zithromax and Keratoconjunctivitis

To evaluate the efficacy of azithromycin hydrate ophthalmic solution for the treatment of internal hordeolum and meibomitis with or without phlyctenular keratitis.. Retrospective study.. Patients diagnosed with internal hordeolum or meibomitis were prescribed azithromycin hydrate ophthalmic solution twice daily for 2 days and then once daily for 12 days. Depending on the presence of meibomitis-related keratoconjunctivitis (MRKC), we further divided the patients with meibomitis into three subgroups: meibomitis alone (non-MRKC group), meibomitis with non-phlyctenular MRKC (non-phlyctenular group), and meibomitis with phlyctenular MRKC (phlyctenular group). Inflammatory findings (eyelid redness and conjunctival hyperemia) were scored before and after treatment. Some patients also underwent culture testing fluids discharged by the meibomian gland orifices.. Three patients (3 eyes) had internal hordeolum and 16 patients (16 eyes) had meibomitis. After treatment, the inflammatory findings disappeared in all eyes with internal hordeolum. Among the patients with meibomitis, three eyes were in the non-MRKC, six in the non-phlyctenular, and seven in the phlyctenular group. The inflammatory findings were significantly improved only in the phlyctenular group. Among seven eyes with positive culture results, Cutibacterium acnes was detected in five, and treatment improved the inflammatory findings in all of these eyes.. Azithromycin hydrate ophthalmic solution is effective for the treatment of inflammatory meibomian gland diseases, including internal hordeolum and meibomitis. In particular, the agent is highly efficient in patients with phlyctenular MRKC.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Azithromycin; Blepharitis; Hordeolum; Humans; Inflammation; Keratitis; Keratoconjunctivitis; Meibomian Glands; Meibomitis; Ophthalmic Solutions; Retrospective Studies

To report a case of microsporidia (Encephalitozoon hellem) keratoconjunctivitis acquired through avian transmission in an immunocompetent adult, diagnosed by metagenomic deep sequencing (MDS), and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction.. A case report.. An 18-year-old woman was referred with unilateral keratoconjunctivitis unresponsive to topical and systemic therapy after exposure to birdcage debris. Slit-lamp examination of the left eye revealed a follicular papillary reaction of the palpebral conjunctiva and multiple corneal punctate epithelial opacities that stained minimally with fluorescein. In vivo confocal microscopy revealed bright double-walled structures and smaller bright round structures in the superficial epithelial debris and epithelium. Molecular diagnosis with MDS of E. hellem was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction. Clinical resolution and normalization of in vivo confocal microscopy was observed after a 6-week course of topical azithromycin. The patient elected a 3-week course of topical voriconazole 1% for definitive antimicrosporidial treatment, with no evidence of persistent infection 1 month later.. Microsporidial (E. hellem) keratoconjunctivitis can occur through avian transmission in immunocompetent hosts. Topical azithromycin may be effective against this pathogen. MDS has utility in the diagnosis of atypical keratoconjunctivitis.

Topics: Adolescent; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antifungal Agents; Azithromycin; Drug Therapy, Combination; Encephalitozoon; Eye Infections, Fungal; Female; Humans; Immunocompetence; Keratoconjunctivitis; Metagenomics; Microscopy, Confocal; Microsporidiosis; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Voriconazole

The coronavirus disease 2019 global pandemic is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Several ophthalmic manifestations have been reported to be associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, including conjunctivitis, acute sixth nerve palsy, and multiple cranial neuropathies. We present a unique case of unilateral phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis in a 5-year-old boy in the setting of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ascorbic Acid; Azithromycin; Child, Preschool; Conjunctivitis, Viral; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; COVID-19 Nucleic Acid Testing; Drug Therapy, Combination; Eye Infections, Viral; Fluorometholone; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Keratoconjunctivitis; Male; Ophthalmic Solutions; SARS-CoV-2; Slit Lamp Microscopy; Tomography, Optical Coherence; Visual Acuity

Allergies are frequently implicated in ophthalmologic practice. These typically benign allergies can be potentially severe for the ocular surface and have an impact in everyday life. We relate, through a case of keratoconjunctivitis involving 2 types of hypersensitivity, the various triggers and therapeutic choices to allow a more effective treatment.

Topics: Adult; Allergens; Animals; Azithromycin; Blepharitis; Cats; Dermatitis, Atopic; Desensitization, Immunologic; Dogs; Drug Therapy, Combination; Eosinophilia; Histamine Antagonists; Humans; Hypersensitivity, Immediate; Immunoglobulin E; Intradermal Tests; Keratoconjunctivitis; Lubricant Eye Drops; Male; Pyroglyphidae; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal; Tacrolimus

We report 3 children referred for recurrent blepharokeratoconjunctivitis, despite the application of topical antibiotic and anti-inflammatory treatments. Oral azithromycin combined with anti-inflammatory treatment was effective in controlling the disease.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Administration, Topical; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Azithromycin; Blepharitis; Child; Child, Preschool; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Keratoconjunctivitis; Male; Treatment Outcome; Visual Acuity