan, X; Qiu, H; Shen, H; Tu, X; Zhao, K; Zhu, Z, 2017) |
| "For the treatment of insomnia in older adults, eszopiclone may present a safer alternative to zolpidem, in terms of fall-related injuries." | 1.43 | Nonbenzodiazepine Sedative Hypnotics and Risk of Fall-Related Injury. ( Albrecht, JS; Park, Y; Tom, SE; Wickwire, EM, 2016) |
| "Zolpidem nanospheres were prepared by double emulsion solvent evaporation and then loaded into buccoadhesive films (Z1-Z4) comprised of different concentrations of HPMC K100, Eudragit® RL 100, and carbopol 974P." | 1.43 | In vitro and in vivo evaluation of nano-based films for buccal delivery of zolpidem. ( Al-Dhubiab, BE, 2016) |
| "To examine the prevalence rates and correlates of dependence on, misuse of, and beliefs regarding use of hypnotics in elderly psychiatric patients with long-term use of zolpidem, estazolam, or flunitrazepam." | 1.42 | Dependence, misuse, and beliefs regarding use of hypnotics by elderly psychiatric patients taking zolpidem, estazolam, or flunitrazepam. ( Chang, YP; Chen, CS; Huang, MF; Ko, CH; Lin, JJ; Yeh, YC; Yen, CF; Yu, CY, 2015) |
| "Individuals with a diagnosis of insomnia who received more than one prescription of zolpidem in 2008 were followed for 24 mo." | 1.42 | Doctor Shopping Behavior for Zolpidem Among Insomnia Patients in Taiwan: A Nationwide Population-Based Study. ( Lee, HC; Lee, YY; Lin, YM; Lu, TH, 2015) |
| " The reduced sleep onset and increased sleep duration were maintained upon 7-day repeated dosing (30 mg/kg) with JNJ-42847922, then all sleep parameters returned to baseline levels following discontinuation." | 1.42 | Characterization of JNJ-42847922, a Selective Orexin-2 Receptor Antagonist, as a Clinical Candidate for the Treatment of Insomnia. ( Aguilar, Z; Aluisio, L; Bonaventure, P; Carruthers, NI; Chaplan, SR; Dugovic, C; Fraser, I; Halter, R; Koudriakova, T; Letavic, M; Lord, B; Lovenberg, T; Ndifor, A; Nepomuceno, D; Rizzolio, M; Shelton, J; Shoblock, J; Sutton, S; Welty, N; Yun, S, 2015) |
| "Zolpidem is a widely used ultrashort-acting non-benzodiazepine in clinical practice; compared with benzodiazepines, it does not have side effects such as daytime hangover, rebound insomnia, and development of tolerance." | 1.42 | [An Autopsy Case of Abnormal Behaviour Induced by Zolpidem]. ( Ikeda, N; Kudo, K; Sameshima, N; Sato, K; Tsuji, A; Usumoto, Y, 2015) |
| "Sleep disorders, especially chronic insomnia, have become major health problem worldwide and, as a result, the use of hypnotics is steadily increasing." | 1.42 | The Use of Hypnotics and Mortality--A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study. ( Chiu, HJ; Ho, HF; Kao, HC; Lan, TH; Lan, TY; Tang, GJ; Zeng, YF, 2015) |
| "The aim of this study was to assess the effect of withdrawal from the long-term use of temazepam, zopiclone or zolpidem as hypnotics drugs (here referred to as BZD) on cognitive performance." | 1.40 | Effect of withdrawal from long-term use of temazepam, zopiclone or zolpidem as hypnotic agents on cognition in older adults. ( Kivelä, SL; Lähteenmäki, R; Lyles, A; Neuvonen, PJ; Partinen, M; Polo-Kantola, P; Puustinen, J; Räihä, I; Salo, P; Vahlberg, T, 2014) |
| "We found that the prevalence of insomnia among the respondents was 22." | 1.39 | Insomnia and associated factors among anaesthetists in Hong Kong. ( Chen, PP; Lee, KY; Tse, LA, 2013) |
| "Incidence rates of all cancers and selected site-specific cancers were measured by the end of 2009, and related hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the cancer were measured as well." | 1.38 | Relationship of zolpidem and cancer risk: a Taiwanese population-based cohort study. ( Chang, SN; Kao, CH; Liang, JA; Muo, CH; Sun, LM; Sung, FC, 2012) |
| "Zolpidem could increase the risk of fracture in elderly insomnia patients." | 1.38 | Zolpidem use and risk of fracture in elderly insomnia patients. ( Choi, NK; Kang, DY; Kim, YJ; Lee, J; Park, BJ; Park, S; Rhee, CW, 2012) |
| "This paper addresses the pharmacokinetic properties of eszopiclone and the extent to which the longer half-life of eszopiclone compared to other commonly used hypnotics (immediate-release zolpidem, modified-release zolpidem, triazolam, zaleplon) may translate into either improved efficacy in enhancing sleep maintenance, or increased probability of residual sedative or performance-impairing effects." | 1.38 | Pharmacokinetic evaluation of eszopiclone: clinical and therapeutic implications. ( Greenblatt, DJ; Zammit, GK, 2012) |
| "Most NBZHs can be effective and safe agents for selected BD outpatients with episodic or chronic insomnia." | 1.37 | Efficacy and safety of nonbenzodiazepine hypnotics for chronic insomnia in patients with bipolar disorder. ( Hang, E; Miller, AR; Nordahl, TE; Schaffer, CB; Schaffer, LC, 2011) |
| "Zolpidem is a non-benzodiazepine property which binds selectively to the ?1-GABAA receptors, and has been widely prescribed to patients suffering from insomnia." | 1.37 | Zolpidem dependence and withdrawal seizure--report of two cases. ( Chu, CL; Juang, YY; Ree, SC; Wang, LJ, 2011) |
| "A prominent media publicity cluster during 2007-2008 in Australia linked the common hypnotic zolpidem to adverse drug reaction reports of parasomnias, amnesia, hallucinations and suicidality." | 1.37 | Spontaneous adverse event reports associated with zolpidem in Australia 2001-2008. ( Ben-Hamou, M; Fois, RA; Grunstein, RR; Marshall, NS; Saini, B, 2011) |
| " One of these compounds, 10a, showed equivalent efficacy in a rat EEG/EMG model to a previously identified clinical candidate and a potentially superior pharmacokinetic profile as determined from a human microdose study." | 1.36 | Identification of a novel selective H1-antihistamine with optimized pharmacokinetic properties for clinical evaluation in the treatment of insomnia. ( Beaton, G; Bradbury, MJ; Coon, T; Crowe, PD; Hernandez, LM; Hoare, SR; Huang, C; Jalali, K; Li, BF; Madan, A; Malany, S; Marinkovic, D; Moree, WJ; Petroski, RE; Sacaan, A; Tucci, FC; Wang, H; Wen, J; Yang, C; Yu, J; Zamani-Kord, S, 2010) |
| "Triazolam was associated with longer total sleep time and increased Stage 2 sleep." | 1.36 | Retrograde effects of triazolam and zolpidem on sleep-dependent motor learning in humans. ( Kehne, JH; Malison, RT; Morgan, PT; Sprenger, KJ, 2010) |
| "Recipients with a diagnosis related to insomnia or a prescription claim for an FDA-approved drug for insomnia or trazodone were selected as the study sample." | 1.36 | Prevalence and cost of insomnia in a state Medicaid fee-for-service population based on diagnostic codes and prescription utilization. ( Roy, AN; Smith, M, 2010) |
| " Specialist recommendation to cease or reduce dosage of these medications was associated with a high success rate." | 1.36 | Hypnosedative use and predictors of successful withdrawal in new patients attending a falls clinic: a retrospective, cohort study. ( Chang, K; Hilmer, SN; Joester, J; Vogler, CM, 2010) |
| "Drugs prescribed for the treatment of insomnia can be either benzodiazepine hypnotics or the newer z-hypnotics, zopiclone and zolpidem." | 1.35 | Starting insomnia treatment: the use of benzodiazepines versus z-hypnotics. A prescription database study of predictors. ( Bramness, JG; Engeland, A; Furu, K; Hausken, AM; Skurtveit, S, 2009) |
| " Following recovery, animals were dosed with caffeine (10 mg/kg) alone or in combination with zolpidem (10 mg/kg) or trazodone (20 mg/kg)." | 1.35 | Characterisation of the effects of caffeine on sleep in the rat: a potential model of sleep disruption. ( Hutson, PH; Ivarsson, M; Nutt, DJ; Paterson, LM; Wilson, SJ, 2009) |
| "Gaboxadol is a selective extrasynaptic GABA(A) receptor agonist previously in development for the treatment of insomnia." | 1.35 | Highway driving performance and cognitive functioning the morning after bedtime and middle-of-the-night use of gaboxadol, zopiclone and zolpidem. ( Leufkens, TR; Lund, JS; Vermeeren, A, 2009) |
| "Zolpidem is a selective GABAAalpha1 receptor modulator used for its hypnotic-sedative properties." | 1.34 | Compulsive activity and anterograde amnesia after zolpidem use. ( Huang, YB; Tsai, MJ; Tsai, YH, 2007) |
| "Research indicates that insomnia may contribute significantly to healthcare costs; however, information on the effects of treatments on costs has not been thoroughly published." | 1.34 | Will insomnia treatments produce overall cost savings to commercial managed-care plans? A predictive analysis in the United States. ( Jhaveri, M; Pollack, M; Seal, B; Wertz, D, 2007) |
| "Although it has been claimed that insomnia causes an increased risk for depression, adequate controlled trials testing this hypothesis have not been available." | 1.34 | Greater incidence of depression with hypnotic use than with placebo. ( Kripke, DF, 2007) |
| "Nocturnal eating disorders are more common than previously thought." | 1.34 | Zolpidem and amnestic sleep related eating disorder. ( Najjar, M, 2007) |
| "One of the most common treatments for insomnia is prescription sleep medications that help people fall asleep and remain asleep." | 1.34 | What every dentist should know about the "z-sedatives". ( McKenzie, WS; Rosenberg, M, 2007) |
| "Zolpidem is a non-benzodiazepine hypnotic drug, acts selectively through omega 1 receptors of GABAA." | 1.33 | Zolpidem at supratherapeutic doses can cause drug abuse, dependence and withdrawal seizure. ( Khandelwal, DC; Sethi, PK, 2005) |
| "Zolpidem is an imidazopyridine agent indicated for the short-term treatment of insomnia." | 1.33 | One rare side effect of zolpidem--sleepwalking: a case report. ( Dollear, M; Muthukrishnan, SR; Yang, W, 2005) |
| "Zolpidem is a GABA (A) agonist, which is indicated for the short-term management of insomnia." | 1.33 | Abnormal auditory N400 in a case of zolpidem dependence, during a working memory test. ( Liappas, IA; Papageorgiou, CC; Rabavilas, AD, 2006) |
| "Zolpidem is a short-acting imidazopyridine hypnotic that is an agonist at the gamma-aminobutyric acid A type (GABAA) receptor." | 1.32 | Zolpidem dependence case series: possible neurobiological mechanisms and clinical management. ( Christodoulou, GN; Dimopoulos, NP; Gitsa, OE; Liappas, AI; Liappas, IA; Malitas, PN; Nikolaou, ChK, 2003) |
| "Insomnia is a frequent health problem in prison, but little is known about its severity and duration." | 1.32 | Does insomnia in prison improve with time? Prospective study among remanded prisoners using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. ( Elger, BS, 2003) |
| "Zolpidem is a non-benzodiazepine hypnotic agent with a chemical structure of imidazopyridine." | 1.31 | [Pharmacological profile and clinical effect of zolpidem (Myslee tablets), a hypnotic agent]. ( Shirakawa, K, 2002) |
| " The dosage was titrated in 5-mg increments until the optimum dosage was reached for case 1 (15 mg hs) and case 2 (10 mg hs)." | 1.30 | Zolpidem for dementia-related insomnia and nighttime wandering. ( Hocking, LB; Shelton, PS, 1997) |
| "1%) of the 16 944 patients reported 268 adverse events (one adverse event in 113 cases, two adverse events in 53 cases and more than two adverse events in 16 cases)." | 1.30 | Safety and tolerance of zolpidem in the treatment of disturbed sleep: a post-marketing surveillance of 16944 cases. ( Bandelow, B; Hajak, G, 1998) |
| "Zolpidem was quite effective in all groups of patients in terms of normalization of falling asleep, improvement of quality of sleep without changing of daily activity." | 1.30 | [Treatment of insomnia in patients with borderline mental diseases]. ( Korkina, MV; Kucherov, AIu; Shinaev, NN; Tsivil'ko, MA; Volkova, NP, 1999) |
| "Zolpidem is a new imidazopyridine hypnotic with a pharmacological profile substantially different from benzodiazepines." | 1.29 | [Abrupt shift to zolpidem, a new imidazopyridine hypnotic, in insomniac patients previously treated with benzodiazepine hypnotics]. ( Biondi, F; Casadei, GL; Ciapparelli, A; Colombo, C; Cuccato, G; Levi-Minzi, A; Lorizio, A; Maggioni, M; Siciliano, G; Silvestri, R, 1993) |
| "Zolpidem is reported to be a safe and effective hypnotic agent for the short-term treatment of insomnia." | 1.29 | Zolpidem-induced psychosis. ( Brewerton, TD; Markowitz, JS, 1996) |
| "Zolpidem, therefore, has been shown to be an effective and safe hypnotic, and to be devoid of rebound and withdrawal effects." | 1.28 | The safety and efficacy of zolpidem in insomniac patients: a long-term open study in general practice. ( Attali, P; Coquelin, JP; Cramer, P; Maarek, L; Morselli, PL, 1992) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 2 (0.53) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 57 (15.20) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 140 (37.33) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 127 (33.87) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 49 (13.07) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Coon, T | 4 |
| Moree, WJ | 4 |
| Li, B | 1 |
| Yu, J | 4 |
| Zamani-Kord, S | 3 |
| Malany, S | 4 |
| Santos, MA | 1 |
| Hernandez, LM | 4 |
| Petroski, RE | 4 |
| Sun, A | 1 |
| Wen, J | 4 |
| Sullivan, S | 1 |
| Haelewyn, J | 1 |
| Hedrick, M | 1 |
| Hoare, SJ | 1 |
| Bradbury, MJ | 4 |
| Crowe, PD | 4 |
| Beaton, G | 4 |
| Li, BF | 3 |
| Jovic, F | 2 |
| Gross, RS | 2 |
| Tucci, F | 1 |
| Marinkovic, D | 3 |
| O'Brien, Z | 2 |
| Wang, H | 3 |
| Hoare, SR | 3 |
| Sacaan, A | 3 |
| Madan, A | 3 |
| Tucci, FC | 2 |
| Huang, C | 1 |
| Jalali, K | 1 |
| Yang, C | 1 |
| Yoshida, Y | 1 |
| Terauchi, T | 1 |
| Naoe, Y | 1 |
| Kazuta, Y | 1 |
| Ozaki, F | 1 |
| Beuckmann, CT | 2 |
| Nakagawa, M | 2 |
| Suzuki, M | 3 |
| Kushida, I | 1 |
| Takenaka, O | 1 |
| Ueno, T | 2 |
| Yonaga, M | 1 |
| Perlis, ML | 3 |
| Morales, KH | 1 |
| Vargas, I | 1 |
| Muench, A | 1 |
| Seewald, M | 1 |
| Gooneratne, N | 1 |
| Grandner, MA | 2 |
| Thase, ME | 2 |
| Kaptchuk, TJ | 1 |
| Ader, R | 2 |
| Zaami, S | 1 |
| Graziano, S | 1 |
| Tittarelli, R | 1 |
| Beck, R | 1 |
| Marinelli, E | 1 |
| Louzada, LL | 1 |
| Machado, FV | 1 |
| Quintas, JL | 1 |
| Ribeiro, GA | 1 |
| Silva, MV | 1 |
| Mendonça-Silva, DL | 1 |
| Gonçalves, BSB | 1 |
| Nóbrega, OT | 1 |
| Camargos, EF | 1 |
| Xiang, T | 1 |
| Cai, Y | 1 |
| Hong, Z | 1 |
| Pan, J | 1 |
| Edinger, JD | 4 |
| Beaulieu-Bonneau, S | 6 |
| Ivers, H | 9 |
| Guay, B | 6 |
| Bélanger, L | 4 |
| Simmons, B | 2 |
| Morin, CM | 11 |
| Franck, L | 1 |
| Prescott, D | 1 |
| Smith, S | 1 |
| Amari, DT | 3 |
| Juday, TR | 2 |
| Frech, FH | 2 |
| Wang, W | 2 |
| Gor, D | 2 |
| Atkins, N | 3 |
| Wickwire, EM | 4 |
| Frech, F | 2 |
| Malhotra, M | 1 |
| Callede, N | 1 |
| Masciotti, T | 1 |
| Casettari, L | 1 |
| Loosveldt, N | 1 |
| Goole, J | 1 |
| Ikeda, S | 1 |
| Azuma, MK | 1 |
| Fujimoto, K | 1 |
| Shibahara, H | 1 |
| Inoue, S | 1 |
| Moline, M | 8 |
| Ishii, M | 1 |
| Mishima, K | 1 |
| Juday, T | 2 |
| Wu, Z | 1 |
| De Crescenzo, F | 1 |
| D'Alò, GL | 1 |
| Ostinelli, EG | 1 |
| Ciabattini, M | 1 |
| Di Franco, V | 1 |
| Watanabe, N | 1 |
| Kurtulmus, A | 1 |
| Tomlinson, A | 1 |
| Mitrova, Z | 1 |
| Foti, F | 1 |
| Del Giovane, C | 1 |
| Quested, DJ | 1 |
| Cowen, PJ | 1 |
| Barbui, C | 1 |
| Amato, L | 1 |
| Efthimiou, O | 1 |
| Cipriani, A | 1 |
| Forma, F | 1 |
| Pratiwadi, R | 1 |
| El-Moustaid, F | 1 |
| Smith, N | 1 |
| Thorndike, F | 1 |
| Velez, F | 1 |
| Khan, H | 1 |
| Garg, A | 2 |
| Agarwal, NB | 1 |
| Yadav, DK | 1 |
| Ashif Khan, M | 1 |
| Hussain, S | 1 |
| Pochiero, I | 1 |
| Gorini, M | 1 |
| Comandini, A | 1 |
| Calisti, F | 1 |
| Loreto, GD | 1 |
| Cattaneo, A | 1 |
| Knight, T | 1 |
| Anastassopoulos, KP | 1 |
| Patel, R | 1 |
| Baik, R | 1 |
| Bruni, O | 1 |
| Inoue, Y | 4 |
| Nishida, M | 2 |
| Kubota, N | 2 |
| Koebis, M | 2 |
| Taninaga, T | 2 |
| Muramoto, K | 2 |
| Ishikawa, K | 2 |
| Kotova, OV | 1 |
| Tsareva, EV | 1 |
| Medvedev, VE | 1 |
| Belyaev, AA | 1 |
| Gushanskaya, EV | 1 |
| Frolova, VI | 1 |
| Kotelnikova, IG | 1 |
| Juginović, A | 1 |
| Hasan, F | 1 |
| Lee, HC | 2 |
| Chen, PY | 1 |
| Wang, YH | 1 |
| Yuliana, LT | 1 |
| Romadlon, DS | 1 |
| Tu, YK | 1 |
| Chiu, HY | 1 |
| Siafis, S | 1 |
| Fountoulakis, KN | 1 |
| Fragkidis, V | 1 |
| Papazisis, G | 1 |
| Hoshikawa, Y | 1 |
| Momma, E | 1 |
| Kawami, N | 1 |
| Iwakiri, K | 1 |
| Di Marco, T | 1 |
| Scammell, TE | 2 |
| Meinel, M | 1 |
| Seboek Kinter, D | 2 |
| Datta, AN | 1 |
| Zammit, G | 11 |
| Dauvilliers, Y | 2 |
| Shaha, DP | 1 |
| Lancee, J | 1 |
| van der Zweerde, T | 1 |
| Blanken, TF | 1 |
| Lavigne, JE | 2 |
| Hur, K | 2 |
| Gibbons, JB | 1 |
| Pigeon, WR | 2 |
| Lee, DC | 1 |
| Schlienz, NJ | 1 |
| Herrmann, ES | 1 |
| Martin, EL | 1 |
| Leoutsakos, J | 1 |
| Budney, AJ | 2 |
| Smith, MT | 2 |
| Tompkins, DA | 1 |
| Hampson, AJ | 1 |
| Vandrey, R | 2 |
| Zhang, Q | 1 |
| Zhang, M | 1 |
| Liu, Y | 3 |
| Wang, Y | 3 |
| Lv, F | 1 |
| McCall, WV | 6 |
| Mercado, K | 1 |
| Dzurny, TN | 1 |
| McCloud, LL | 1 |
| Krystal, AD | 9 |
| Benca, RM | 6 |
| Rosenquist, PB | 3 |
| Looney, SW | 1 |
| Youssef, NA | 1 |
| McCloud, L | 1 |
| Newman, JC | 1 |
| Case, D | 1 |
| Rumble, ME | 3 |
| Szabo, ST | 1 |
| Phillips, M | 1 |
| Song, Y | 1 |
| Liang, B | 1 |
| Rios, P | 1 |
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| Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Z-Drugs for the Treatment of Sleep Disorders in Alzheimer's Disease: a Randomized, Triple-blind, Placebo-controlled Study[NCT03075241] | Phase 3 | 62 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2016-10-31 | Completed | ||
| Sequenced Therapies for Comorbid and Primary Insomnias[NCT01651442] | 211 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2012-08-01 | Completed | |||
| Reducing Suicidal Ideation Through Insomnia Treatment[NCT01689909] | Phase 4 | 103 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2012-12-06 | Completed | ||
| Addressing Nocturnal Sleep/Wake Effects on Risk of Suicide in Older Adults (ANSWERS-OA): A Pilot, Open-Label, Randomized Controlled Trial of Digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia[NCT04986007] | 70 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2021-09-01 | Enrolling by invitation | |||
| A Randomized, Double-Blind, Single-Dose Study to Assess the Pharmacodynamic Effects of SM-1 Versus Comparator and Placebo in a 5 Hour Phase Advance Model of Insomnia in Adults Who Suffer From Short-Term Insomnia[NCT02671760] | Phase 2 | 39 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2016-02-29 | Completed | ||
| National Study, Phase IV, Single-center, Double-blind, Randomized, Parallel, Controlled by 10 mg Oral Zolpidem, in Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Zolpidem 5 mg Sublingual in the Induction and Maintenance of Sleep in Patients With Primary Insomnia[NCT01896336] | Phase 4 | 67 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2013-02-18 | Completed | ||
| A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Active Comparator, Parallel-Group Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Lemborexant in Subjects 55 Years and Older With Insomnia Disorder (SUNRISE 1)[NCT02783729] | Phase 3 | 1,006 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2016-05-31 | Completed | ||
| Lemborexant Augmentation of Naltrexone for Alcohol Craving and Sleep: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo- Controlled Study[NCT05458609] | Phase 3 | 14 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2023-02-09 | Enrolling by invitation | ||
| Multi-center, Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled, Active-reference, Parallel-group, Polysomnography Dose-response Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of ACT-541468 in Adult Subjects With Insomnia Disorder[NCT02839200] | Phase 2 | 360 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2016-10-04 | Completed | ||
| A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled and Active Comparator, 4 Period Crossover Study to Evaluate the Effect of Lemborexant Versus Placebo and Zolpidem on Postural Stability, Auditory Awakening Threshold, and Cognitive Performance in Healthy Subj[NCT03008447] | Phase 1 | 60 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2016-11-21 | Completed | ||
| Acupuncture for Breast Cancer-related Insomnia : a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial[NCT05510700] | 264 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2022-10-20 | Recruiting | |||
| A Long-Term Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled, Parallel Group Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Lemborexant in Subjects With Insomnia Disorder (SUNRISE 2)[NCT02952820] | Phase 3 | 971 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2016-11-15 | Completed | ||
| Behavioral and Pharmacological Treatment for Insomnia[NCT00042146] | Phase 4 | 160 participants | Interventional | 2001-12-31 | Completed | ||
| An Observational Study Investigating the Experience of Patients Undergoing Active Insomnia Clinical Trials[NCT05978271] | 500 participants (Anticipated) | Observational | 2024-08-31 | Not yet recruiting | |||
| Multi-center, Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled, Active Reference, Parallel-group Polysomnography Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of a 16-day Oral Administration of ACT-078573 in Adult Subjects With Chronic Primary Insomnia[NCT00608985] | Phase 3 | 709 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2008-03-31 | Completed | ||
| A Phase III, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel Group Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of MK-4305 in Patients With Primary Insomnia - Study B[NCT01097629] | Phase 3 | 1,020 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2010-05-03 | Completed | ||
| A Phase III, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel Group Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of MK-4305 in Patients With Primary Insomnia - Study A[NCT01097616] | Phase 3 | 1,023 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2010-05-05 | Completed | ||
| Abuse Liability Associated With Chronic Hypnotic Use[NCT01006525] | 116 participants (Actual) | Observational | 2005-12-31 | Completed | |||
| Development of a Coordinated, Community-Based Medication Management Model for Home-Dwelling Aged in Primary Care[NCT02545257] | 191 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2015-09-30 | Completed | |||
| PD 0200390 Dose-Ranging Trial: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel Group, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter Outpatient Trial of PD 0200390 in Adults With Nonrestorative Sleep[NCT00655369] | Phase 2 | 306 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2008-04-30 | Completed | ||
| Refinement Of Patient Reported Outcomes Instruments In Subjects With Insomnia Characterized By Nonrestorative Sleep[NCT00705601] | 64 participants (Actual) | Observational | 2008-08-31 | Terminated (stopped due to See Detailed Description) | |||
| Conditioning & Open-Label Placebo (COLP) for Opioid Management in Intensive Inpatient Rehabilitation[NCT05351333] | 66 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2022-08-03 | Recruiting | |||
| Treatment of High-altitude Sleep Disturbance: A Double-blind Comparison of Temazepam Versus Acetazolamide.[NCT01519544] | 34 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2012-03-31 | Completed | |||
| Maintenance Psychotherapies in Recurrent Depression: Study II[NCT00227981] | 93 participants | Interventional | 1995-03-31 | Completed | |||
| A Study of the Safety of Ramelteon in Elderly Subjects[NCT00568789] | Phase 4 | 33 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2006-06-30 | Completed | ||
| Efficacy, Safety and Tolerability of Zolpidem in the Treatment of Children Aged 6 to 17 Years With ADHD-Associated Insomnia. A Multicentre, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study[NCT00318448] | Phase 3 | 201 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2006-04-30 | Completed | ||
| Non-inferiority Study of Telemedicine Versus Conventional CBT-I in Recently Hospitalized Patients With Insomnia[NCT03267537] | 74 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2017-06-13 | Recruiting | |||
| Efficacy Potential of an Internet-based Sleep Program to Improve Sleep Quality in People With HIV[NCT02571595] | 27 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2015-05-31 | Terminated | |||
| Feasibility Study of a Hypnosis Intervention and a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Intervention to Reduce Fatigue in Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer[NCT04999306] | 60 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2023-05-17 | Recruiting | |||
| Randomized Controlled Trials to Evaluate Health enSuite Insomnia: an App Based Treatment for Adult Chronic Insomnia[NCT04962087] | 830 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2022-06-29 | Not yet recruiting | |||
| Comparison of Zolpidem Tartrate Extended-Release vs. Placebo in Treatment of Insomnia Associated With Newly Diagnosed Major Depressive Disorder(MDD) or Untreated MDD Relapse, When Used Concomitantly With Escitalopram[NCT00296179] | Phase 4 | 372 participants | Interventional | 2006-02-28 | Completed | ||
| The Effect of Marijuana and Prescription Medications in Mood, Performance and Sleep[NCT00893269] | Phase 1 | 36 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2008-10-31 | Completed | ||
| A Double-blind, Double-dummy, Randomised, Placebo-controlled,Four-way Crossover Study to Investigate the Effect of Single Oral Doses of SB-649868 and of Zolpidem in a Model of Noise Induced Situational Insomnia in Healthy Male Volunteers.[NCT00440323] | Phase 1 | 52 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2007-01-05 | Completed | ||
| [NCT00005753] | 0 participants | Observational | 1997-06-30 | Completed | |||
| Efficacy of Cranial Manual Therapy in the Treatment of Chronic Insomnia Disorder[NCT05257317] | 50 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2022-02-28 | Recruiting | |||
| Web-based Cognitive Behavioral Treatment for Insomnia in Dementia Caregivers[NCT04632628] | 60 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2022-01-01 | Recruiting | |||
| Evaluation of the Benefits of Individualized Advice Administration on Quality of Sleep for the Elderly Living at Home Prospective, Monocentric and Open Study[NCT03594851] | 45 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2018-01-08 | Completed | |||
| "Evaluation of the Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Zolpidem-MR 12.5 mg Compared to Placebo, When Both Are Administered Over a Long-Term Period as Needed, in Patients With Chronic Primary Insomnia"[NCT00425243] | Phase 3 | 1,025 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2004-08-31 | Completed | ||
| [information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] | |||||||
The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) is a self-report questionnaire assessing the nature, severity, and impact of insomnia. Remission is determined to be a score less-than 8. (NCT01651442)
Timeframe: 6 weeks, 12 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months & 12 months
| Intervention | percent remitted (Number) |
|---|---|
| Non-drug Sleep Therapy 1 | 40.00 |
| Sleep Medication 1 | 34.94 |
| Sleep Medication 1 Plus Non-drug Sleep Therapy 1 | 37.04 |
| Sleep Medication 1 Plus Sleep Medication 2 | 48.15 |
| Non-drug Sleep Therapy 1 Plus Non-drug Sleep Therapy 1 | 44.44 |
| Non-drug Sleep Therapy 1 Plus Sleep Medication 1 | 55.56 |
"This device measures arm motion over time, reported as average actigraphic activity Level. The scale is reported as a continuous measure ranging from 0-200, and reported as the average score for each hour for all 24-hours of the day. Higher score represent greater c=activity at that point in time" (NCT01689909)
Timeframe: 8 weeks of treatment
| Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Scale for Suicide Ideation Score Greater Than or Equal to 6 | 150 |
| Scale for Suicide Ideation Score Less Than 6 | 170 |
This is one of the subscales of the Basis 32. It is self-administered. This subscale has 7 items, each scored 0-4. The totals score is an average of the scores of these 7 items. Higher scores indicate more difficulty with daily living and role functioning. (NCT01689909)
Timeframe: 8 weeks of treatment
| Intervention | units on a scale (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Zolpidem-CR | 1.51 |
| Placebo | 1.60 |
The Beck Hopelessness Scale is self administered and has 20 'true/false' choices. Some items are reversed scored. The range of scores for the total is 0-20, with higher scores indicating greater hopelessness (NCT01689909)
Timeframe: 8 weeks of treatment
| Intervention | units on a scale (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Zolpidem-CR | 9.40 |
| Placebo | 9.63 |
"The suicide ideation scale of the C-SSRS is rated 0-5, with 0 meaning no suicidal ideation, 1 meaning a wish t be dead, 2 meaning non-specific active suicidal thoughts, 3 meaning active suicidal ideation with any methods but no plan or intent, 4 meaning active suicidal ideation with some intent but no specific plan, and 5 meaning active suicidal ideation with intent and a specific plan" (NCT01689909)
Timeframe: 8 weeks of treatment
| Intervention | units on a scale (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Zolpidem-CR | 0.5447 |
| Placebo | 0.8067 |
This self-rated scale has 5 items, with asymmetric weighting of each item. The range of the total score is 0-37, with higher scores indicating worse nightmares (NCT01689909)
Timeframe: 8 weeks of treatment
| Intervention | units on a scale (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Zolpidem-CR | 5.74 |
| Placebo | 6.44 |
The Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes About Sleep scale has 16 items and is self administered. Each item is scored 0-10. The total score is an average of the scores of the 16 items. Hence the range of the total score is also 0-10, with higher scores indicating greater dysfunctional beliefs about sleep (NCT01689909)
Timeframe: 8 weeks of treatment
| Intervention | units on a scale (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Zolpidem-CR | 6.03 |
| Placebo | 6.07 |
This version of the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression uses 24 items, with a possible total score ranging from 0-74, with higher scores indicating worse depression (NCT01689909)
Timeframe: 8 weeks of treatment
| Intervention | units on a scale (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Zolpidem-CR | 14.93 |
| Placebo | 15.89 |
The Insomnia Severity Index is self rated. It has 7 items, each scored 0-4. Therefore the range of scores is 0-28, with higher scores indicating worse insomnia (NCT01689909)
Timeframe: 8 weeks of treatment
| Intervention | units on a scale (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Zolpidem-CR | 11.28 |
| Placebo | 13.72 |
This is the total score for the Scale for Suicide Ideation. It has 19 items, each scored 0-2, for a maximum of 38 points. Higher scores indicate worse suicidal ideation (NCT01689909)
Timeframe: Over 8 weeks of treatment
| Intervention | units on a scale (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Zolpidem-CR | 4.66 |
| Placebo | 5.25 |
Safety and tolerability assessed in terms of the incidence of AEs (NCT02671760)
Timeframe: 8 hours
| Intervention | Number of Events (Number) |
|---|---|
| Treatment | 2 |
| Comparator | 3 |
| Placebo | 2 |
(NCT02671760)
Timeframe: 8 hours
| Intervention | Awakenings (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Treatment | 12.2 |
| Comparator | 11.0 |
| Placebo | 9.6 |
Time it takes to fall asleep (NCT02671760)
Timeframe: 8 hours
| Intervention | minutes (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Treatment | 31.2 |
| Comparator | 42.1 |
| Placebo | 50.1 |
Time required to achieve REM sleep (NCT02671760)
Timeframe: 8 hours
| Intervention | minutes (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Treatment | 112.5 |
| Comparator | 71.3 |
| Placebo | 61.2 |
Digit Symbol Substitution Test. The test score is number of correct answers in 90 seconds. Higher scores indicate favorable response (i.e., less residual sleepiness). The duration of the challenge is the 90 second time limit; there is no theoretical maximum score to attain. (NCT02671760)
Timeframe: 8 hours
| Intervention | Correct answers (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Treatment | 53.1 |
| Comparator | 53.3 |
| Placebo | 55.3 |
Karolinska Sleepiness Scale. This is a 9-point scale with values ranging from 1 (extremely alert) to 9 (extremely sleepy). Lower scores indicate less residual sleepiness. (NCT02671760)
Timeframe: 8 hours
| Intervention | Units on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Treatment | 5.8 |
| Comparator | 6.0 |
| Placebo | 6.1 |
(NCT02671760)
Timeframe: 8 hours
| Intervention | minutes (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Treatment | 382.9 |
| Comparator | 339.2 |
| Placebo | 256.2 |
"The FSS is a self-report scale on which participants are instructed to choose a number from 1 to 7 that indicates their degree of agreement with each of 9 statements about their fatigue where 1 indicates strongly disagree, and 7 indicates strongly agree. The FSS total score was the sum of all responses to the 9 questions. The FSS average item score was the average of the score for each item. Higher total scores and higher average item scores indicated greater fatigue." (NCT02783729)
Timeframe: Baseline and Day 31
| Intervention | score on scale (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Change at Day 31 | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 37.42 | -8.00 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 37.47 | -8.14 |
| Placebo | 37.48 | -6.75 |
| Zolpidem Tartrate Extended Release 6.25 mg | 37.15 | -7.80 |
Body sway is detected through a cable around the participant's waist by the ataxia meter. Body sway is measured in units of one-third degree of the angle of arc. For ease in reporting, these are called arbitrary units, with a higher number indicating more body sway (less postural stability). Change from baseline in mean body sway on Days 2 and 3 was reported. (NCT02783729)
Timeframe: Baseline, Days 2/3
| Intervention | one-third degree of angle of arc (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Change at Days 2/3 | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 36.29 | -8.97 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 26.40 | -0.82 |
| Zolpidem Tartrate Extended Release 6.25 mg | 26.96 | 8.47 |
LPS is defined as the time in minutes from lights off to the first epoch of 20 consecutive epochs of non- wakefulness as measured by PSG. Change from baseline to average LPS on Day 29 and 30 was reported. (NCT02783729)
Timeframe: Baseline, Days 29/30
| Intervention | minutes (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Change at Days 29/30 | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 44.61 | -21.46 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 44.86 | -19.53 |
| Placebo | 43.89 | -7.93 |
LPS is defined as the time in minutes from lights off to the first epoch of 20 consecutive epochs of non-wakefulness as measured by the PSG. WASO is defined as minutes of wake from the onset of persistent sleep until lights on as measured by PSG. TST is defined as the amount of sleep in minutes from LPS until terminal awakening as measured by PSG. Change from baseline to average LPS, WASO, and TST on Days 1 and 2, and Days 29 and 30 were reported. (NCT02783729)
Timeframe: Baseline, Days 1/2, and Days 29/30
| Intervention | minutes (Mean) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LPS: Baseline | LPS: Change at Days 1/2 | LPS: Change at Days 29/30 | WASO: Baseline | WASO: Change at Days 1/2 | WASO: Change at Days 29/30 | TST: Baseline | TST: Change at Days 1/2 | TST: Change at Days 29/30 | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 44.61 | -19.48 | -21.46 | 114.83 | -59.59 | -46.43 | 325.07 | 79.58 | 67.86 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 44.86 | -16.59 | -19.53 | 113.44 | -49.96 | -43.89 | 328.00 | 65.22 | 61.99 |
| Zolpidem Tartrate Extended Release 6.25 mg | 44.52 | -12.56 | -7.51 | 114.31 | -44.36 | -36.50 | 326.99 | 55.31 | 43.34 |
LPS: amount of time in minutes from lights off to first epoch of 20 consecutive epochs of non-wakefulness. WASO: amount of time in minutes of wake from the onset of persistent sleep until lights. WASO2H: amount of time in minutes of wake during the interval from 240 minutes after lights off until lights on. TST: amount of time in minutes of sleep from sleep onset until terminal awakening. LPS, WASO, WASO2H, and TST were measured by PSG. Change from baseline to average LPS, WASO, WASO2H, and TST on Day 1 and 2 were reported. (NCT02783729)
Timeframe: Baseline, Days 1/2
| Intervention | minutes (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LPS: Baseline | LPS: Change at Days 1/2 | WASO: Baseline | WASO: Change at Days 1/2 | WASO2H: Baseline | WASO2H: Change at Days 1/2 | TST: Baseline | TST: Change at Days 1/2 | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 44.61 | -19.48 | 114.83 | -59.59 | 76.88 | -37.10 | 325.07 | 79.58 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 44.86 | -16.59 | 113.44 | -49.96 | 76.60 | -30.28 | 328.00 | 65.22 |
| Placebo | 43.89 | -6.45 | 111.75 | -15.07 | 74.44 | -7.06 | 330.67 | 19.44 |
POA reflects the ability to focus attention and process information. POA is calculated from the sum of simple reaction time, choice reaction time and digit vigilance. SOMT reflects time taken to retrieve information from working and episodic memory. SOMT is a composite score created by combining numerical working memory and spatial working memory and word recognition and picture recognition. Cognitive performance assessment was done by a computerized performance assessment battery (PAB) which was administered on a laptop computer. A positive change from baseline reflects impairment and a lower value of decrease from baseline indicates better performance. Change from baseline to average POA and SOMT on Days 2 and 3 was reported. (NCT02783729)
Timeframe: Baseline, Days 2/3
| Intervention | millisecond (Mean) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| POA: Baseine | POA : Days 2/3 | SOMT: Baseline | SOMT: Days 2/3 | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 1399.2 | 31.1 | 4619.8 | -152.8 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 1452.9 | 8.9 | 4674.3 | -185.1 |
| Placebo | 1421.0 | -14.2 | 4507.7 | -177.9 |
| Zolpidem Tartrate Extended Release 6.25 mg | 1418.7 | 37.1 | 4513.8 | 60.7 |
QOM represents the ability to store information in memory and subsequently retrieve it. It is a composite score created by combining accuracy measures from 2 sets of working memory and 4 sets of episodic memory. Two sets of working memory were included: numerical and spatial working memory, and ranges from -2 to 2. Four sets of episodic memory were included: immediate and delayed word recall, and word and picture recognition, and ranges from -200 to 400. COA is the ability to sustain attention. Number of correct responses (out of 50) for choice reaction time was added to total number of targets correctly identified (out of 45) digit vigilance minus number of false alarms (total score of -45 to 95). Higher values were better. Change from baseline to average QOM and COA on Days 2 and 3 was reported. (NCT02783729)
Timeframe: Baseline, Days 2/3
| Intervention | units on scale (Mean) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| QOM: Baseline | QOM: Change at Days 2/3 | COA: Baseline | COA: Change at Days2/3 | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 340.7 | -2.8 | 91.3 | -0.7 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 345.7 | 1.4 | 91.0 | 0.2 |
| Placebo | 342.2 | 3.5 | 90.7 | 0.0 |
| Zolpidem Tartrate Extended Release 6.25 mg | 350.0 | -12.1 | 90.6 | -1.0 |
SE is defined as percentage of time spent in bed asleep, calculated as TST divided by interval from lights off until lights on as measured by PSG, multiplied by 100. Change from baseline to average SE on Day 1 and 2 were reported. (NCT02783729)
Timeframe: Baseline, Days 1/2
| Intervention | Percentage of time in bed asleep (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| SE: Baseline | SE: Change at Days 1/2 | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 67.85 | 16.48 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 68.36 | 13.60 |
| Placebo | 68.89 | 4.22 |
SE is defined as percentage of time spent in bed asleep, calculated as total sleep time (TST) divided by interval from lights off until lights on as measured by PSG, multiplied by 100. Change from baseline to average SE on Day 29 and 30 was reported. (NCT02783729)
Timeframe: Baseline, Days 29/30
| Intervention | Percentage of time in bed asleep (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Change at Days 29/30 | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 67.85 | 14.09 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 68.36 | 12.93 |
| Placebo | 68.89 | 5.35 |
sSE: percentage of sTST per subjective time spent in bed asleep, calculated as the interval from the time attempted to sleep to time stopped trying to sleep for the night, and time spent asleep derived from subjective time spent in bed minus sWASO. sWASO: estimated minutes of wake at night after initial sleep onset to time stopped trying to sleep for the night. sSE was analyzed with DHR on an electronic sleep diary. Subjective measures were derived from sleep diaries entries, collected daily and analyzed at appropriate intervals. (NCT02783729)
Timeframe: First 7 nights (approximately Week 1) and Last 7 nights (approximately Week 4)
| Intervention | % of subjective time in bed asleep (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| sSE: Baseline: With DHR | sSE: Change at 1st 7 nights: With DHR | sSE: Change at last 7 nights: With DHR | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 54.31 | 13.97 | 16.12 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 56.05 | 10.56 | 12.92 |
| Placebo | 56.08 | 6.73 | 8.35 |
sSOL: estimated minutes from time attempted to sleep to sleep onset. sWASO: estimated minutes of wake at night after initial sleep onset to time stopped trying to sleep for the night. sTST: minutes of sleep from sleep onset to time stopped trying to sleep for the night. sSOL, sWASO, sTST were analyzed with DHR on an electronic sleep diary. Subjective measures were derived from sleep diaries entries, collected daily and analyzed at appropriate intervals. (NCT02783729)
Timeframe: First 7 nights (approximately Week 1) and Last 7 nights (approximately Week 4)
| Intervention | minutes (Mean) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| sSOL: Baseline: With DHR | sSOL: Change at 1st 7 nights :With DHR | sSOL: Change at last 7 nights: With DHR | sWASO: Baseline: With DHR | sWASO: Change at 1st 7 nights: With DHR | sWASO: Change at last 7 nights: With DHR | sTST: Baseline: With DHR | sTST: Change at 1st 7 nights: With DHR | sTST: Change at last 7 nights: With DHR | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 60.88 | -21.88 | -24.79 | 175.35 | -55.06 | -57.96 | 266.10 | 67.80 | 79.95 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 65.79 | -22.54 | -25.20 | 166.76 | -39.33 | -44.51 | 275.74 | 50.30 | 62.41 |
| Placebo | 55.90 | -6.83 | -8.10 | 170.89 | -27.92 | -36.01 | 276.23 | 30.86 | 38.98 |
WASO is defined as minutes of wake from the onset of persistent sleep until lights on as measured by PSG. Change from baseline to average WASO on Days 29 and 30 was reported. (NCT02783729)
Timeframe: Baseline, Days 29/30
| Intervention | minutes (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Change at Days 29/30 | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 114.83 | -46.43 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 113.44 | -43.89 |
| Placebo | 111.75 | -18.58 |
WASO2H is defined as the time in minutes of wake during the interval from 240 minutes after lights off until lights on. TST is defined as the amount of sleep in minutes from sleep onset until terminal awakening. WASO and TST were measured by PSG. Change from baseline to average WASO and TST on Day 29 and 30 were reported. (NCT02783729)
Timeframe: Baseline, Days 29/30
| Intervention | minutes (Mean) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WASO2H: Baseline | WASO2H: Days 29 /30 | TST: Baseline | TST: Days 29/30 | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 76.88 | -28.84 | 325.07 | 67.86 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 76.60 | -27.19 | 328.00 | 61.99 |
| Placebo | 74.44 | -8.92 | 330.67 | 25.65 |
The ISI is a 7-item self-report questionnaire assessing the nature, severity, and impact of insomnia. The dimensions evaluated were: severity of sleep onset; sleep maintenance; early morning awakening problems; sleep dissatisfaction; interference of sleep difficulties with daytime functioning; noticeability of the sleep problems by others; and distress caused by the sleep difficulties. A 5-point Likert scale was used to rate each item (from 0 = no problem to 4 = very severe problem) yielding a total score from 0 to 28. (NCT02783729)
Timeframe: Baseline and Day 31
| Intervention | score on scale (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Change at Day 31 | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 10.84 | -4.77 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 10.91 | -4.83 |
| Placebo | 11.21 | -3.88 |
| Zolpidem Tartrate Extended Release 6.25 mg | 11.06 | -5.24 |
sSE: percentage of sTST per subjective time spent in bed asleep, calculated as the interval from the time attempted to sleep to time stopped trying to sleep for the night, and time spent asleep derived from subjective time spent in bed minus sWASO. sWASO: estimated minutes of wake at night after initial sleep onset to time stopped trying to sleep for the night. sSE was analyzed with DHR on an electronic sleep diary. Subjective measures were derived from sleep diaries entries, collected daily and analyzed at appropriate intervals. (NCT02783729)
Timeframe: First 7 nights (approximately Week 1) and Last 7 nights (approximately Week 4)
| Intervention | % of subjective time in bed asleep (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| sSE: Baseline: With DHR | sSE: Change at 1st 7 nights: With DHR | sSE: Change at last 7 nights: With DHR | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 54.31 | 13.97 | 16.12 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 56.05 | 10.56 | 12.92 |
| Zolpidem Tartrate Extended Release 6.25 mg | 55.49 | 11.96 | 14.83 |
sSOL: estimated minutes from time attempted to sleep to sleep onset. sWASO: estimated minutes of wake at night after initial sleep onset to time stopped trying to sleep for the night. sTST: minutes of sleep from sleep onset to time stopped trying to sleep for the night. sSOL, sWASO, sTST were analyzed with diary handling rules (DHR) on an electronic sleep diary. Subjective measures were derived from sleep diaries entries, collected daily and analyzed at appropriate intervals. (NCT02783729)
Timeframe: First 7 nights (approximately Week 1) and Last 7 nights (approximately Week 4)
| Intervention | minutes (Mean) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| sSOL: Baseline: With DHR | sSOL: 1st 7 nights: With DHR | sSOL: last 7 nights: With DHR | sWASO: Baseline: With DHR | sWASO: Change at 1st 7 nights: With DHR | sWASO: Change at last 7 nights: With DHR | sTST: Baseline: With DHR | sTST: Change at 1st 7 nights: With DHR | sTST: Change at last 7 nights: With DHR | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 60.88 | -21.88 | -24.79 | 175.35 | -55.06 | -57.96 | 266.10 | 67.80 | 79.95 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 65.79 | -22.54 | -25.20 | 166.76 | -39.33 | -44.51 | 275.74 | 50.30 | 62.41 |
| Zolpidem Tartrate Extended Release 6.25 mg | 60.54 | -16.23 | -17.04 | 173.06 | -48.91 | -63.52 | 273.07 | 56.99 | 71.01 |
WASO2H is defined as time in minutes of wake during the interval from 240 minutes after lights off until lights on as measured by PSG. Change from baseline to average WASO2H on Days 29 and 30 was reported. (NCT02783729)
Timeframe: Baseline, Days 29/30
| Intervention | minutes (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Change at Days 29/30 | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 76.88 | -28.84 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 76.60 | -27.19 |
| Zolpidem Tartrate Extended Release 6.25 mg | 78.04 | -21.42 |
Objective sleep onset response: LPS less than or equal to (<=) 20 minutes (mins) provided baseline LPS was greater than (>) 30 mins. Subjective sleep onset response: sSOL <=20 mins provided mean baseline sSOL was >30 mins. Objective sleep maintenance response: WASO <=60 minutes provided baseline WASO was >60 mins and was reduced by >10 mins compared to baseline. Subjective sleep maintenance response: sWASO <=60 mins provided mean WASO was >60 mins and was reduced by >10 mins compared to baseline. Subjective measures were derived from sleep diaries entries, collected daily and analyzed at appropriate intervals. Average data for Days 1 and 2, Days 29 and 30, and first and last 7 nights of treatment period was reported. (NCT02783729)
Timeframe: Days 1/2, Days 29/30, first 7 night (approximately Week 1), and Last seven nights (approximately Week 4)
| Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LPS: Days 1/2 | LPS: Days 29/30 | sSOL: First 7 nights (with DHR) | sSOL: Last 7 nights (with DHR) | WASO: Days 1/2 | WASO: Days 29/30 | sWASO: First 7 nights (with DHR) | sWASO: Last 7 nights (with DHR) | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 17.8 | 22.3 | 10.4 | 14.5 | 64.3 | 46.1 | 20.4 | 23.0 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 15.8 | 20.3 | 9.8 | 16.9 | 51.1 | 44.4 | 16.9 | 23.3 |
| Placebo | 15.4 | 15.9 | 2.9 | 7.2 | 16.8 | 22.1 | 9.6 | 15.4 |
| Zolpidem Tartrate Extended Release 6.25 mg | 10.3 | 11.4 | 7.6 | 8.7 | 46.0 | 34.6 | 16.7 | 23.2 |
LPS is the duration of time in minutes from lights off to persistent sleep onset as determined by PSG (NCT02839200)
Timeframe: Baseline and Days 1&2
| Intervention | Minutes (Mean) |
|---|---|
| ACT-541468 5 mg | -26.88 |
| ACT-541468 10 mg | -29.31 |
| ACT-541468 25 mg | -36.14 |
| ACT-541468 50 mg | -36.41 |
| Zolpidem | -45.14 |
| Placebo | -22.02 |
sLSO is the self-reported time to fall asleep, as reported in the sleep diary (NCT02839200)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 4
| Intervention | Minutes (Mean) |
|---|---|
| ACT-541468 5 mg | -13.38 |
| ACT-541468 10 mg | -21.07 |
| ACT-541468 25 mg | -15.50 |
| ACT-541468 50 mg | -23.65 |
| Zolpidem | -19.98 |
| Placebo | -16.32 |
sWASO is the self-reported time spent awake after sleep onset as reported in the sleep diary. (NCT02839200)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 4
| Intervention | Minutes (Mean) |
|---|---|
| ACT-541468 5 mg | -31.32 |
| ACT-541468 10 mg | -24.35 |
| ACT-541468 25 mg | -29.8 |
| ACT-541468 50 mg | -35.45 |
| Zolpidem | -29.08 |
| Placebo | -23.61 |
WASO is the time in minutes spent awake after onset of persistent sleep until lights on as determined by polysomnography (PSG) (NCT02839200)
Timeframe: Baseline and Days 1&2
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| ACT-541468 5 mg | -28.4 |
| ACT-541468 10 mg | -32.3 |
| ACT-541468 25 mg | -37.7 |
| ACT-541468 50 mg | -47.1 |
| Zolpidem | -29.9 |
| Placebo | -21.4 |
"The FSS is a self-reported scale on which participants were instructed to choose a number from 1 to 7 that indicated their degree of agreement with 9 statements about their fatigue where 1 indicates strongly disagree and 7, strongly agree. The FSS total score was the sum of all responses to the 9 questions. Higher total scores and average item scores indicated greater fatigue. Total score range is 9 to 63." (NCT02952820)
Timeframe: Baseline, Months 1, 3 and 6
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Change at Month 1 | Change at Month 3 | Change at Month 6 | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 36.0 | -6.4 | -7.9 | -8.9 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 37.4 | -6.6 | -7.7 | -10.1 |
| Placebo | 35.2 | -3.9 | -4.3 | -6.3 |
The ISI is a 4-7 item, self-report questionnaire assessing the nature, severity, and impact of insomnia. The dimensions evaluated were: 1. severity of sleep onset; 2. sleep maintenance; 3. early morning awakening problems; 4. sleep dissatisfaction; 5. interference of sleep difficulties with daytime functioning; 6. noticeability of the sleep problems by others; and 7. distress caused by the sleep difficulties. A 5-point Likert scale was used to rate each item (from 0=no problem to 4=very severe problem). Daytime functioning score (sum of items 4 to 7) were analyzed. Higher score indicated severe insomnia problem. The total score range for sum of items is 0-16. (NCT02952820)
Timeframe: Baseline, Months 1, 3, and 6
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Change at Month 1 | Change at Month 3 | Change at Month 6 | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 11.0 | -4.2 | -5.2 | -5.7 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 11.4 | -4.1 | -5.2 | -6.0 |
| Placebo | 11.0 | -3.1 | -3.7 | -4.3 |
"The Sleep Diary was used to assess subjective ratings of morning sleepiness with the following question:~How sleepy/alert do you feel this morning? Participants rated their sleepiness/alertness level on a scale from 1 to 9, with 1 being extremely poor (sleepy) and 9 being extremely good (alert). Higher score indicated better outcome." (NCT02952820)
Timeframe: Baseline, Months 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Change at Month 1 of exposure | Change at Month 3 of exposure | Change at Month 6 of exposure | Change at Month 9 of exposure | Change at Month 12 of exposure | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 4.16 | 0.42 | 0.70 | 0.86 | 1.08 | 1.31 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 4.15 | 0.46 | 0.60 | 0.78 | 1.00 | 1.11 |
(NCT02952820)
Timeframe: Baseline, First 7 nights (approximately Week 1) in active treatment period
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Change at First 7 nights | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 4.16 | 0.33 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 4.15 | 0.36 |
"The Sleep Diary was used to assess subjective ratings of morning sleepiness with the following question:~How sleepy/alert do you feel this morning? Participants rated their sleepiness/alertness level on a scale from 1 to 9, with 1 being extremely poor (sleepy) and 9 being extremely good (alert). Higher score indicated better outcome." (NCT02952820)
Timeframe: Baseline, (mean of 7 nights [approximately Week 1]) in placebo-controlled period, Month 1, 3, 6
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Change at First 7 nights | Change at Month 1 | Change at Month 3 | Change at Month 6 | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 3.93 | 0.33 | 0.55 | 0.90 | 1.05 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 3.93 | 0.36 | 0.53 | 0.74 | 0.98 |
| Placebo | 3.94 | 0.15 | 0.44 | 0.62 | 0.79 |
sSOL was defined as estimated minutes from time attempted to sleep to sleep onset. (NCT02952820)
Timeframe: Baseline, (mean of 7 nights [approximately Week 1]), Months 1 and 3
| Intervention | minutes (Mean) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Change at 1st 7 nights | Change at Month 1 | Change at Month 3 | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 64.97 | -18.89 | -24.06 | -27.94 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 62.19 | -16.86 | -19.41 | -25.08 |
| Placebo | 64.03 | -4.11 | -11.48 | -13.84 |
sTST was defined as minutes of sleep from sleep onset to time stopped trying to sleep for the night. (NCT02952820)
Timeframe: Baseline, (mean of 7 nights [approximately Week 1]), Months 1, 3 and 6
| Intervention | minutes (Mean) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Change at first 7 nights | Change at Month 1 | Change at Month 3 | Change at Month 6 | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 306.89 | 46.01 | 53.22 | 70.95 | 78.32 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 315.52 | 34.29 | 39.32 | 65.82 | 76.21 |
| Placebo | 304.25 | 14.78 | 30.74 | 48.16 | 53.53 |
sSE was defined as percentage of subjective total sleep time (sTST) divided by subjective time spent in bed, calculated as the interval from the time the participant reported attempting to sleep until the time participant stopped trying to sleep for the night (operationalized as the time the participant got out of bed for the day), and time spent asleep derived from subjective time spent in bed minus sWASO. (NCT02952820)
Timeframe: Baseline, (mean of 7 nights [approximately Week 1]), Months 1, 3 and 6
| Intervention | percentage of sTST (Mean) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Change at 1st 7 nights | Change at Month 1 | Change at Month 3 | Change at Month 6 | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 62.03 | 8.27 | 9.92 | 13.61 | 15.55 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 63.14 | 6.61 | 7.87 | 13.03 | 15.34 |
| Placebo | 61.34 | 2.68 | 6.11 | 9.16 | 10.36 |
sSOL was defined as estimated minutes from the time that the participant attempted to sleep until sleep onset. (NCT02952820)
Timeframe: Baseline and Month 6
| Intervention | minutes (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Change at Month 6 | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 64.97 | -32.49 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 62.19 | -29.39 |
| Placebo | 64.03 | -16.57 |
sWASO was defined as sum of estimated minutes of wake during the night after initial sleep onset until the time the participant stopped trying to sleep for the night, operationalized as the time the participant got out of bed for the day. (NCT02952820)
Timeframe: Baseline, (mean of 7 nights [approximately Week 1]), Months 1, 3 and 6
| Intervention | minutes (Mean) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Change at first 7 nights | Change at Month 1 | Change at Month 3 | Change at Month 6 | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 136.83 | -23.30 | -26.82 | -39.42 | -48.12 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 132.77 | -20.21 | -23.42 | -42.98 | -51.45 |
| Placebo | 132.49 | -6.12 | -19.01 | -27.08 | -32.14 |
"The Sleep Diary was used to assess subjective ratings of morning sleepiness with the following question:~How sleepy/alert do you feel this morning? Participants rated their sleepiness/alertness level on a scale from 1 to 9, with 1 being extremely poor (sleepy) and 9 being extremely good (alert). Higher score indicated better outcome." (NCT02952820)
Timeframe: Screening, First and second 7 mornings in follow-up period (Week 52 to 54)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Screening | Change at First 7 mornings | Change at Second 7 mornings | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 3.54 | 1.32 | 1.22 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 3.63 | 1.03 | 0.98 |
Sleep onset responder was defined as follows: sSOL at study Baseline was >=30 minutes and mean sSOL at 6 months was <=20 minutes. Sleep maintenance responder was defined as follows: sWASO at study Baseline was >=60 minutes and mean sWASO at 6 months was <=60 minutes and showed a reduction of > 10 minutes compared to study Baseline. (NCT02952820)
Timeframe: Month 12
| Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) | |
|---|---|---|
| Sleep Onset Responders | Sleep Maintainance Responders | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 37.2 | 39.6 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 34.2 | 35.0 |
Sleep onset responder was defined as follows: sSOL at study Baseline was greater than or equal to (>=) 30 minutes and mean sSOL at 6 months was less than or equal to (<=) 20 minutes. Sleep maintenance responder was defined as follows: sWASO at study Baseline was >=60 minutes and mean sWASO at 6 months was <=60 minutes and showed a reduction of greater than (>)10 minutes compared to Study Baseline. (NCT02952820)
Timeframe: Month 6
| Intervention | percentage of responders (Number) | |
|---|---|---|
| Sleep Onset Responders | Sleep Maintenance Responders | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 30.1 | 30.0 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 31.2 | 35.0 |
| Placebo | 17.7 | 20.4 |
sSE was defined as percentage of sTST per subjective time spent in bed, calculated as the interval from the time the participant reports attempting to sleep until the time the participant stopped trying to sleep for the night (operationalized as the time the participant got out of bed for the day), and time spent asleep derived from subjective time spent in bed minus sWASO. At each month beyond Month 1, the change from Baseline was compared to the lower bound of the 95% CI at Month 1. Persistence of efficacy was defined as present if the mean change from Baseline at Month 6 was above the lower bound of the 95% CI at Month 1 for sSE. (NCT02952820)
Timeframe: Baseline, Months 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12
| Intervention | percentage of sTST (Least Squares Mean) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Change at Month 1 of exposure | Change at Month 3 of exposure | Change at Month 6 of exposure | Change at Month 9 of exposure | Change at Month 12 of exposure | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 7.32 | 10.25 | 11.08 | 12.84 | 13.66 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 6.35 | 10.01 | 11.10 | 11.85 | 12.61 |
sSOL was defined as estimated minutes from the time that the participant attempted to sleep until sleep onset. sWASO was defined as sum of estimated minutes of wake during the night after initial sleep onset until the time the participant stopped trying to sleep for the night, operationalized as the time the participant got out of bed for the day. sTST: minutes of sleep from sleep onset to time stopped trying to sleep for the night. At each month beyond Month 1, the change from Baseline was compared to either the lower bound of the 95% CI (for sTST) or the upper bound of the 95% CI (for sSOL and sWASO) at Month 1. Persistence of efficacy was defined as present if the mean change from Baseline at Month 6 was above the lower bound of the 95% CI at Month 1 for sTST and below the upper bound of the 95% CI at Month 1 for sSOL and sWASO. (NCT02952820)
Timeframe: Baseline, Month 1, 3, 6, 9, 12
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| sSOL: Change at Month 1 of exposure | sSOL: Change at Month 3 of exposure | sSOL: Change at Month 6 of exposure | sSOL: Change at Month 9 of exposure | sSOL: Change at Month 12 of exposure | sWASO: Change at Month 1 of exposure | sWASO: Change at Month 3 of exposure | sWASO: Change at Month 6 of exposure | sWASO: Change at Month 9 of exposure | sWASO: Change at Month 12 of exposure | sTST: Change at Month 1 of exposure | sTST: Change at Month 3 of exposure | sTST: Change at Month 6 of exposure | sTST: Change at Month 9 of exposure | sTST: Change at Month 12 of exposure | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | -18.64 | -21.58 | -22.99 | -27.36 | -26.32 | -18.69 | -28.97 | -31.54 | -40.39 | -43.76 | 38.04 | 53.51 | 56.36 | 61.13 | 66.50 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | -17.17 | -21.47 | -24.13 | -26.00 | -25.83 | -17.26 | -31.34 | -36.10 | -39.28 | -42.87 | 31.98 | 49.27 | 54.99 | 55.41 | 58.15 |
sSE: percentage of sTST per subjective time spent in bed, calculated as the interval from the time the participant reports attempting to sleep until the time the participant stopped trying to sleep for the night (operationalized as the time the subject got out of bed for the day), and time spent asleep derived from subjective time spent in bed minus sWASO. At each month beyond Month 7, the change from Baseline was compared to the lower bound of the 95% CI for sSE at Month 7. Persistence of effect was defined as present if the mean change from Baseline at Month 12 was above the lower bound of the 95% CI at Month 7 for sSE. (NCT02952820)
Timeframe: Baseline, Month 7, 9, 12
| Intervention | percentage of sTST (Least Squares Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Change at Month 7 of exposure | Change at Month 9 of exposure | Change at Month 12 of exposure | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 15.12 | 16.49 | 16.82 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 12.88 | 16.54 | 16.34 |
sSOL is defined as estimated minutes from the time that the participant attempted to sleep until sleep onset. sWASO: sum of estimated minutes of wake during the night after initial sleep onset until the time the participant stopped trying to sleep for the night, operationalized as the time the participant got out of bed for the day. sTST: minutes of sleep from sleep onset to time stopped trying to sleep for the night. At each month beyond Month 7, the change from Baseline was compared to either the lower bound of the 95% CI for sTST or the upper bound of the 95% CI (for sSOL and sWASO) at Month 7. Persistence of effect was defined as present if the mean change from Baseline at Month 12 was above the lower bound of the 95% CI at Month 7 for sTST and below the upper bound of the 95% CI at Month 7 for sSOL and sWASO. (NCT02952820)
Timeframe: Baseline, Month 7, 9, 12
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| sSOL: Change at Month 7 of exposure | sSOL: Change at Month 9 of exposure | sSOL: Change at Month 12 of exposure | sWASO: Change at Month 7 of exposure | sWASO: Change at Month 9 of exposure | sWASO: Change at Month 12 of exposure | sTST: Change at Month 7 of exposure | sTST: Change at Month 9 of exposure | sTST: Change at Month 12 of exposure | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | -29.46 | -30.91 | -31.33 | -43.09 | -48.87 | -49.28 | 76.95 | 81.24 | 83.61 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | -28.55 | -32.10 | -31.40 | -45.62 | -47.70 | -48.46 | 75.00 | 78.69 | 78.61 |
sSE was defined as percentage of sTST per subjective time spent in bed, calculated as the interval from the time the participant reports attempting to sleep until the time the participant stopped trying to sleep for the night (operationalized as the time the participant got out of bed for the day), and time spent asleep derived from subjective time spent in bed minus sWASO. At 3 and 6 months of exposure, the change from Baseline was compared to the lower bound of the 95% CI for sSE at 1 month of exposure. Persistence of effect was defined as present if the mean change from Baseline at 6 months of exposure was above the lower bound of the 95% CI at 1 month of exposure for sSE. (NCT02952820)
Timeframe: Baseline, Month 1, 3, 6
| Intervention | percentage of sTST (Least Squares Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Change at Month 1 of exposure | Change at Month 3 of exposure | Change at Month 6 of exposure | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 7.32 | 10.25 | 11.08 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 6.35 | 10.01 | 11.10 |
sSOL was defined as estimated minutes from the time that the participant attempted to sleep until sleep onset. sWASO: sum of estimated minutes of wake during the night after initial sleep onset until the time the participant stopped trying to sleep for the night, operationalized as the time the participant got out of bed for the day. sTST: minutes of sleep from sleep onset to time stopped trying to sleep for the night. At 3 and 6 months of exposure, the change from Baseline was compared to either the lower bound of the 95% CI for sTST or the upper bound of the 95% CI (for sSOL and sWASO) at 1 month of exposure. Persistence of effect was defined as present if the mean change from Baseline at 6 months of exposure was above the lower bound of the 95% CI at 1 month of exposure for sTST and below the upper bound of the 95% CI at 1 month of exposure for sSOL and sWASO. (NCT02952820)
Timeframe: Baseline, Month 1, 3, 6
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| sSOL: Change at Month 1 of exposure | sSOL: Change at Month 3 of exposure | sSOL: Change at Month 6 of exposure | sWASO: Change at Month 1 of exposure | sWASO: Change at Month 3 of exposure | sWASO: Change at Month 6 of exposure | sTST: Change at Month 1 of exposure | sTST: Change at Month 3 of exposure | sTST: Change at Month 6 of exposure | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | -18.64 | -21.58 | -22.99 | -18.69 | -28.97 | -31.54 | 38.04 | 53.51 | 56.36 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | -17.17 | -21.47 | -24.13 | -17.26 | -31.34 | -36.10 | 31.98 | 49.27 | 54.99 |
Rebound Insomnia: Rebound insomnia was defined as insomnia that occurred following discontinuation of a sedative substance taken to relieve primary insomnia. sSOL was defined as estimated minutes from the time that the participant attempted to sleep until sleep onset. (NCT02952820)
Timeframe: First 3 nights, first and Last 7 nights of the follow up period (Week 52 to 54)
| Intervention | minutes (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean of first 3 nights | Mean sSOL of the first 7 nights | Mean sSOL of the second 7 nights | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 41.73 | 41.90 | 41.30 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 40.35 | 41.35 | 44.10 |
Rebound Insomnia: Rebound insomnia was defined as insomnia that occurred following discontinuation of a sedative substance taken to relieve primary insomnia. sWASO was defined as sum of estimated minutes of wake during the night after initial sleep onset until the time the participant stopped trying to sleep for the night, operationalized as the time the participant got out of bed for the day. (NCT02952820)
Timeframe: First 3 nights, first and last 7 nights of the follow up period (Week 52 to 54)
| Intervention | minutes (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean of first 3 nights | Mean of the first 7 nights | Mean of the Last 7 nights | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 97.88 | 95.79 | 98.19 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 86.66 | 91.56 | 92.62 |
Rebound Insomnia: Rebound insomnia was defined as insomnia that occurred following discontinuation of a sedative substance taken to relieve primary insomnia. sSOL was defined as estimated minutes from the time that the participant attempted to sleep until sleep onset. (NCT02952820)
Timeframe: First 3 nights, first and last 7 nights of the follow up period (Week 52 to 54)
| Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Average of first 3 nights | Average of first 7 nights | Average of second 7 nights | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 9.38 | 10.53 | 9.38 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 9.46 | 11.94 | 11.71 |
Rebound Insomnia: Rebound insomnia was defined as insomnia that occurred following discontinuation of a sedative substance taken to relieve primary insomnia. sWASO was defined as sum of estimated minutes of wake during the night after initial sleep onset until the time the participant stopped trying to sleep for the night, operationalized as the time the participant got out of bed for the day. (NCT02952820)
Timeframe: First 3 nights, First and Last 7 nights of the follow up period (Week 52 to 54)
| Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Average of first 3 nights | Average of first 7 nights | Average of second 7 nights | |
| Lemborexant 10 mg | 12.59 | 14.19 | 11.90 |
| Lemborexant 5 mg | 11.26 | 12.39 | 13.51 |
LPS was defined as the time from the start of the PSG recording to the beginning of the first continuous 20 epochs (i.e., 10 minutes) scored as non-wake (i.e., either sleep stage 1 (S1), sleep stage 2 (S2), slow-wave sleep (SWS), or rapid eye movement sleep(REM)) as determined by PSG (NCT00608985)
Timeframe: From baseline to Day 1&2
| Intervention | minutes (Median) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Day 1&2 | Change from baseline to day 1&2 | |
| Almorexant 100mg | 57.4 | 28.8 | -24.8 |
| Almorexant 200mg | 54.1 | 25.0 | -22.5 |
| Placebo | 57.3 | 37.5 | -15.8 |
| Zolpidem 10mg | 56.5 | 22.5 | -29.4 |
"WASO was defined as the time spent in epochs scored as wake after onset of persistent sleep as determined by polysomnography (PSG) until lights on.~For WASO assessed at the study center, the mean of the 2 PSG nights at each of Visits 3 and 4 was used for Day 1&2 and Day 15&16" (NCT00608985)
Timeframe: From baseline to Day 1&2
| Intervention | minutes (Median) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Day 1&2 | Change from baseline to day 1&2 | |
| Almorexant 100mg | 86.6 | 54.5 | -29.0 |
| Almorexant 200mg | 92.3 | 46.4 | -40.4 |
| Placebo | 85.0 | 72.8 | -11.8 |
| Zolpidem 10mg | 76.5 | 54.6 | -17.9 |
LPS was defined as the time from the start of the PSG recording to the beginning of the first continuous 20 epochs (i.e., 10 minutes) scored as non-wake (i.e., either sleep stage 1 (S1), sleep stage 2 (S2), slow-wave sleep (SWS), or rapid eye movement sleep(REM)) as determined by PSG (NCT00608985)
Timeframe: From baseline to Day 15&16
| Intervention | minutes (Median) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Day 15&16 | Change from baseline to day 15&16 | |
| Almorexant 100mg | 57.4 | 29.3 | -23.5 |
| Almorexant 200mg | 54.1 | 24.1 | -26.5 |
| Placebo | 57.3 | 30.0 | -20.0 |
| Zolpidem 10mg | 56.5 | 24.6 | -32.3 |
"WASO was defined as the time spent in epochs scored as wake after onset of persistent sleep as determined by polysomnography (PSG) until lights on.~For WASO assessed at the study center, the mean of the 2 PSG nights at each of Visits 3 and 4 was used for Day 1&2 and Day 15&16" (NCT00608985)
Timeframe: From baseline to Day 15&16
| Intervention | minutes (Median) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Day 15&16 | Change from baseline to Day 15&16 | |
| Almorexant 100mg | 86.6 | 55.8 | -29.6 |
| Almorexant 200mg | 92.3 | 51.8 | -36.3 |
| Placebo | 85.0 | 65.0 | -18.3 |
| Zolpidem 10mg | 76.5 | 63.0 | -15.1 |
sLSO was the self-reported time to fall asleep as reported in the sleep diary (NCT00608985)
Timeframe: From baseline to Week 1&2
| Intervention | minutes (Median) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Week 1&2 | Change from baseline to week 1&2 | |
| Almorexant 100mg | 55.0 | 36.5 | -16.2 |
| Almorexant 200mg | 53.3 | 34.5 | -16.2 |
| Placebo | 58.8 | 45.0 | -10.0 |
| Zolpidem 10mg | 50.5 | 33.3 | -17.2 |
sWASO was the self-reported time spent awake after sleep onset as reported in the sleep diary. For sWASO assessed at home, the mean of all available data collected between Visits 3 and 4 (i.e., after the second morning of Visit 3 and before the first evening of Visit 4) was used for Week 1&2 (NCT00608985)
Timeframe: From baseline to Week 1&2
| Intervention | minutes (Median) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Week 1&2 | Change from baseline to week 1&2 | |
| Almorexant 100mg | 65.0 | 40.5 | -19.5 |
| Almorexant 200mg | 69.0 | 42.9 | -21.8 |
| Placebo | 64.0 | 52.9 | -14.1 |
| Zolpidem 10mg | 61.6 | 30.5 | -23.4 |
An AE is any unfavorable and unintended change in the structure, function or chemistry of the body temporally associated with study drug administration, whether or not considered related to the study drug. Participants who discontinued study drug treatment due to an AE occurring during the 3-month DB TRT Phase are counted once in this summary. (NCT01097629)
Timeframe: Up to 3 months
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant LD | 9 |
| Suvorexant HD | 18 |
| Placebo | 17 |
An AE is any unfavorable and unintended change in the structure, function or chemistry of the body temporally associated with study drug administration, whether or not considered related to the study drug. Participants with an AE occurring during the 3-month DB TRT Phase are counted once in this summary. (NCT01097629)
Timeframe: Up to 3 months
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant LD | 103 |
| Suvorexant HD | 189 |
| Placebo | 167 |
"LPS is measured during overnight sleep laboratory (PSG) assessments at baseline, Night 1, Month 1 and Month 3, and is defined as the duration of time from the beginning of PSG assessment (Lights-Off) to the first interval of 10 consecutive minutes of sleep. Beginning of PSG assessment (Lights-Off) is at approximately the participant's habitual bedtime. The participant is awakened, or allowed to get out of bed if already awake, after 8 hours of PSG recording (Lights-On). PSG assessments consist of electronic measurement of brain activity and eye and muscle movements. PSG data was scored by a Centralized PSG reading center." (NCT01097629)
Timeframe: Baseline and Month 1
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant HD | -36.7 |
| Placebo | -24.6 |
"LPS is measured during overnight sleep laboratory (PSG) assessments at baseline, Night 1, Month 1 and Month 3, and is defined as the duration of time from the beginning of PSG assessment (Lights-Off) to the first interval of 10 consecutive minutes of sleep. Beginning of PSG assessment (Lights-Off) is at approximately the participant's habitual bedtime. The participant is awakened, or allowed to get out of bed if already awake, after 8 hours of PSG recording (Lights-On). PSG assessments consist of electronic measurement of brain activity and eye and muscle movements. PSG data was scored by a Centralized PSG reading center." (NCT01097629)
Timeframe: Baseline and Month 3
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant HD | -32.2 |
| Placebo | -28.6 |
"LPS is measured during overnight sleep laboratory (PSG) assessments at baseline, Night 1, Month 1 and Month 3, and is defined as the duration of time from the beginning of PSG assessment (Lights-Off) to the first interval of 10 consecutive minutes of sleep. Beginning of PSG assessment (Lights-Off) is at approximately the participant's habitual bedtime. The participant is awakened, or allowed to get out of bed if already awake, after 8 hours of PSG recording (Lights-On). PSG assessments consist of electronic measurement of brain activity and eye and muscle movements. PSG data was scored by a Centralized PSG reading center." (NCT01097629)
Timeframe: Baseline and Night 1
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant HD | -34.7 |
| Placebo | -13.0 |
sTSOm is the average over a defined day range of the participant's report of the duration of time that it took to fall asleep, as recorded in a daily e-diary. Averages were derived by taking the mean of all available daily measurements (excluding the mornings following any PSG nights) falling within the day range; Month 1 range is Days 23-30 (Day 1 is day of first double-blind dose). A participant must have at least 3 days of data during the defined day range to calculate an average for the day range; otherwise, the mean value was considered missing for that day range. The baseline value is the mean of the last 7 daily measurements obtained during the placebo Run-in period. (NCT01097629)
Timeframe: Baseline and Month 1
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant HD | -26.9 |
| Placebo | -14.1 |
sTSTm is the average over a defined day range of the participant's report of the total amount of time spent asleep before waking for the day, as recorded in a daily electronic diary (e-diary). Averages were derived by taking the mean of all available daily measurements (excluding the mornings following any polysomnography [PSG] nights) falling within the day range; Month 1 range is Days 23-30 (Day 1 is day of first double-blind dose). A participant must have at least 3 days of data during the defined day range to calculate an average for the day range; otherwise, the mean value was considered missing for that day range. The baseline value is the mean of the last 7 daily measurements obtained during the placebo Run-in period. (NCT01097629)
Timeframe: Baseline and Month 1
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant HD | 48.7 |
| Placebo | 22.4 |
sTSOm is the average over a defined day range of the participant's report of the duration of time that it took to fall asleep, as recorded in a daily e-diary. Averages were derived by taking the mean of all available daily measurements (excluding the mornings following any PSG nights) falling within the day range; Month 3 range is Days 76-90 (Day 1 is day of first double-blind dose). A participant must have at least 3 days of data during the defined day range to calculate an average for the day range; otherwise, the mean value was considered missing for that day range. The baseline value is the mean of the last 7 daily measurements obtained during the placebo Run-in period. (NCT01097629)
Timeframe: Baseline and Month 3
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant HD | -33.7 |
| Placebo | -20.5 |
sTSOm is the average over a defined day range of the participant's report of the duration of time that it took to fall asleep, as recorded in a daily e-diary. Averages were derived by taking the mean of all available daily measurements (excluding the mornings following any PSG nights) falling within the day range; Week 1 range is Days 2-8 (Day 1 is day of first double-blind dose). A participant must have at least 3 days of data during the defined day range to calculate an average for the day range; otherwise, the mean value was considered missing for that day range. The baseline value is the mean of the last 7 daily measurements obtained during the placebo Run-in period. (NCT01097629)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 1
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant HD | -19.7 |
| Placebo | -6.7 |
sTSTm is the average over a defined day range of the participant's report of the total amount of time spent asleep before waking for the day, as recorded in a daily e-diary. Averages were derived by taking the mean of all available daily measurements (excluding the mornings following any PSG nights) falling within the day range; Month 3 range is Days 76-90 (Day 1 is day of first double-blind dose). A participant must have at least 3 days of data during the defined day range to calculate an average for the day range; otherwise, the mean value was considered missing for that day range. The baseline value is the mean of the last 7 daily measurements obtained during the placebo Run-in period. (NCT01097629)
Timeframe: Baseline and Month 3
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant HD | 62.8 |
| Placebo | 37.7 |
sTSTm is the average over a defined day range of the participant's report of the total amount of time spent asleep before waking for the day, as recorded in a daily e-diary. Averages were derived by taking the mean of all available daily measurements (excluding the mornings following any PSG nights) falling within the day range; Week 1 range is Days 2-8 (Day 1 is day of first double-blind dose). A participant must have at least 3 days of data during the defined day range to calculate an average for the day range; otherwise, the mean value was considered missing for that day range. The baseline value is the mean of the last 7 daily measurements obtained during the placebo Run-in period. (NCT01097629)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 1
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant HD | 40.4 |
| Placebo | 14.0 |
"WASO is measured during overnight sleep laboratory (PSG) assessments at baseline, Night 1, Month 1 and Month 3, and is defined as the duration of wakefulness from the onset of persistent sleep (i.e., 10 consecutive minutes of sleep) to the end of PSG assessment the following morning. Beginning of PSG assessment (Lights-Off) is at approximately the participant's habitual bedtime. The participant is awakened, or allowed to get out of bed if already awake, after 8 hours of PSG recording (Lights-On). PSG assessments consist of electronic measurement of brain activity and eye and muscle movements. PSG data was scored by a Centralized PSG reading center." (NCT01097629)
Timeframe: Baseline and Month 1
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant HD | -51.9 |
| Placebo | -22.5 |
"WASO is measured during overnight sleep laboratory (PSG) assessments at baseline, Night 1, Month 1 and Month 3, and is defined as the duration of wakefulness from the onset of persistent sleep (i.e., 10 consecutive minutes of sleep) to the end of PSG assessment the following morning. Beginning of PSG assessment (Lights-Off) is at approximately the participant's habitual bedtime. The participant is awakened, or allowed to get out of bed if already awake, after 8 hours of PSG recording (Lights-On). PSG assessments consist of electronic measurement of brain activity and eye and muscle movements. PSG data was scored by a Centralized PSG reading center." (NCT01097629)
Timeframe: Baseline and Month 3
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant HD | -54.2 |
| Placebo | -24.8 |
"WASO is measured during overnight sleep laboratory (PSG) assessments at baseline, Night 1, Month 1 and Month 3, and is defined as the duration of wakefulness from the onset of persistent sleep (i.e., 10 consecutive minutes of sleep) to the end of PSG assessment the following morning. Beginning of PSG assessment (Lights-Off) is at approximately the participant's habitual bedtime. The participant is awakened, or allowed to get out of bed if already awake, after 8 hours of PSG recording (Lights-On). PSG assessments consist of electronic measurement of brain activity and eye and muscle movements. PSG data was scored by a Centralized PSG reading center." (NCT01097629)
Timeframe: Baseline and Night 1
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant HD | -63.3 |
| Placebo | -21.3 |
An AE is any unfavorable and unintended change in the structure, function or chemistry of the body temporally associated with study drug administration, whether or not considered related to the study drug. Participants who discontinued study drug treatment due to an AE occurring during the initial 3-month DB TRT Phase are counted once in this summary. (NCT01097616)
Timeframe: Up to 3 months
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant LD | 6 |
| Suvorexant HD | 18 |
| Placebo | 23 |
An AE is any unfavorable and unintended change in the structure, function or chemistry of the body temporally associated with study drug administration, whether or not considered related to the study drug. Participants with an AE occurring during the initial 3-month DB TRT Phase are counted once in this summary. (NCT01097616)
Timeframe: Up to 3 months
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant LD | 126 |
| Suvorexant HD | 198 |
| Placebo | 191 |
"LPS is measured during overnight sleep laboratory (PSG) assessments at baseline, Night 1, Month 1 and Month 3, and is defined as the duration of time from the beginning of PSG assessment (Lights-Off) to the first interval of 10 consecutive minutes of sleep. Beginning of PSG assessment (Lights-Off) is at approximately the participant's habitual bedtime. The participant is awakened, or allowed to get out of bed if already awake, after 8 hours of PSG recording (Lights-On). PSG assessments consist of electronic measurement of brain activity and eye and muscle movements. PSG data was scored by a Centralized PSG reading center." (NCT01097616)
Timeframe: Baseline and Month 1
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant HD | -34.5 |
| Placebo | -23.3 |
"LPS is measured during overnight sleep laboratory (PSG) assessments at baseline, Night 1, Month 1 and Month 3, and is defined as the duration of time from the beginning of PSG assessment (Lights-Off) to the first interval of 10 consecutive minutes of sleep. Beginning of PSG assessment (Lights-Off) is at approximately the participant's habitual bedtime. The participant is awakened, or allowed to get out of bed if already awake, after 8 hours of PSG recording (Lights-On). PSG assessments consist of electronic measurement of brain activity and eye and muscle movements. PSG data was scored by a Centralized PSG reading center." (NCT01097616)
Timeframe: Baseline and Month 3
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant HD | -36.0 |
| Placebo | -26.6 |
sTSOm is the average over a defined day range of the participant's report of the duration of time that it took to fall asleep, as recorded in a daily e-diary. Averages were derived by taking the mean of all available daily measurements (excluding the mornings following any PSG nights) falling within the day range; Month 1 range is Days 23-30 (Day 1 is day of first double-blind dose). A participant must have at least 3 days of data during the defined day range to calculate an average for the day range; otherwise, the mean value was considered missing for that day range. The baseline value is the mean of the last 7 daily measurements obtained during the placebo Run-in period. (NCT01097616)
Timeframe: Baseline and Month 1
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant HD | -19.1 |
| Placebo | -11.7 |
sTSTm is the average over a defined day range of the participant's report of the total amount of time spent asleep before waking for the day, as recorded in a daily electronic diary (e-diary). Averages were derived by taking the mean of all available daily measurements (excluding the mornings following any polysomnography [PSG] nights) falling within the day range; Month 1 range is Days 23-30 (Day 1 is day of first double-blind dose). A participant must have at least 3 days of data during the defined day range to calculate an average for the day range; otherwise, the mean value was considered missing for that day range. The baseline value is the mean of the last 7 daily measurements obtained during the placebo Run-in period. (NCT01097616)
Timeframe: Baseline and Month 1
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant HD | 42.6 |
| Placebo | 23.1 |
sTSOm is the average over a defined day range of the participant's report of the duration of time that it took to fall asleep, as recorded in a daily e-diary. Averages were derived by taking the mean of all available daily measurements (excluding the mornings following any PSG nights) falling within the day range; Month 3 range is Days 76-90 (Day 1 is day of first double-blind dose). A participant must have at least 3 days of data during the defined day range to calculate an average for the day range; otherwise, the mean value was considered missing for that day range. The baseline value is the mean of the last 7 daily measurements obtained during the placebo Run-in period. (NCT01097616)
Timeframe: Baseline and Month 3
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant HD | -25.7 |
| Placebo | -17.3 |
sTSTm is the average over a defined day range of the participant's report of the total amount of time spent asleep before waking for the day, as recorded in a daily e-diary. Averages were derived by taking the mean of all available daily measurements (excluding the mornings following any PSG nights) falling within the day range; Month 3 range is Days 76-90 (Day 1 is day of first double-blind dose). A participant must have at least 3 days of data during the defined day range to calculate an average for the day range; otherwise, the mean value was considered missing for that day range. The baseline value is the mean of the last 7 daily measurements obtained during the placebo Run-in period. (NCT01097616)
Timeframe: Baseline and Month 3
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant HD | 60.3 |
| Placebo | 40.6 |
"WASO is measured during overnight sleep laboratory (PSG) assessments at baseline, Night 1, Month 1 and Month 3, and is defined as the duration of wakefulness from the onset of persistent sleep (i.e., 10 consecutive minutes of sleep) to the end of PSG assessment the following morning. Beginning of PSG assessment (Lights-Off) is at approximately the participant's habitual bedtime. The participant is awakened, or allowed to get out of bed if already awake, after 8 hours of PSG recording (Lights-On). PSG assessments consist of electronic measurement of brain activity and eye and muscle movements. PSG data was scored by a Centralized PSG reading center." (NCT01097616)
Timeframe: Baseline and Month 1
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant HD | -45.0 |
| Placebo | -18.7 |
"WASO is measured during overnight sleep laboratory (PSG) assessments at baseline, Night 1, Month 1 and Month 3, and is defined as the duration of wakefulness from the onset of persistent sleep (i.e., 10 consecutive minutes of sleep) to the end of PSG assessment the following morning. Beginning of PSG assessment (Lights-Off) is at approximately the participant's habitual bedtime. The participant is awakened, or allowed to get out of bed if already awake, after 8 hours of PSG recording (Lights-On). PSG assessments consist of electronic measurement of brain activity and eye and muscle movements. PSG data was scored by a Centralized PSG reading center." (NCT01097616)
Timeframe: Baseline and Month 3
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant HD | -47.9 |
| Placebo | -25.0 |
"LPS is measured during overnight sleep laboratory (PSG) assessments at baseline, Night 1, Month 1 and Month 3, and is defined as the duration of time from the beginning of PSG assessment (Lights-Off) to the first interval of 10 consecutive minutes of sleep. Beginning of PSG assessment (Lights-Off) is at approximately the participant's habitual bedtime. The participant is awakened, or allowed to get out of bed if already awake, after 8 hours of PSG recording (Lights-On). PSG assessments consist of electronic measurement of brain activity and eye and muscle movements. PSG data was scored by a Centralized PSG reading center." (NCT01097616)
Timeframe: Baseline and Month 1
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant LD | -33.6 |
| Placebo | -23.3 |
"LPS is measured during overnight sleep laboratory (PSG) assessments at baseline, Night 1, Month 1 and Month 3, and is defined as the duration of time from the beginning of PSG assessment (Lights-Off) to the first interval of 10 consecutive minutes of sleep. Beginning of PSG assessment (Lights-Off) is at approximately the participant's habitual bedtime. The participant is awakened, or allowed to get out of bed if already awake, after 8 hours of PSG recording (Lights-On). PSG assessments consist of electronic measurement of brain activity and eye and muscle movements. PSG data was scored by a Centralized PSG reading center." (NCT01097616)
Timeframe: Baseline and Month 3
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant LD | -34.7 |
| Placebo | -26.6 |
sTSOm is the average over a defined day range of the participant's report of the duration of time that it took to fall asleep, as recorded in a daily e-diary. Averages were derived by taking the mean of all available daily measurements (excluding the mornings following any PSG nights) falling within the day range; Month 1 range is Days 23-30 (Day 1 is day of first double-blind dose). A participant must have at least 3 days of data during the defined day range to calculate an average for the day range; otherwise, the mean value was considered missing for that day range. The baseline value is the mean of the last 7 daily measurements obtained during the placebo Run-in period. (NCT01097616)
Timeframe: Baseline and Month 1
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant LD | -17.1 |
| Placebo | -11.7 |
sTSOm is the average over a defined day range of the participant's report of the duration of time that it took to fall asleep, as recorded in a daily e-diary. Averages were derived by taking the mean of all available daily measurements (excluding the mornings following any PSG nights) falling within the day range; Month 3 range is Days 76-90 (Day 1 is day of first double-blind dose). A participant must have at least 3 days of data during the defined day range to calculate an average for the day range; otherwise, the mean value was considered missing for that day range. The baseline value is the mean of the last 7 daily measurements obtained during the placebo Run-in period. (NCT01097616)
Timeframe: Baseline and Month 3
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant LD | -22.5 |
| Placebo | -17.3 |
sTSTm is the average over a defined day range of the participant's report of the total amount of time spent asleep before waking for the day, as recorded in a daily e-diary. Averages were derived by taking the mean of all available daily measurements (excluding the mornings following any PSG nights) falling within the day range; Month 1 range is Days 23-30 (Day 1 is day of first double-blind dose). A participant must have at least 3 days of data during the defined day range to calculate an average for the day range; otherwise, the mean value was considered missing for that day range. The baseline value is the mean of the last 7 daily measurements obtained during the placebo Run-in period. (NCT01097616)
Timeframe: Baseline and Month 1
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant LD | 39.4 |
| Placebo | 23.1 |
sTSTm is the average over a defined day range of the participant's report of the total amount of time spent asleep before waking for the day, as recorded in a daily e-diary. Averages were derived by taking the mean of all available daily measurements (excluding the mornings following any PSG nights) falling within the day range; Month 3 range is Days 76-90 (Day 1 is day of first double-blind dose). A participant must have at least 3 days of data during the defined day range to calculate an average for the day range; otherwise, the mean value was considered missing for that day range. The baseline value is the mean of the last 7 daily measurements obtained during the placebo Run-in period. (NCT01097616)
Timeframe: Baseline and Month 3
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant LD | 51.2 |
| Placebo | 40.6 |
"WASO is measured during overnight sleep laboratory (PSG) assessments at baseline, Night 1, Month 1 and Month 3, and is defined as the duration of wakefulness from the onset of persistent sleep (i.e., 10 consecutive minutes of sleep) to the end of PSG assessment the following morning. Beginning of PSG assessment (Lights-Off) is at approximately the participant's habitual bedtime. The participant is awakened, or allowed to get out of bed if already awake, after 8 hours of PSG recording (Lights-On). PSG assessments consist of electronic measurement of brain activity and eye and muscle movements. PSG data was scored by a Centralized PSG reading center." (NCT01097616)
Timeframe: Baseline and Month 1
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant LD | -45.0 |
| Placebo | -18.7 |
"WASO is measured during overnight sleep laboratory (PSG) assessments at baseline, Night 1, Month 1 and Month 3, and is defined as the duration of wakefulness from the onset of persistent sleep (i.e., 10 consecutive minutes of sleep) to the end of PSG assessment the following morning. Beginning of PSG assessment (Lights-Off) is at approximately the participant's habitual bedtime. The participant is awakened, or allowed to get out of bed if already awake, after 8 hours of PSG recording (Lights-On). PSG assessments consist of electronic measurement of brain activity and eye and muscle movements. PSG data was scored by a Centralized PSG reading center." (NCT01097616)
Timeframe: Baseline and Month 3
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant LD | -41.6 |
| Placebo | -25.0 |
"LPS is measured during overnight sleep laboratory (PSG) assessments at baseline, Night 1, Month 1 and Month 3, and is defined as the duration of time from the beginning of PSG assessment (Lights-Off) to the first interval of 10 consecutive minutes of sleep. Beginning of PSG assessment (Lights-Off) is at approximately the participant's habitual bedtime. The participant is awakened, or allowed to get out of bed if already awake, after 8 hours of PSG recording (Lights-On). PSG assessments consist of electronic measurement of brain activity and eye and muscle movements. PSG data was scored by a Centralized PSG reading center." (NCT01097616)
Timeframe: Baseline and Night 1
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant LD | -29.9 |
| Suvorexant HD | -30.6 |
| Placebo | -20.3 |
sTSOm is the average over a defined day range of the participant's report of the duration of time that it took to fall asleep, as recorded in a daily e-diary. Averages were derived by taking the mean of all available daily measurements (excluding the mornings following any PSG nights) falling within the day range; Week 1 range is Days 2-8 (Day 1 is day of first double-blind dose). A participant must have at least 3 days of data during the defined day range to calculate an average for the day range; otherwise, the mean value was considered missing for that day range. The baseline value is the mean of the last 7 daily measurements obtained during the placebo Run-in period. (NCT01097616)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 1
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant LD | -15.2 |
| Suvorexant HD | -15.3 |
| Placebo | -9.6 |
sTSTm is the average over a defined day range of the participant's report of the total amount of time spent asleep before waking for the day, as recorded in a daily e-diary. Averages were derived by taking the mean of all available daily measurements (excluding the mornings following any PSG nights) falling within the day range; Week 1 range is Days 2-8 (Day 1 is day of first double-blind dose). A participant must have at least 3 days of data during the defined day range to calculate an average for the day range; otherwise, the mean value was considered missing for that day range. The baseline value is the mean of the last 7 daily measurements obtained during the placebo Run-in period. (NCT01097616)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 1
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant LD | 28.2 |
| Suvorexant HD | 36.0 |
| Placebo | 14.6 |
"WASO is measured during overnight sleep laboratory (PSG) assessments at baseline, Night 1, Month 1 and Month 3, and is defined as the duration of wakefulness from the onset of persistent sleep (i.e., 10 consecutive minutes of sleep) to the end of PSG assessment the following morning. Beginning of PSG assessment (Lights-Off) is at approximately the participant's habitual bedtime. The participant is awakened, or allowed to get out of bed if already awake, after 8 hours of PSG recording (Lights-On). PSG assessments consist of electronic measurement of brain activity and eye and muscle movements. PSG data was scored by a Centralized PSG reading center." (NCT01097616)
Timeframe: Baseline and Night 1
| Intervention | minutes (Least Squares Mean) |
|---|---|
| Suvorexant LD | -52.1 |
| Suvorexant HD | -58.0 |
| Placebo | -19.6 |
79 reviews available for zolpidem and Chronic Insomnia
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Efficacy and safety of Zolpidem in the treatment of insomnia disorder for one month: a meta-analysis of a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Double-Blind Method; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Sleep; | 2021 |
Comparative effects of pharmacological interventions for the acute and long-term management of insomnia disorder in adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
Topics: Adult; Benzodiazepines; Doxepin; Eszopiclone; Humans; Melatonin; Network Meta-Analysis; Randomized C | 2022 |
Network meta-analysis comparing the effectiveness of a prescription digital therapeutic for chronic insomnia to medications and face-to-face cognitive behavioral therapy in adults.
Topics: Adult; Bayes Theorem; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Eszopiclone; Humans; Network Meta-Analysis; Pres | 2022 |
Zolpidem use and risk of suicide: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Topics: Humans; Risk Assessment; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide, Att | 2022 |
Comparative efficacy of hypnotics in young and middle-aged adults with insomnia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Middle Aged; Network Meta-Analysis; Sleep | 2023 |
Insomnia Management: A Review and Update.
Topics: Doxepin; Humans; Sleep; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Zolpidem | 2023 |
Therapeutic efficacy of zolpidem combined with cognitive-behavioral therapy on primary insomnia.
Topics: Clinical Protocols; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combined Modality Therapy; Humans; Randomized Cont | 2019 |
Comparative effectiveness and safety of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for insomnia: an overview of reviews.
Topics: Antidepressive Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Azepines; Benzodiazepines; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy | 2019 |
Zolpidem-Associated Consequences: An Updated Literature Review With Case Reports.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Delirium; Hallucinations; Homicide; Humans; Male; Rage; Risk Factors; Sleep Aids, Pharm | 2020 |
Association of eszopiclone, zaleplon, or zolpidem with complex sleep behaviors resulting in serious injuries, including death.
Topics: Acetamides; Adult; Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems; Aged; Drug Labeling; Eszopiclone; Female | 2020 |
Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of insomnia: quantitative comparison of drug efficacy.
Topics: Eszopiclone; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Sleep Initiation and Main | 2020 |
New pharmacologic agents for insomnia and hypersomnia.
Topics: Azepines; Carbamates; Dementia; Disorders of Excessive Somnolence; GABA-A Receptor Agonists; Humans; | 2020 |
Safety, Tolerability and Efficacy of Drugs for Treating Behavioural Insomnia in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review with Methodological Quality Assessment.
Topics: Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Child; Clonidine; Eszopiclone; Glutamates; Guanfacine | 2017 |
Z-drugs and risk for falls and fractures in older adults-a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Topics: Accidental Falls; Acetamides; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; Azabicyclo Compoun | 2018 |
Patterns of Zolpidem Use in Male and Female Veterans Following Revised FDA Dosing Guidelines.
Topics: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Sex Factors; Sleep Aids, Pha | 2018 |
Pharmacological agents for improving sleep quality at high altitude: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Topics: Acetamides; Acetazolamide; Adult; Altitude; Anticonvulsants; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Pyrimi | 2018 |
To sleep or not to sleep: a systematic review of the literature of pharmacological treatments of insomnia in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
Topics: Adolescent; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Child; Clonidine; Glutamates; Humans; Pyr | 2013 |
An update on zolpidem abuse and dependence.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Female; France; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Mandatory Reporting; Middle Aged | 2014 |
Hypnotics in insomnia: the experience of zolpidem.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Memory; Psychomotor Performance; Pyridines; Selective Seroto | 2014 |
Drugs for Insomnia.
Topics: Acetamides; Animals; Eszopiclone; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Plant Preparations; Pyridines; Py | 2015 |
[Research Progress on Forensic Toxicology of Z-drugs].
Topics: Acetamides; Azabicyclo Compounds; Drug Overdose; Forensic Medicine; Forensic Toxicology; Humans; Hyp | 2015 |
Zolpidem's use for insomnia.
Topics: Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Pyridines; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Zolpidem | 2017 |
Zolpidem and traffic safety - the importance of treatment compliance.
Topics: Automobile Driving; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Humans; Hypnotic | 2007 |
Which medications are safe and effective for improving sleep at high altitude?
Topics: Acetamides; Acetazolamide; Altitude Sickness; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Azabicyclo Compounds; Benzodiazep | 2008 |
Treatment options for insomnia--pharmacodynamics of zolpidem extended-release to benefit next-day performance.
Topics: Benzodiazepines; Delayed-Action Preparations; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Half-Life; Humans; Hypnot | 2008 |
Non-pharmacologic treatment of insomnia in persons with dementia.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; Alzheimer Disease; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Circadian Rhyth | 2009 |
Comparative tolerability of newer agents for insomnia.
Topics: Azabicyclo Compounds; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Interactions; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; | 2009 |
Zolpidem-induced sleepwalking, sleep related eating disorder, and sleep-driving: fluorine-18-flourodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography analysis, and a literature review of other unexpected clinical effects of zolpidem.
Topics: Automobile Driving; Brain; Brain Mapping; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Female; Fluorodeoxyglucose F | 2009 |
Role of zolpidem in the management of insomnia.
Topics: Animals; Disease Management; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Pyridines; Sleep Initiation and Mainte | 2011 |
A new sublingual formulation of zolpidem for the treatment of sleep-onset insomnia.
Topics: Administration, Sublingual; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Pyridines; Sleep; Sleep Initiation and | 2012 |
Methods for the analysis of nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic drugs in biological matrices.
Topics: Acetamides; Azabicyclo Compounds; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Electrophoresis, Capillary; | 2012 |
Zolpidem oral spray (zolpimist) for insomnia.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Humans; Oral Sprays; Pyridines; Receptors, GABA-A; Sleep Initiation a | 2012 |
Zolpidem for insomnia.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Pyridines; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Zol | 2012 |
Low-dose sublingual zolpidem (Intermezzo) for insomnia due to middle-of-the-night awakening.
Topics: Administration, Sublingual; Animals; GABA-A Receptor Agonists; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Pyri | 2012 |
Sublingual zolpidem (Edluar™; Sublinox™).
Topics: Administration, Sublingual; Delayed-Action Preparations; Drug Interactions; Humans; Hypnotics and Se | 2012 |
Effectiveness of non-benzodiazepine hypnotics in treatment of adult insomnia: meta-analysis of data submitted to the Food and Drug Administration.
Topics: Acetamides; Adult; Aged; Azabicyclo Compounds; Confidence Intervals; Eszopiclone; Female; Humans; Hy | 2012 |
New drugs for insomnia: comparative tolerability of zopiclone, zolpidem and zaleplon.
Topics: Acetamides; Animals; Azabicyclo Compounds; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Piperazines; Pyridines; | 2003 |
Zolpidem-induced distortion in visual perception.
Topics: Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Middle Aged; Pyridines; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Di | 2003 |
Clinically important drug interactions with zopiclone, zolpidem and zaleplon.
Topics: Acetamides; Antidepressive Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Azabicyclo Compounds; Drug Interactions; Hi | 2003 |
[Drug treatment of sleep disorders in the elderly].
Topics: Acetamides; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antidepressive Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Azabicyclo Compoun | 2003 |
Comparative efficacy of newer hypnotic drugs for the short-term management of insomnia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Topics: Acetamides; Azabicyclo Compounds; Benzodiazepines; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Piperazines; Pyr | 2004 |
Experience with zolpidem 'as needed' in primary care settings.
Topics: Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Administration Schedule; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedat | 2004 |
Zolpidem 'as needed': methodological issues and clinical findings.
Topics: Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Administration Schedule; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Pyridines; | 2004 |
Overview of the therapeutic management of insomnia with zolpidem.
Topics: Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Pyridines; Sleep Initiation and Maintenan | 2004 |
The pharmacology and mechanisms of action of new generation, non-benzodiazepine hypnotic agents.
Topics: Acetamides; Animals; Azabicyclo Compounds; GABA-A Receptor Agonists; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives | 2004 |
Zolpidem: a review of its use in the management of insomnia.
Topics: Age Factors; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Evaluation; GABA Agonists; | 2005 |
Diagnosis and treatment of chronic insomnia: a review.
Topics: Acetamides; Benzodiazepines; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; Health Status; H | 2005 |
Postural instability and consequent falls and hip fractures associated with use of hypnotics in the elderly: a comparative review.
Topics: Accidental Falls; Acetamides; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Azabicyclo Compounds; Benzodiazepines; Case-C | 2005 |
Therapeutic options in the treatment of insomnia.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Antidepressive Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combined | 2005 |
Ambien CR for insomnia.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedul | 2006 |
Pharmacological approaches to the treatment of residual symptoms.
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antidepressive Agents; Anxiety; Benzhydryl Compounds; Benzodiazepines; Central | 2006 |
Insomnia in the elderly: cause, approach, and treatment.
Topics: Acetamides; Aged; Aging; Antidepressive Agents; Azabicyclo Compounds; Behavior Therapy; Benzodiazepi | 2006 |
The art of prescribing. Risks and benefits of non-benzodiazepine receptor agonists in the treatment of acute primary insomnia in older adults.
Topics: Acetamides; Acute Disease; Azabicyclo Compounds; Benzodiazepines; Causality; Drug Prescriptions; GAB | 2006 |
Zolpidem extended release in insomnia: profile report.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Aged; Clinical Trials as Topic; Delayed-Action Preparations; Humans; Hypnotics | 2006 |
Extended-release zolpidem: efficacy and tolerability profile.
Topics: Delayed-Action Preparations; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Pyridines; Sleep Initiation and Mainte | 2006 |
[Recent and potential drugs for treatment of insomnia].
Topics: Animals; Azabicyclo Compounds; Benzodiazepines; Diphenhydramine; Drug Design; Fluorobenzenes; GABA-A | 2007 |
Evidence of zolpidem abuse and dependence: results of the French Centre for Evaluation and Information on Pharmacodependence (CEIP) network survey.
Topics: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; France; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Pyridines; | 2007 |
Insomnia: zolpidem extended-release for the treatment of sleep induction and sleep maintenance symptoms.
Topics: Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Delayed-Action Preparations; Humans; Pyridines; Sleep; Sleep Initiation a | 2007 |
Hypnotic sedative drugs.
Topics: Acetamides; Azabicyclo Compounds; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Cost of Illness; Humans; Hypnotics and | 2007 |
Pharmacotherapy for insomnia.
Topics: Antidepressive Agents; Azabicyclo Compounds; Central Nervous System Depressants; Eszopiclone; GABA A | 2008 |
Sleeping through the night: are extended-release formulations the answer?
Topics: Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Delayed-Action Preparations; Drug Monitoring; Drug Prescriptions; Humans; | 2008 |
Zolpidem extended-release: therapy for sleep induction and sleep maintenance difficulties.
Topics: Delayed-Action Preparations; Humans; Pyridines; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Zolpidem | 2008 |
Zolpidem--a hypnotic with a difference?
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Middle Aged; Pyridines; Randomized Control | 1995 |
[Sleep disorders--what can be done when hypnotics no longer help? Overview and case report].
Topics: Antidepressive Agents; Arousal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug | 1995 |
Definitive treatment of patients with serious mental disorders in an emergency service, Part I.
Topics: Antidepressive Agents; Anxiety Disorders; Depressive Disorder; Emergency Services, Psychiatric; Hosp | 1994 |
Zolpidem: a nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic for treatment of insomnia.
Topics: Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Pyridines; Sleep Initiation and Maintenan | 1993 |
[New non-benzodiazepine hypnotics. Progress in therapy of sleep disorders?].
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Azabicyclo Compounds; Benzodiazepines; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Piperaz | 1995 |
Polysomnographic effects of hypnotic drugs. A review.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Azabicyclo Compounds; Benzodiazepines; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; | 1996 |
Zolpidem: distinct from triazolam?
Topics: Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Pyridines; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Triazolam; Z | 1997 |
Beyond benzodiazepines: alternative pharmacologic agents for the treatment of insomnia.
Topics: Acetamides; Azabicyclo Compounds; Benzodiazepines; Clinical Protocols; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedativ | 1998 |
[Changes in sedative therapy?].
Topics: Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Pyridines; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Zolp | 1998 |
The safety and tolerability of zolpidem--an update.
Topics: Adult; Animals; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Pyridines; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorde | 1999 |
Pathophysiology and management of insomnia during depression.
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Brain; Chronic Disease; Depression; Female; Humans; Hypnotics | 1999 |
Zolpidem: an update of its pharmacology, therapeutic efficacy and tolerability in the treatment of insomnia.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Pyridines; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Zol | 2000 |
A psychiatric perspective on insomnia.
Topics: Acetamides; Benzodiazepines; Comorbidity; Depressive Disorder; Diagnosis, Differential; GABA-A Recep | 2001 |
Consequences of insomnia and its therapies.
Topics: Acetamides; Circadian Rhythm; Comorbidity; Half-Life; Health Status Indicators; Humans; Hypnotics an | 2001 |
Future directions in the management of insomnia.
Topics: Comorbidity; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Depressive Disorder; GABA-A Receptor Agonists; Humans; | 2001 |
Comparative clinical profiles of triazolam versus other shorter-acting hypnotics.
Topics: Azabicyclo Compounds; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Hypnotics | 1992 |
Zolpidem. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic potential.
Topics: Drug Interactions; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Premedication; Pyridines; Sleep Initiation and M | 1990 |
135 trials available for zolpidem and Chronic Insomnia
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Durability of treatment response to zolpidem using a partial reinforcement regimen: does this strategy require priming?
Topics: Double-Blind Method; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Pyridines; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Di | 2021 |
The efficacy and safety of zolpidem and zopiclone to treat insomnia in Alzheimer's disease: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Alzheimer Disease; Azabicyclo Compounds; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Hypnotics a | 2022 |
Association between insomnia patients' pre-treatment characteristics and their responses to distinctive treatment sequences.
Topics: Adult; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Sleep; Sleep Initiation and | 2022 |
Comparison of the treatment effectiveness between lemborexant and zolpidem tartrate extended-release for insomnia disorder subtypes defined based on polysomnographic findings.
Topics: Double-Blind Method; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Tr | 2023 |
Comparison of the treatment effectiveness between lemborexant and zolpidem tartrate extended-release for insomnia disorder subtypes defined based on polysomnographic findings.
Topics: Double-Blind Method; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Tr | 2023 |
Comparison of the treatment effectiveness between lemborexant and zolpidem tartrate extended-release for insomnia disorder subtypes defined based on polysomnographic findings.
Topics: Double-Blind Method; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Tr | 2023 |
Comparison of the treatment effectiveness between lemborexant and zolpidem tartrate extended-release for insomnia disorder subtypes defined based on polysomnographic findings.
Topics: Double-Blind Method; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Tr | 2023 |
Lemborexant Attenuates Regurgitation without Worsening Objective Parameters on Reflux Monitoring in Patients with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Insomnia: A Single-Arm Proof-of-Concept Study.
Topics: Esophageal pH Monitoring; Female; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Heartburn; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedative | 2023 |
Number, Duration, and Distribution of Wake Bouts in Patients with Insomnia Disorder: Effect of Daridorexant and Zolpidem.
Topics: Adult; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Pyridines; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Zolpidem | 2023 |
Randomized controlled trial of zolpidem as a pharmacotherapy for cannabis use disorder.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Marijuana Abuse; Sleep; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Dis | 2024 |
Reducing Suicidal Ideation Through Insomnia Treatment (REST-IT): A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Delayed-Action Preparations; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination | 2019 |
Reducing Suicidal Ideation Through Insomnia Treatment (REST-IT): A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Delayed-Action Preparations; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination | 2019 |
Reducing Suicidal Ideation Through Insomnia Treatment (REST-IT): A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Delayed-Action Preparations; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination | 2019 |
Reducing Suicidal Ideation Through Insomnia Treatment (REST-IT): A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Delayed-Action Preparations; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination | 2019 |
Efficacy of SM-1 in a transient insomnia model.
Topics: Adult; Cross-Over Studies; Diphenhydramine; Double-Blind Method; Drug Combinations; Female; Humans; | 2019 |
Sublingual and oral zolpidem for insomnia disorder: a 3-month randomized trial.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Administration, Sublingual; Adult; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; | 2020 |
Comparison of Lemborexant With Placebo and Zolpidem Tartrate Extended Release for the Treatment of Older Adults With Insomnia Disorder: A Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial.
Topics: Aged; Delayed-Action Preparations; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Mal | 2019 |
Comparison of Lemborexant With Placebo and Zolpidem Tartrate Extended Release for the Treatment of Older Adults With Insomnia Disorder: A Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial.
Topics: Aged; Delayed-Action Preparations; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Mal | 2019 |
Comparison of Lemborexant With Placebo and Zolpidem Tartrate Extended Release for the Treatment of Older Adults With Insomnia Disorder: A Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial.
Topics: Aged; Delayed-Action Preparations; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Mal | 2019 |
Comparison of Lemborexant With Placebo and Zolpidem Tartrate Extended Release for the Treatment of Older Adults With Insomnia Disorder: A Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial.
Topics: Aged; Delayed-Action Preparations; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Mal | 2019 |
Daridorexant, a New Dual Orexin Receptor Antagonist to Treat Insomnia Disorder.
Topics: Adult; Benzimidazoles; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Imidazoles; Mi | 2020 |
Safety of lemborexant versus placebo and zolpidem: effects on auditory awakening threshold, postural stability, and cognitive performance in healthy older participants in the middle of the night and upon morning awakening.
Topics: Cognition; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Female; Healthy Volunteers; Humans; Hypnotics an | 2020 |
An exploratory analysis of the association of circadian rhythm dysregulation and insomnia with suicidal ideation over the course of treatment in individuals with depression, insomnia, and suicidal ideation.
Topics: Circadian Rhythm; Depression; Humans; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Suicidal Ideation; | 2020 |
Effectiveness of Sequential Psychological and Medication Therapies for Insomnia Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Topics: Adult; Colorado; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Quebec; Single-Blind | 2020 |
Effectiveness of Sequential Psychological and Medication Therapies for Insomnia Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Topics: Adult; Colorado; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Quebec; Single-Blind | 2020 |
Effectiveness of Sequential Psychological and Medication Therapies for Insomnia Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Topics: Adult; Colorado; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Quebec; Single-Blind | 2020 |
Effectiveness of Sequential Psychological and Medication Therapies for Insomnia Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Topics: Adult; Colorado; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Quebec; Single-Blind | 2020 |
Blinding and bias in a hypnotic clinical trial.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Bias; Depressive Disorder, Major; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics | 2021 |
Comparison of the effect of lemborexant with placebo and zolpidem tartrate extended release on sleep architecture in older adults with insomnia disorder.
Topics: Aged; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Middle Aged; Pyridines; Pyrimidines; Sin | 2021 |
Effectiveness and safety profiling of zolpidem and acupressure in CKD associated pruritus: An interventional study.
Topics: Acupressure; Acupuncture Points; Adolescent; Adult; Female; Foot; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pruritu | 2021 |
Lemborexant for the Treatment of Insomnia: Direct and Indirect Comparisons With Other Hypnotics Using Number Needed to Treat, Number Needed to Harm, and Likelihood to Be Helped or Harmed.
Topics: Acetamides; Adolescent; Adult; Azepines; Benzodiazepines; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; M | 2021 |
Lemborexant for the Treatment of Insomnia: Direct and Indirect Comparisons With Other Hypnotics Using Number Needed to Treat, Number Needed to Harm, and Likelihood to Be Helped or Harmed.
Topics: Acetamides; Adolescent; Adult; Azepines; Benzodiazepines; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; M | 2021 |
Lemborexant for the Treatment of Insomnia: Direct and Indirect Comparisons With Other Hypnotics Using Number Needed to Treat, Number Needed to Harm, and Likelihood to Be Helped or Harmed.
Topics: Acetamides; Adolescent; Adult; Azepines; Benzodiazepines; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; M | 2021 |
Lemborexant for the Treatment of Insomnia: Direct and Indirect Comparisons With Other Hypnotics Using Number Needed to Treat, Number Needed to Harm, and Likelihood to Be Helped or Harmed.
Topics: Acetamides; Adolescent; Adult; Azepines; Benzodiazepines; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; M | 2021 |
Long-Term Maintenance of Therapeutic Gains Associated With Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia Delivered Alone or Combined With Zolpidem.
Topics: Adult; Cognition; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Middl | 2017 |
Efficacy and safety of almorexant in adult chronic insomnia: a randomized placebo-controlled trial with an active reference.
Topics: Acetamides; Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Female; H | 2017 |
Insight Into Reduction of Wakefulness by Suvorexant in Patients With Insomnia: Analysis of Wake Bouts.
Topics: Aged; Azepines; Data Collection; Double-Blind Method; Female; Healthy Volunteers; Humans; Male; Orex | 2018 |
Insight Into Reduction of Wakefulness by Suvorexant in Patients With Insomnia: Analysis of Wake Bouts.
Topics: Aged; Azepines; Data Collection; Double-Blind Method; Female; Healthy Volunteers; Humans; Male; Orex | 2018 |
Insight Into Reduction of Wakefulness by Suvorexant in Patients With Insomnia: Analysis of Wake Bouts.
Topics: Aged; Azepines; Data Collection; Double-Blind Method; Female; Healthy Volunteers; Humans; Male; Orex | 2018 |
Insight Into Reduction of Wakefulness by Suvorexant in Patients With Insomnia: Analysis of Wake Bouts.
Topics: Aged; Azepines; Data Collection; Double-Blind Method; Female; Healthy Volunteers; Humans; Male; Orex | 2018 |
Long-term persistence of withdrawal of temazepam, zopiclone, and zolpidem in older adults: a 3-year follow-up study.
Topics: Aged; Azabicyclo Compounds; Double-Blind Method; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Hypnotics and Se | 2018 |
The effect of zolpidem on cognitive function and postural control at high altitude.
Topics: Adult; Altitude; Altitude Sickness; Cognition; Cross-Over Studies; Disorders of Excessive Somnolence | 2018 |
Withdrawal from long-term use of zopiclone, zolpidem and temazepam may improve perceived sleep and quality of life in older adults with primary insomnia.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Azabicyclo Compounds; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Se | 2019 |
Effects of zolpidem on sleep parameters in patients with cirrhosis and sleep disturbances: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
Topics: Adult; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Male; Middle Aged; Placebo Effect; Poly | 2019 |
Insomnia treatment response as a function of objectively measured sleep duration.
Topics: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Outcome | 2019 |
Hyperarousal in insomnia: pre-sleep and diurnal cortisol levels in response to chronic zolpidem treatment.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Arousal; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Male; Middle Aged; Sleep | 2019 |
Tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of single-dose almorexant, an orexin receptor antagonist, in healthy elderly subjects.
Topics: Acetamides; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Drug Adm | 2013 |
Gender influences on efficacy and safety of sublingual zolpidem tartrate for middle-of-the-night awakening in insomnia.
Topics: Administration, Sublingual; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and S | 2014 |
Speed and trajectory of changes of insomnia symptoms during acute treatment with cognitive-behavioral therapy, singly and combined with medication.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and | 2014 |
A single-dose, randomized, double-blind, double dummy, placebo and positive-controlled, five-way cross-over study to assess the pharmacodynamic effects of lorediplon in a phase advance model of insomnia in healthy Caucasian adult male subjects.
Topics: Adult; Cross-Over Studies; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Hypnotics | 2014 |
Development and evaluation of a measure to assess restorative sleep.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Female; Focus Groups; Humans; Hypn | 2014 |
Development and evaluation of a measure to assess restorative sleep.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Female; Focus Groups; Humans; Hypn | 2014 |
Development and evaluation of a measure to assess restorative sleep.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Female; Focus Groups; Humans; Hypn | 2014 |
Development and evaluation of a measure to assess restorative sleep.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Female; Focus Groups; Humans; Hypn | 2014 |
Zolpidem increases GABA in depressed volunteers maintained on SSRIs.
Topics: Adult; Depressive Disorder, Major; Female; GABA-A Receptor Agonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans | 2014 |
Electroencephalographic power spectral density profile of the orexin receptor antagonist suvorexant in patients with primary insomnia and healthy subjects.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Azepines; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Electroencephalography; Female; Heal | 2014 |
Handgrip strength and balance in older adults following withdrawal from long-term use of temazepam, zopiclone or zolpidem as hypnotics.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Azabicyclo Compounds; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Hand Strength; Humans; Hyp | 2014 |
Durability of treatment response to zolpidem with three different maintenance regimens: a preliminary study.
Topics: Adult; Double-Blind Method; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; M | 2015 |
Gender Differences in the Efficacy and Safety of Chronic Nightly Zolpidem.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Double-Blind Method; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; H | 2016 |
Effect of Zolpidem on Sleep Quality of Professional Firefighters; a Double Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Clinical Trial.
Topics: Adult; Chi-Square Distribution; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Firefighters; Humans; Hypno | 2015 |
Sequential psychological and pharmacological therapies for comorbid and primary insomnia: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Adult; Affect; Clinical Protocols; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Colorado; Combined Modality Therapy | 2016 |
Effects of Zolpidem CR on Sleep and Nocturnal Ventilation in Patients with Heart Failure.
Topics: Double-Blind Method; Female; Heart Failure; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Middle Aged; Poly | 2016 |
Pharmacokinetics of a Novel Zolpidem Nasal Spray for Rapid Management of Insomnia: First Trial in Humans.
Topics: Adult; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Nasal Sprays; Pyridines; | 2016 |
Cognitive-behavior therapy singly and combined with medication for persistent insomnia: Impact on psychological and daytime functioning.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Adult; Aged; Anxiety; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combined Modality Th | 2016 |
Hyperarousal in insomnia and hypnotic dose escalation.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Arousal; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Middle Aged; Norepinephrine; Po | 2016 |
Effect and safety of paroxetine combined with zolpidem in treatment of primary insomnia.
Topics: Adult; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Paroxetine; Polysomnography; Py | 2017 |
Comparison Between Acupuncture and Biofeedback as Adjunctive Treatments for Primary Insomnia Disorder.
Topics: Acupuncture Therapy; Adult; Aged; Biofeedback, Psychology; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans | 2017 |
Hypnotherapy in the treatment of chronic combat-related PTSD patients suffering from insomnia: a randomized, zolpidem-controlled clinical trial.
Topics: Adult; Combat Disorders; Combined Modality Therapy; Dreams; Humans; Hypnosis; Hypnotics and Sedative | 2008 |
A polysomnographic placebo-controlled evaluation of the efficacy and safety of eszopiclone relative to placebo and zolpidem in the treatment of primary insomnia.
Topics: Adult; Azabicyclo Compounds; Cross-Over Studies; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorde | 2008 |
Which symptoms predict recurrence of depression in women treated with maintenance interpersonal psychotherapy?
Topics: Adult; Affect; Anxiety Disorders; Combined Modality Therapy; Comorbidity; Depressive Disorder, Major | 2008 |
Low-dose sublingual zolpidem tartrate is associated with dose-related improvement in sleep onset and duration in insomnia characterized by middle-of-the-night (MOTN) awakenings.
Topics: Administration, Sublingual; Adult; Cross-Over Studies; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blin | 2008 |
Sublingual zolpidem is more effective than oral zolpidem in initiating early onset of sleep in the post-nap model of transient insomnia: a polysomnographic study.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Administration, Sublingual; Adult; Analysis of Variance; Cross-Over Studies; D | 2009 |
Effect of ramelteon on middle-of-the-night balance in older adults with chronic insomnia.
Topics: Aged; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Indenes; Mal | 2009 |
A 2-week efficacy and safety study of gaboxadol and zolpidem using electronic diaries in primary insomnia outpatients.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Ambulatory Care; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; Dou | 2009 |
Effects on sleep stages and microarchitecture of caffeine and its combination with zolpidem or trazodone in healthy volunteers.
Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Electro | 2009 |
Controlled clinical trial of zolpidem for the treatment of insomnia associated with attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder in children 6 to 17 years of age.
Topics: Adolescent; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Child; Double-Blind Method; Female; Human | 2009 |
Zolpidem extended-release improves sleep and next-day symptoms in comorbid insomnia and generalized anxiety disorder.
Topics: Adult; Anxiety Disorders; Citalopram; Delayed-Action Preparations; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy | 2009 |
Cognitive behavioral therapy, singly and combined with medication, for persistent insomnia: a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Aged; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedativ | 2009 |
Cognitive behavioral therapy, singly and combined with medication, for persistent insomnia: a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Aged; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedativ | 2009 |
Cognitive behavioral therapy, singly and combined with medication, for persistent insomnia: a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Aged; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedativ | 2009 |
Cognitive behavioral therapy, singly and combined with medication, for persistent insomnia: a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Aged; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedativ | 2009 |
Cognitive behavioral therapy, singly and combined with medication, for persistent insomnia: a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Aged; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedativ | 2009 |
Cognitive behavioral therapy, singly and combined with medication, for persistent insomnia: a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Aged; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedativ | 2009 |
Cognitive behavioral therapy, singly and combined with medication, for persistent insomnia: a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Aged; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedativ | 2009 |
Cognitive behavioral therapy, singly and combined with medication, for persistent insomnia: a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Aged; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedativ | 2009 |
Cognitive behavioral therapy, singly and combined with medication, for persistent insomnia: a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Aged; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedativ | 2009 |
Cognitive behavioral therapy, singly and combined with medication, for persistent insomnia: a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Aged; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedativ | 2009 |
Cognitive behavioral therapy, singly and combined with medication, for persistent insomnia: a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Aged; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedativ | 2009 |
Cognitive behavioral therapy, singly and combined with medication, for persistent insomnia: a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Aged; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedativ | 2009 |
Cognitive behavioral therapy, singly and combined with medication, for persistent insomnia: a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Aged; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedativ | 2009 |
Cognitive behavioral therapy, singly and combined with medication, for persistent insomnia: a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Aged; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedativ | 2009 |
Cognitive behavioral therapy, singly and combined with medication, for persistent insomnia: a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Aged; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedativ | 2009 |
Cognitive behavioral therapy, singly and combined with medication, for persistent insomnia: a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Aged; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedativ | 2009 |
Cognitive behavioral therapy, singly and combined with medication, for persistent insomnia: a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Aged; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedativ | 2009 |
Cognitive behavioral therapy, singly and combined with medication, for persistent insomnia: a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Aged; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedativ | 2009 |
Cognitive behavioral therapy, singly and combined with medication, for persistent insomnia: a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Aged; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedativ | 2009 |
Cognitive behavioral therapy, singly and combined with medication, for persistent insomnia: a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Aged; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedativ | 2009 |
Cognitive behavioral therapy, singly and combined with medication, for persistent insomnia: a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Aged; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedativ | 2009 |
Cognitive behavioral therapy, singly and combined with medication, for persistent insomnia: a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Aged; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedativ | 2009 |
Cognitive behavioral therapy, singly and combined with medication, for persistent insomnia: a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Aged; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedativ | 2009 |
Cognitive behavioral therapy, singly and combined with medication, for persistent insomnia: a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Aged; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedativ | 2009 |
Cognitive behavioral therapy, singly and combined with medication, for persistent insomnia: a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Aged; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedativ | 2009 |
Validation of the sleep impact scale in patients with major depressive disorder and insomnia.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antidepressive Agents; Citalopram; Delayed-Action Preparations; Depressive Disorder, Ma | 2009 |
Modafinil and zolpidem use by emergency medicine residents.
Topics: Adult; Akathisia, Drug-Induced; Amnesia; Anorexia; Benzhydryl Compounds; Central Nervous System Stim | 2009 |
Orexin receptor antagonism, a new sleep-promoting paradigm: an ascending single-dose study with almorexant.
Topics: Acetamides; Adolescent; Adult; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Drug Administr | 2010 |
Sublingual zolpidem in early onset of sleep compared to oral zolpidem: polysomnographic study in patients with primary insomnia.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Administration, Sublingual; Adult; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ma | 2010 |
Alterations in cyclic alternating pattern associated with phase advanced sleep are differentially modulated by gaboxadol and zolpidem.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Female; GABA Agonists; GABA-A Receptor A | 2010 |
Improved insomnia symptoms and sleep-related next-day functioning in patients with comorbid major depressive disorder and insomnia following concomitant zolpidem extended-release 12.5 mg and escitalopram treatment: a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Adult; Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; Citalopram; Delayed-Action Preparations; Depressive | 2011 |
Twelve months of nightly zolpidem does not lead to dose escalation: a prospective placebo-controlled study.
Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Double-Blind Method; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Follow-Up St | 2011 |
Sleep disturbance and the effects of extended-release zolpidem during cannabis withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Cannabinoids; Cannabis; Control Groups; Cross-Over Studies; Delayed-Action Preparations; Doub | 2011 |
Modeling sleep data for a new drug in development using markov mixed-effects models.
Topics: Acetates; Adult; Cross-Over Studies; Cyclopentanes; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics a | 2011 |
Twelve months of nightly zolpidem does not lead to rebound insomnia or withdrawal symptoms: a prospective placebo-controlled study.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Middle Aged; Placeb | 2012 |
EEG spectral power density profiles during NREM sleep for gaboxadol and zolpidem in patients with primary insomnia.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Brain Waves; Cross-Over Studies; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-B | 2012 |
MSLT in primary insomnia: stability and relation to nocturnal sleep.
Topics: Adult; Arousal; Case-Control Studies; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; | 2011 |
Differential effects of a dual orexin receptor antagonist (SB-649868) and zolpidem on sleep initiation and consolidation, SWS, REM sleep, and EEG power spectra in a model of situational insomnia.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Analysis of Variance; Benzofurans; Cross-Over Studies; Dose-Response Relationship | 2012 |
A comparison between acupuncture versus zolpidem in the treatment of primary insomnia.
Topics: Acupuncture Therapy; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Middle Aged; Psychiatric Status | 2012 |
Efficacy of eight months of nightly zolpidem: a prospective placebo-controlled study.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Analysis of Variance; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Mal | 2012 |
Novel sublingual low-dose zolpidem tablet reduces latency to sleep onset following spontaneous middle-of-the-night awakening in insomnia in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, outpatient study.
Topics: Administration, Sublingual; Adult; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Mal | 2013 |
Zolpidem "as needed" for the treatment of primary insomnia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
Topics: Adult; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Middle A | 2002 |
Polysomnographic findings during non-continuous administration of zolpidem.
Topics: Chronic Disease; Electroencephalography; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Polysomnography; Pyridines | 2002 |
Zolpidem "as needed" versus continuous administration: Pan-European study results.
Topics: Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Age | 2002 |
[Influence of ivadal and depakene chrono on sleep structure in patients with epilepsy].
Topics: Adult; Delayed-Action Preparations; Drug Administration Schedule; Electroencephalography; Electroocu | 2003 |
Preference of insomniac patients between a single dose of zolpidem 10 mg versus zaleplon 10 mg.
Topics: Acetamides; Aged; Circadian Rhythm; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ma | 2003 |
Effects of after-midnight intake of zolpidem and temazepam on driving ability in women with non-organic insomnia.
Topics: Arousal; Automobile Driving; Circadian Rhythm; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Hypn | 2003 |
Zolpidem is not superior to temazepam with respect to rebound insomnia: a controlled study.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Double-Blind Method; Drug Tolerance; Female; Humans; Hypnoti | 2004 |
Escitalopram dose-response revisited: an alternative psychometric approach to evaluate clinical effects of escitalopram compared to citalopram and placebo in patients with major depression.
Topics: Antidepressive Agents; Citalopram; Depressive Disorder, Major; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dou | 2004 |
Long-term, non-nightly administration of zolpidem in the treatment of patients with primary insomnia.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Double-Blind Method; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Hum | 2004 |
Cognitive behavior therapy and pharmacotherapy for insomnia: a randomized controlled trial and direct comparison.
Topics: Adult; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combined Modality Therapy; Double-Blind Method; Female; Follow- | 2004 |
Effect of zolpidem on sleep in women with perimenopausal and postmenopausal insomnia: a 4-week, randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
Topics: Adult; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Middle Aged; Perimenopause; Pos | 2004 |
Long-term use of sedative hypnotics in older patients with insomnia.
Topics: Acetamides; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; M | 2005 |
Next-day residual effects of hypnotics in DSM-IV primary insomnia: a driving simulator study with simultaneous electroencephalogram monitoring.
Topics: Adult; Arousal; Automobile Driving; Azabicyclo Compounds; Circadian Rhythm; Computer Simulation; Dia | 2005 |
Effect of zolpidem on sleep architecture and its next-morning residual effect in insomniac patients: a randomized crossover comparative study with brotizolam.
Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Azepines; Chi-Square Distribution; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Met | 2006 |
Zolpidem extended-release.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Delayed-Action Preparations; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Metho | 2006 |
Efficacy and safety of zolpidem-MR: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study in adults with primary insomnia.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Delayed-Action Preparations; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and S | 2006 |
Effect of zolpidem on the efficacy of continuous positive airway pressure as treatment for obstructive sleep apnea.
Topics: Adult; Arousal; Body Mass Index; Combined Modality Therapy; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure; Cro | 2006 |
A translational, caffeine-induced model of onset insomnia in rats and healthy volunteers.
Topics: Adult; Animals; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cross-Over Studies; Disease Models, Ani | 2007 |
Short-term treatment with gaboxadol improves sleep maintenance and enhances slow wave sleep in adult patients with primary insomnia.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Cross-Over Studies; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; | 2007 |
[Effects of paroxetine with or without zolpidem on depression with insomnia: a multi-center randomized comparative study].
Topics: Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; Depression; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Hyp | 2007 |
Acute effects of zolpidem on daytime alertness, psychomotor and physical performance.
Topics: Adult; Affect; Arousal; Athletic Performance; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Flicker Fusio | 2007 |
Potential pharmacokinetic basis for zolpidem dosing in children with sleep difficulties.
Topics: Adolescent; Age Factors; Analysis of Variance; Area Under Curve; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Admin | 2008 |
Evaluation of automated and semi-automated scoring of polysomnographic recordings from a clinical trial using zolpidem in the treatment of insomnia.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Double-Blind Method; Electroencephalography; Electronic Data Processing; Female; | 2007 |
Efficacy and safety of zolpidem extended release in elderly primary insomnia patients.
Topics: Aged; Analysis of Variance; Delayed-Action Preparations; Double-Blind Method; Drug-Related Side Effe | 2008 |
Long-term efficacy and safety of zolpidem extended-release 12.5 mg, administered 3 to 7 nights per week for 24 weeks, in patients with chronic primary insomnia: a 6-month, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicenter study.
Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Chronic Disease; Delayed-Action Preparations; Double-Blind Method; Drug | 2008 |
Post-bedtime dosing with indiplon in adults and the elderly: results from two placebo-controlled, active comparator crossover studies in healthy volunteers.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Azabicyclo Compounds; Benzodiazepines; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Bl | 2008 |
Effects of zolpidem on cyclic alternating pattern, an objective marker of sleep instability, in Japanese patients with psychophysiological insomnia: a randomized crossover comparative study with placebo.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Arousal; Double-Blind Method; Electroencephalography; Female; Follow-Up Studies; | 2008 |
Zolpidem in the treatment of transient insomnia: a double-blind, randomized comparison with placebo.
Topics: Adult; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedative | 1995 |
Antagonizing the effects of experimentally induced sleep disturbance in healthy volunteers by lormetazepam and zolpidem.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Attention; Benzodiazepines; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnoti | 1995 |
Effects of flurazepam and zolpidem on the perception of sleep in normal volunteers.
Topics: Adult; Cognition; Female; Flurazepam; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Placebos; Polysomnograp | 1995 |
Effects of flurazepam and zolpidem on the perception of sleep in insomniacs.
Topics: Adult; Arousal; Electroencephalography; Female; Flurazepam; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; P | 1995 |
Zolpidem and rebound insomnia--a double-blind, controlled polysomnographic study in chronic insomniac patients.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anxiety; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; | 1994 |
Randomized, double blind trial of zolpidem 10 mg versus triazolam 0.25 mg for treatment of insomnia in general practice.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Circadian Rhythm; Double-Blind Method; Family Practice; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and S | 1994 |
A multicenter, placebo-controlled study evaluating zolpidem in the treatment of chronic insomnia.
Topics: Adult; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Hypnotics | 1994 |
[Treatment of insomnia related to depressive disorders. Effects of zolpidem versus flunitrazepam administration and withdrawal evaluated in a double-blind study].
Topics: Adult; Depressive Disorder; Double-Blind Method; Flunitrazepam; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Mal | 1993 |
Zolpidem in the treatment of short-term insomnia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
Topics: Adult; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Middle Aged; Prognosis; P | 1996 |
Sleep in patients with chronic primary insomnia during long-term zolpidem administration and after its withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Middle Aged; Pyridines; S | 1996 |
Minimal rebound insomnia after treatment with 10-mg zolpidem.
Topics: Adult; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Middle Aged; Polysomnogra | 1997 |
Multidrug comparison (lorazepam, triazolam, zolpidem, and zopiclone) in situational insomnia: polysomnographic analysis by means of the cyclic alternating pattern.
Topics: Adult; Azabicyclo Compounds; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Lorazepam; Male; Middle Aged; | 1997 |
Sensitivity of cyclic alternating pattern to prolonged pharmacotherapy: a 5-week study evaluating zolpidem in insomniac patients.
Topics: Adult; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Polysomnography; | 1997 |
Comparison of the effects of zolpidem and flunitrazepam on sleep structure and daytime cognitive functions. A study of untreated unsomniacs.
Topics: Adult; Cognition; Flunitrazepam; GABA Modulators; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Middle Aged | 1998 |
[Safety profile of zolpidem: two studies of 3805 patients by Swiss practitioners].
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Middle Ag | 1999 |
Zolpidem for persistent insomnia in SSRI-treated depressed patients.
Topics: Adult; Comorbidity; Depressive Disorder; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Fol | 1999 |
Zolpidem, a valuable alternative to benzodiazepine hypnotics for chronic insomnia?
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics an | 1999 |
Placebo-controlled sleep laboratory studies on the acute effects of zolpidem on objective and subjective sleep and awakening quality in nonorganic insomnia related to neurotic and stress-related disorder.
Topics: Cross-Over Studies; Electroencephalography; Female; Health Status; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Moveme | 2000 |
Conventional and power spectrum analysis of the effects of zolpidem on sleep EEG in patients with chronic primary insomnia.
Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Brain; Double-Blind Method; Electroencephalography; Female; Humans; Hyp | 2000 |
Eight weeks of non-nightly use of zolpidem for primary insomnia.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Double-Blind Method; Drug Administration Schedule; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedat | 2000 |
The effects of zolpidem and zopiclone on daytime sleepiness and psychomotor performance.
Topics: Adult; Azabicyclo Compounds; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedative | 2000 |
A double-blind, randomized and placebo-controlled study on the polysomnographic withdrawal effects of zopiclone, zolpidem and triazolam in healthy subjects.
Topics: Adult; Azabicyclo Compounds; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Electroencephalo | 2001 |
[Correction of sleep disorders and efficacy of antihypertensive monotherapy in elderly patients: use of ivadal].
Topics: Aged; Blood Pressure; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Middle Aged; Pyri | 2001 |
Continuous versus non-nightly use of zolpidem in chronic insomnia: results of a large-scale, double-blind, randomized, outpatient study.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ma | 2002 |
"As needed" pharmacotherapy combined with stimulus control treatment in chronic insomnia--assessment of a novel intervention strategy in a primary care setting.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Behavior Therapy; Chronic Disease; Combined Modality The | 2002 |
A double-blind, comparative study of zolpidem and placebo in the treatment of insomnia in elderly psychiatric in-patients.
Topics: Aged; Dementia; Depression; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; H | 1992 |
Evaluation of EEG cyclic alternating pattern during sleep in insomniacs and controls under placebo and acute treatment with zolpidem.
Topics: Adult; Arousal; Electroencephalography; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Middle Aged; | 1992 |
Effects of zolpidem and flunitrazepam on nocturnal sleep of women subjectively complaining of insomnia.
Topics: Adult; Double-Blind Method; Female; Flunitrazepam; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Pyridines; Sleep | 1992 |
Subjective versus objective evaluation of hypnotic efficacy: experience with zolpidem.
Topics: Adult; Arousal; Electroencephalography; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Middle Aged; | 1991 |
Double blind comparison of zolpidem 20 mg versus flunitrazepam 2 mg in insomniac in-patients.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Double-Blind Method; Female; Flunitrazepam; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Middle Age | 1990 |
[Zolpidem tartrate].
Topics: Adult; Aged; Animals; Double-Blind Method; Flunitrazepam; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Mice; Pyr | 1990 |
Transient insomnia associated with a 3-hour phase advance of sleep time and treatment with zolpidem.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Circadian Rhythm; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; M | 1990 |
Zolpidem. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic potential.
Topics: Drug Interactions; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Premedication; Pyridines; Sleep Initiation and M | 1990 |
Effect of zolpidem on sleep in insomniac patients.
Topics: Adult; Clinical Trials as Topic; Electroencephalography; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ma | 1989 |
Zolpidem: a new imidazopyridine hypnotic.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; | 1989 |
162 other studies available for zolpidem and Chronic Insomnia
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Brain-penetrating 2-aminobenzimidazole H(1)-antihistamines for the treatment of insomnia.
Topics: Animals; Benzimidazoles; Brain; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Drug Design; Electroencephalography; Elec | 2009 |
Characterization of novel selective H1-antihistamines for clinical evaluation in the treatment of insomnia.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Dimethindene; Electroencephalography; Ether-A-Go-Go Potassium Channels; Histamine H1 | 2009 |
Novel benzothiophene H1-antihistamines for the treatment of insomnia.
Topics: Histamine H1 Antagonists; Humans; Receptors, Histamine H1; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorder | 2010 |
Identification of a novel selective H1-antihistamine with optimized pharmacokinetic properties for clinical evaluation in the treatment of insomnia.
Topics: Animals; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6; Dimethindene; Electroencephalography; Histamine H1 Antagonists; Hu | 2010 |
Design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationships of a series of novel N-aryl-2-phenylcyclopropanecarboxamide that are potent and orally active orexin receptor antagonists.
Topics: Animals; Cyclopropanes; Drug Design; Humans; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Models, Molecular; Orex | 2014 |
BDZs, Designer BDZs and Z-drugs: Pharmacology and Misuse Insights.
Topics: Azabicyclo Compounds; Benzodiazepines; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Sleep Initiation and Mainten | 2022 |
Successful accelerated taper for sleeping aid.
Topics: Drug Administration Schedule; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Sleep Aids, Pharmaceutical; Sleep Initiatio | 2021 |
Fall Risk, Healthcare Resource Use, and Costs Among Adult Patients in the United States Treated for Insomnia with Zolpidem, Trazodone, or Benzodiazepines: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Benzodiazepines; Cohort Studies; Health Care Costs; Humans; Medicare; Patie | 2022 |
Incremental health care resource use and costs among adult patients with depression and treated for insomnia with zolpidem, trazodone, or benzodiazepines.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Benzodiazepines; Delivery of Health Care; Depression; Female; Health Care Costs; Humans | 2022 |
Development and evaluation of a 3D printing protocol to produce zolpidem-containing printlets, as compounding preparation, by the pressurized-assisted microsyringes technique.
Topics: Aged; Benzodiazepines; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Middle Aged; Printing, Three-D | 2022 |
Cost-effectiveness analysis of lemborexant for treating insomnia in Japan: a model-based projection, incorporating the risk of falls, motor vehicle collisions, and workplace accidents.
Topics: Accidental Falls; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Cost-Effectiveness Analysis; Humans; Japan; Motor Vehicles; | 2022 |
Falls, healthcare resources and costs in older adults with insomnia treated with zolpidem, trazodone, or benzodiazepines.
Topics: Accidental Falls; Aged; Benzodiazepines; Delivery of Health Care; Female; Health Care Costs; Humans; | 2022 |
Real-World Characteristics and Treatment Patterns of Patients With Insomnia Prescribed Trazodone in the United States.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Antidepressive Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Benzodiazepines; Child; Cohort | 2022 |
[Clinical aspects of the use of imidazopyridine derivatives in the treatment of sleep disorders associated with post-COVID syndrome].
Topics: COVID-19; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; SARS-CoV-2; Sleep; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disor | 2022 |
Zolpidem, but lemborexant more consistently, showed self-reported and objective benefits compared with placebo in insomnia patients with sleep duration of less than 6 hours per night.
Topics: Double-Blind Method; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Self Report; Sleep; Sleep Duration; Sleep Init | 2023 |
Prescribing Z-drugs in Greece: an analysis of the national prescription database from 2018 to 2021.
Topics: Aged; Antidepressive Agents; Drug Prescriptions; Female; Greece; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ma | 2023 |
Symptom-specific effects of zolpidem and behavioral treatment for insomnia: a network intervention analysis.
Topics: Behavior Therapy; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Pyridines; Sleep Initiation | 2023 |
Associations between insomnia medications and risk of death by suicide.
Topics: Antidepressive Agents; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; | 2023 |
[Exploring the therapeutic mechanism of
Topics: Animal Experimentation; Animals; Betulinic Acid; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Female; Molecular Docking Si | 2023 |
The effect of zolpidem-CR on the suicide item of the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression in outpatients with depression, insomnia and suicidal ideation: Lessons learned.
Topics: Depression; Humans; Outpatients; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance | 2023 |
Pharmacotherapy for Insomnia Disorder in Older Adults.
Topics: Aged; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Humans; Pyridines; Pyrimidines; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance | 2019 |
Temporal association between zolpidem medication and the risk of suicide: A 12-year population-based, retrospective cohort study.
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Odds Ratio; Regression Analysis; Republic of Korea; Retrospective Studies; Ris | 2020 |
QTc Prolongation Secondary to Zolpidem Use.
Topics: Aged; Female; Humans; Long QT Syndrome; Sleep Aids, Pharmaceutical; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance | 2020 |
Zolpidem overutilisation among Korean patients with insomnia.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Republic | 2020 |
Effects of sedative-hypnotics on sleep quality among patients with insomnia: evidence from an observational, pre-post study in India.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Benzodiazepines; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; India; Inpatients; Male; Midd | 2020 |
Zolpidem Versus Trazodone Initiation and the Risk of Fall-Related Fractures among Individuals Receiving Maintenance Hemodialysis.
Topics: Accidental Falls; Aged; Cognitive Dysfunction; Dizziness; Drug Prescriptions; Female; Fractures, Bon | 2020 |
High and low ambient temperature at night and the prescription of hypnotics.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Prescriptions; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disord | 2021 |
Impetuous suicidality with zolpidem use: a case report and minireview.
Topics: Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Suicidal Ideati | 2021 |
Zolpidem improves patients' sleep quality after surgical treatment for infective endocarditis: a prospective observational study.
Topics: Disorders of Excessive Somnolence; Endocarditis; Humans; Sleep; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Dis | 2022 |
Benefits of switching to suvorexant for mild primary insomnia when sleepwalking episodes occur during zolpidem treatment.
Topics: Adult; Azepines; Female; GABA-A Receptor Agonists; Humans; Orexin Receptor Antagonists; Sleep Initia | 2017 |
Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in chronic insomnia patients and the association with poor treatment outcome at 2months.
Topics: Adult; Antidepressive Agents; Azabicyclo Compounds; Biomarkers; Case-Control Studies; Chronic Diseas | 2017 |
Zolpidem-induced sneezing: A case report of positive rechallenge.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Pyridines; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; | 2018 |
Cost-effectiveness analysis of suvorexant for the treatment of Japanese elderly patients with chronic insomnia in a virtual cohort.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Azepines; Chronic Disease; Computer Simulation; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Fema | 2018 |
Zolpidem and Eszopiclone Pre-medication for PSG: Effects on Staging, Titration, and Adherence.
Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Body Mass Index; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure; Eszopiclone; Fema | 2018 |
Responsiveness of Veterans Affairs Health Care System to Zolpidem Safety Warnings.
Topics: Female; Guideline Adherence; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Practice Patterns, Physicians'; Sleep Aids, | 2018 |
Severe Chronic Abuse of Zolpidem in Refractory Insomnia.
Topics: Aged; Anticonvulsants; Chronic Disease; Clonazepam; Female; Hospitalization; Humans; Levetiracetam; | 2018 |
How representative are insomnia clinical trials?
Topics: Adult; Automobile Driving; Bias; Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; | 2018 |
Effectiveness of zolpidem and sleep hygiene counseling in the treatment of insomnia in solid tumor patients.
Topics: Counseling; Humans; Neoplasms; Prospective Studies; Sleep Hygiene; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance | 2019 |
Polysomnographic Sleep Disturbances Due to High-Dose Zolpidem Use: A Case Report.
Topics: Accidents, Traffic; Adult; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Male; Polysomnography; Sleep In | 2018 |
Outdoor Artificial Nighttime Light and Use of Hypnotic Medications in Older Adults: A Population-Based Cohort Study.
Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Cohort Studies; Drug Utilization Review; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; | 2018 |
Trends in prescriptions for sedative-hypnotics among Korean adults: a nationwide prescription database study for 2011-2015.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Distribution; Aged; Antidepressive Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Benzodiazepi | 2019 |
Nail pitting and splinter hemorrhage possibly induced by zolpidem.
Topics: Adult; Drug Substitution; Female; Hemorrhage; Humans; Nail Diseases; Nails; Sleep Aids, Pharmaceutic | 2019 |
A Standardized Phlorotannin Supplement Attenuates Caffeine-Induced Sleep Disruption in Mice.
Topics: Animals; Caffeine; Electroencephalography; Electromyography; Follow-Up Studies; Hypnotics and Sedati | 2019 |
Preclinical in vivo characterization of lemborexant (E2006), a novel dual orexin receptor antagonist for sleep/wake regulation.
Topics: Acetamides; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Animals; Female; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Isoquinolines; Ma | 2019 |
A case of zolpidem dependence with extremely high daily doses.
Topics: Clonazepam; GABA Modulators; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Irritable Mood; Male; Middle Aged; Sle | 2019 |
Prescription Medications for the Treatment of Insomnia and Risk of Suicide Attempt: a Comparative Safety Study.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Off-Label Use; Risk Assessment; Sleep Aids, Pharmaceutical | 2019 |
Common Insomnia Drugs Receive Black Box Warning.
Topics: Acetamides; Drug Labeling; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Eszopiclone; Humans; Pyr | 2019 |
Sleep-related eating disorder secondary to zolpidem.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Eating; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedativ | 2013 |
Benefits and risks of benzodiazepines and Z-drugs: comparison of perceptions of GPs and community pharmacists in Germany.
Topics: Attitude of Health Personnel; Azabicyclo Compounds; Benzodiazepines; Community Pharmacy Services; Fe | 2013 |
[How well do Z-substances help in insomnia?].
Topics: Acetamides; Azabicyclo Compounds; Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Eszopicl | 2013 |
Zolpidem and driving impairment--identifying persons at risk.
Topics: Automobile Driving; Delayed-Action Preparations; Drug Approval; Female; Half-Life; Humans; Hypnotics | 2013 |
Insomnia and associated factors among anaesthetists in Hong Kong.
Topics: Adult; Age Distribution; Alcohol Drinking; Anesthesiology; Clinical Competence; Cross-Sectional Stud | 2013 |
Primary health care practitioner perspectives on the management of insomnia: a pilot study.
Topics: Female; General Practitioners; Health Care Surveys; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Interviews as T | 2014 |
Non-benzodiazepine hypnotics and older adults: what are we learning about zolpidem?
Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Fractures, Bone; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Memory; Patient Selection; Post | 2014 |
Effect of withdrawal from long-term use of temazepam, zopiclone or zolpidem as hypnotic agents on cognition in older adults.
Topics: Aged; Azabicyclo Compounds; Cognition; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; M | 2014 |
Effect of withdrawal from long-term use of temazepam, zopiclone or zolpidem as hypnotic agents on cognition in older adults.
Topics: Aged; Azabicyclo Compounds; Cognition; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; M | 2014 |
Effect of withdrawal from long-term use of temazepam, zopiclone or zolpidem as hypnotic agents on cognition in older adults.
Topics: Aged; Azabicyclo Compounds; Cognition; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; M | 2014 |
Effect of withdrawal from long-term use of temazepam, zopiclone or zolpidem as hypnotic agents on cognition in older adults.
Topics: Aged; Azabicyclo Compounds; Cognition; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; M | 2014 |
Variables influencing patient satisfaction for hypnotics: difference between zolpidem and brotizolam.
Topics: Age Factors; Azepines; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Middle Aged; Patient Satisfact | 2014 |
Cataloging nocturia (circa 2014).
Topics: Behavior Therapy; Female; Hip Fractures; Humans; Male; Nocturia; Pyridines; Sleep Initiation and Mai | 2014 |
Misuse of benzodiazepines and Z-drugs in the UK.
Topics: Acetamides; Adolescent; Adult; Anxiety; Azabicyclo Compounds; Benzodiazepines; Female; Humans; Hypno | 2014 |
Dependence, misuse, and beliefs regarding use of hypnotics by elderly psychiatric patients taking zolpidem, estazolam, or flunitrazepam.
Topics: Aged; Attitude to Health; Estazolam; Female; Flunitrazepam; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; P | 2015 |
Correlates of dependence and beliefs about the use of hypnotics among zolpidem and zopiclone users.
Topics: Adult; Azabicyclo Compounds; Depressive Disorder; Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry); Female; Hospitals; H | 2015 |
Doctor Shopping Behavior for Zolpidem Among Insomnia Patients in Taiwan: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Databases, Factual; Female; Humans; Inappropriate Prescr | 2015 |
Characterization of JNJ-42847922, a Selective Orexin-2 Receptor Antagonist, as a Clinical Candidate for the Treatment of Insomnia.
Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Brain; Cell Line; CHO Cells; Cricetulus; Dopamine; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Hyp | 2015 |
[An Autopsy Case of Abnormal Behaviour Induced by Zolpidem].
Topics: Accidents; Aged; Autopsy; Humans; Male; Mental Disorders; Pyridines; Sleep Initiation and Maintenanc | 2015 |
The Use of Hypnotics and Mortality--A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study.
Topics: Benzodiazepines; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Middle Aged; Pyridin | 2015 |
Nonbenzodiazepine Sedative Hypnotics and Risk of Fall-Related Injury.
Topics: Accidental Falls; Acetamides; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Brain Injuries, Traumatic; Cross-Over Studies | 2016 |
In vitro and in vivo evaluation of nano-based films for buccal delivery of zolpidem.
Topics: Acrylic Resins; Administration, Oral; Animals; Biological Availability; Drug Delivery Systems; Hypno | 2016 |
Ceiling effects of sedatives should be considered in the management of chronic insomnia.
Topics: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Diso | 2017 |
Chronic insomnia.
Topics: Adult; Behavior Therapy; Chronic Disease; Combined Modality Therapy; Comorbidity; Depressive Disorde | 2008 |
What is the effective component in suanzaoren decoction for curing insomnia? Discovery by virtual screening and molecular dynamic simulation.
Topics: Binding Sites; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Computer Simulation; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; gamma-Aminobu | 2008 |
Starting insomnia treatment: the use of benzodiazepines versus z-hypnotics. A prescription database study of predictors.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Azabicyclo Compounds; Benzodiazepines; Databases, Factual; Dru | 2009 |
Possibility that certain hypnotics might cause cancer in skin.
Topics: Acetamides; Animals; Azabicyclo Compounds; Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Causality; Cross-Sectional Studies | 2008 |
Zolpidem extended-release 12.5 mg associated with improvements in work performance in a 6-month randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Delayed-Action Preparations; Efficiency; Employee Performance Appraisal; Female; | 2008 |
Writing emails as part of sleepwalking after increase in Zolpidem.
Topics: Adult; Electronic Mail; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Pyridines; Sleep Initiation and Mai | 2009 |
Zolpidem induced Nocturnal Sleep-Related Eating Disorder (NSRED) in a male patient.
Topics: Circadian Rhythm; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Middle Aged; | 2009 |
Toward optimal health: diagnosis and management of disordered sleep in women: Dr. Daniel J Buysse interviewd by Jodi R. Godfrey.
Topics: Behavior Therapy; Cognition Disorders; Comorbidity; Female; Health Status; Humans; Hypnotics and Sed | 2009 |
Characterisation of the effects of caffeine on sleep in the rat: a potential model of sleep disruption.
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Disease Models, Animal; Elec | 2009 |
Total absence of recall of discussion occurred shortly after ingestion of 10 mg zolpidem.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Memory Disorders; Mental Recall; Pyridines; Sleep In | 2009 |
Highway driving performance and cognitive functioning the morning after bedtime and middle-of-the-night use of gaboxadol, zopiclone and zolpidem.
Topics: Adult; Affect; Arousal; Attention; Automobile Driving; Azabicyclo Compounds; Cognition; Cross-Over S | 2009 |
Retrograde effects of triazolam and zolpidem on sleep-dependent motor learning in humans.
Topics: Adult; Arousal; Cognition Disorders; Disorders of Excessive Somnolence; Dose-Response Relationship, | 2010 |
Cognitive behavioral therapy alone and with medication for persistent insomnia.
Topics: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combined Modality Therapy; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Pyridines; | 2009 |
Cognitive behavioral therapy alone and with medication for persistent insomnia.
Topics: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combined Modality Therapy; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Pyridines; | 2009 |
Effect of hypnotic drugs on body balance and standing steadiness.
Topics: Acetamides; Adult; Aged; Alcohol Drinking; Azabicyclo Compounds; Benzodiazepines; Chronic Disease; D | 2010 |
Prevalence and cost of insomnia in a state Medicaid fee-for-service population based on diagnostic codes and prescription utilization.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Child; Child, Preschool; Comorbidity; Diagnosis-Related Grou | 2010 |
Edluar--a new sublingual formulation of zolpidem.
Topics: Administration, Sublingual; Area Under Curve; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Cross-Over Studies; Humans; | 2010 |
Increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in women receiving zolpidem during pregnancy.
Topics: Adult; Cesarean Section; Congenital Abnormalities; Databases, Factual; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and | 2010 |
Efficacy and safety of nonbenzodiazepine hypnotics for chronic insomnia in patients with bipolar disorder.
Topics: Acetamides; Adolescent; Adult; Azabicyclo Compounds; Bipolar Disorder; Eszopiclone; Female; Humans; | 2011 |
The ambivalent sleeper.
Topics: Adult; Dreams; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Health Behavior; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Iraq War, | 2010 |
Hypnosedative use and predictors of successful withdrawal in new patients attending a falls clinic: a retrospective, cohort study.
Topics: Accidental Falls; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Cohort Studies; Fem | 2010 |
Neurological perspectives in insomnia and hyperarousal syndromes.
Topics: Arousal; Brain; Electroencephalography; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Muscle, Skeletal; Nervous S | 2011 |
Zolpidem dependence and withdrawal seizure--report of two cases.
Topics: Adult; Cerebral Cortex; Comorbidity; Depressive Disorder, Major; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D | 2011 |
Spontaneous adverse event reports associated with zolpidem in Australia 2001-2008.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Australia; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Midd | 2011 |
Insomnia: evidence-based approaches to assessment and management.
Topics: Acetamides; Azabicyclo Compounds; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Hyp | 2011 |
Treatment of night eating syndrome.
Topics: Anorexia; Behavior Therapy; Circadian Rhythm; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Depression; Diet Records | 2011 |
Zolpidem ingestion, automatisms, and sleep driving: a clinical and legal case series.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Automatism; Automobile Driving; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Headache; Humans; Hypnotics | 2011 |
Sleep aid toxicosis in dogs: 317 cases (2004-2010).
Topics: Acetamides; Animals; Azabicyclo Compounds; Benzodiazepines; Comorbidity; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Eszopic | 2011 |
Relationship of zolpidem and cancer risk: a Taiwanese population-based cohort study.
Topics: Adult; Breast Neoplasms; Cohort Studies; Confidence Intervals; Esophageal Neoplasms; Female; Humans; | 2012 |
Drugs for insomnia.
Topics: Benzodiazepines; Drug Interactions; Histamine Antagonists; Humans; Indenes; Pyridines; Sleep Initiat | 2012 |
Zolpidem use and risk of fracture in elderly insomnia patients.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Benzodiazepines; Cross-Over Studies; Female; Fractures, Bone; Humans; Hypno | 2012 |
[Comparative evaluation of the hypnotic drugs under conditions of brain injury].
Topics: Animals; Azabicyclo Compounds; Brain Injuries; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Hypoxia; Injections, Intrape | 2012 |
Pharmacokinetic evaluation of eszopiclone: clinical and therapeutic implications.
Topics: Acetamides; Adult; Aged; Azabicyclo Compounds; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A; Cyt | 2012 |
FDA requires lower dosing of zolpidem.
Topics: Automobile Driving; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Pyridines; Sex Factors; Sleep Ini | 2013 |
Ineffectiveness of intermittent zolpidem.
Topics: Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Pyridines; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Zolpidem | 2003 |
Zolpidem dependence case series: possible neurobiological mechanisms and clinical management.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; GABA Agonists; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Middle | 2003 |
[Specific features of the structure of sleep and personality under the conditions of chronic emotional stress and methods of improving the adaptive abilities of man].
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Adult; Chronic Disease; Delta Rhythm; Electroencephalography; Female; Hum | 2003 |
Somnambulism due to probable interaction of valproic acid and zolpidem.
Topics: Bipolar Disorder; Citalopram; Depression; Drug Interactions; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Male | 2003 |
Does insomnia in prison improve with time? Prospective study among remanded prisoners using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.
Topics: Adult; Benzodiazepines; Chloral Hydrate; Drug Utilization Review; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Seda | 2003 |
A novel clinical pattern of visual hallucination after zolpidem use.
Topics: Adult; Female; Hallucinations; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Pyridines; Sleep Initiation and Main | 2003 |
On the sleep promoting effects of BR-16A: interaction with GABAergic modulators.
Topics: Alprazolam; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Female; GABA Agonists; GAB | 2004 |
Perchance, to sleep...and then stay asleep.
Topics: Acetamides; Benzodiazepines; Diet; Exercise; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Pyridine | 2004 |
The possibility of preventing functional impairment due to sleep loss by pharmacologically enhancing sleep.
Topics: Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Melatonin; Pyridines; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Z | 2005 |
Medication-associated somnambulism.
Topics: Adolescent; Cyclohexanols; Depressive Disorder, Major; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Pyri | 2005 |
NICE: The National Institute of Clinical Excellence -- or Eccentricity? Reflections on the Z-drugs as hypnotics.
Topics: Acetamides; Azabicyclo Compounds; Benzodiazepines; Half-Life; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Piper | 2005 |
NICE review: not nice for patients!
Topics: Acetamides; Azabicyclo Compounds; Benzodiazepines; Half-Life; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Piper | 2005 |
Making decisions in the absence of high quality clinical evidence: we need to bring some science into the judgement.
Topics: Acetamides; Azabicyclo Compounds; Benzodiazepines; Drug Costs; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Pipe | 2005 |
Short-term treatment with hypnotic drugs for insomnia: going beyond the evidence.
Topics: Acetamides; Azabicyclo Compounds; Benzodiazepines; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Evidence-Based Medicine; H | 2005 |
A NICE missed opportunity?
Topics: Acetamides; Azabicyclo Compounds; Benzodiazepines; Drug Tolerance; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; | 2005 |
Zolpidem at supratherapeutic doses can cause drug abuse, dependence and withdrawal seizure.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Panic Disorder; Pyridines; Risk Factors; Seizures; Sle | 2005 |
One rare side effect of zolpidem--sleepwalking: a case report.
Topics: Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Middle Aged; Pyridines; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Diso | 2005 |
QT interval prolongation and Torsades de Pointes in a patient receiving zolpidem and amiodarone.
Topics: Aged; Amiodarone; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Drug Interactions; Electric Countershock; Female; Heart Co | 2006 |
Letter from Konstantinos P. Letsas et al. - invited editorial comment.
Topics: Amiodarone; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Drug Interactions; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Long QT Synd | 2006 |
Abnormal auditory N400 in a case of zolpidem dependence, during a working memory test.
Topics: Adult; Cognition Disorders; Evoked Potentials, Auditory; Female; GABA Agonists; Humans; Memory Disor | 2006 |
Consultation corner. Are the new sleep aids right for you?
Topics: Acetamides; Azabicyclo Compounds; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Indenes; Piperazines; Pyridines; | 2006 |
Meds and the restless search for sleep.
Topics: Acetamides; Aged; Azabicyclo Compounds; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Piperazines; Pyridines; Pyr | 2006 |
Zolpidem tartrate use as contributory factor in sinus disease.
Topics: Chronic Disease; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Middle Aged; Pyridines; Severity of Illnes | 2006 |
Commentary on a critique for the Journal of Psychopharmacology: NICE--excellence or eccentricity? Reflections on the z-drugs as hypnotics review.
Topics: Acetamides; Azabicyclo Compounds; Benzodiazepines; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Piperazines; Pra | 2007 |
Effectiveness and safety of hypnotic drugs in the treatment of insomnia in over 70-year old people.
Topics: Aged; Cognition Disorders; Dementia; Depression; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Health Status | 2007 |
Compulsive activity and anterograde amnesia after zolpidem use.
Topics: Adult; Amnesia, Anterograde; Compulsive Behavior; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Pyridines | 2007 |
Will insomnia treatments produce overall cost savings to commercial managed-care plans? A predictive analysis in the United States.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Algorithms; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Delayed-Action Preparations; Female; Forecasti | 2007 |
A parent's nightmare.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Chronotherapy; Headache; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Parents; Pyridine | 2005 |
"I can't sleep at night" an unusual case of insomnia.
Topics: Aged; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency; Blood Transfusion; Colonic Neoplasms; Combined Modality Therapy; Cont | 2005 |
The management of insomnia in the older adult.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antidepressive Agents; Baths; Exercise; Humans; Hypnot | 2007 |
Greater incidence of depression with hypnotic use than with placebo.
Topics: Acetamides; Azabicyclo Compounds; Cross-Sectional Studies; Depressive Disorder, Major; Drug Prescrip | 2007 |
Putting "sleepdriving" and new safety warning in perspective.
Topics: Automobile Driving; Drug Labeling; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Indenes; Middle Aged; Psychoses, | 2007 |
Zolpidem and amnestic sleep related eating disorder.
Topics: Amnesia, Anterograde; Compulsive Behavior; Depression; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Female; Humans; | 2007 |
Extensive craving in high dose zolpidem dependency.
Topics: Adult; Behavior, Addictive; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Humans; | 2008 |
What every dentist should know about the "z-sedatives".
Topics: Acetamides; Azabicyclo Compounds; Drug Interactions; Eszopiclone; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; P | 2007 |
[Benzodiazepine-like hypnotics--attitudes and prescription practice among general practitioners].
Topics: Adult; Attitude of Health Personnel; Azabicyclo Compounds; Benzodiazepines; Clinical Competence; Fam | 2008 |
Road traffic accident risk related to prescriptions of the hypnotics zopiclone, zolpidem, flunitrazepam and nitrazepam.
Topics: Accidents, Traffic; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Azabicyclo Compounds; Female; Flunitrazepam; Follow-Up | 2008 |
Magic bullets for insomnia? Patients' use and experiences of newer (Z drugs) versus older (benzodiazepine) hypnotics for sleep problems in primary care.
Topics: Acetamides; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Attitude to Health; Azabicyclo Compounds; Be | 2008 |
[Zolpidem dependence and depression in the elderly].
Topics: Aged; Depressive Disorder; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Humans; H | 1995 |
Dose-related sensory distortions with zolpidem.
Topics: Adult; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Hallucinations; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Me | 1995 |
[Treatment of sleep disorders in the elderly with zolpidem. Results of sleep polygraphy in 3 elderly patients with depressive neuroses].
Topics: Aged; Arousal; Attention; Depressive Disorder; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration | 1994 |
[Abrupt shift to zolpidem, a new imidazopyridine hypnotic, in insomniac patients previously treated with benzodiazepine hypnotics].
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Feasibility Studie | 1993 |
New drugs. In the realm of the brain.
Topics: Central Nervous System Agents; Depression; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Migraine Disorders; Paro | 1993 |
Zolpidem for insomnia.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Costs and Cost Analysis; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Pyridines; Receptors, GABA-A; | 1993 |
Dosage titration issues.
Topics: Adult; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and | 1996 |
Zolpidem-induced psychosis.
Topics: Adult; Anorexia Nervosa; Bulimia; Depressive Disorder; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therap | 1996 |
Dependence and tolerance with zolpidem.
Topics: Adult; Drug Tolerance; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Pyridines; Sleep Initiation and Mainte | 1996 |
Zolpidem tissue concentrations in a multiple drug related death involving Ambien.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Depression; Drug Overdose; Fatal Outcome; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spect | 1995 |
Zolpidem-induced agitation and disorganization.
Topics: Akathisia, Drug-Induced; Dementia, Vascular; Depressive Disorder; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Seda | 1996 |
Zolpidem for dementia-related insomnia and nighttime wandering.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alzheimer Disease; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Pyridines | 1997 |
Insomnia.
Topics: Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Pyridines; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Triazolam; Z | 1997 |
Comment: zolpidem: distinct from triazolam?
Topics: Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Pyridines; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Triazolam; Z | 1997 |
Safety and tolerance of zolpidem in the treatment of disturbed sleep: a post-marketing surveillance of 16944 cases.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Drug Tolerance; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; | 1998 |
Zolpidem for insomnia related to PTSD.
Topics: Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Middle Aged; Pyridines; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Diso | 1999 |
Zolpidem tartrate and somnambulism.
Topics: Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Middle Aged; Military Personnel; Polysomnography; Pyridines; | 1999 |
[Treatment of insomnia in patients with borderline mental diseases].
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Borderline Personality Disorder; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; M | 1999 |
Hypnotic drugs.
Topics: Acetamides; Administration, Oral; Alcohol Drinking; Barbiturates; Chloral Hydrate; Ethchlorvynol; GA | 2000 |
[Evolution of the pharmacology of hypnotic drugs: from alcohol to zolpidem].
Topics: Ethanol; History, 16th Century; History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; Humans; Hypnotics and | 1999 |
Zolpidem abuse.
Topics: Aged; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and | 2001 |
[Pharmacological profile and clinical effect of zolpidem (Myslee tablets), a hypnotic agent].
Topics: Animals; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Pyridines; Receptors, GABA-A; Sleep Initiation and Mainten | 2002 |
The safety and efficacy of zolpidem in insomniac patients: a long-term open study in general practice.
Topics: Family Practice; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Middle Aged; Pyri | 1992 |