zithromax and Burns

Nanoparticles are becoming increasingly important against resistant superbugs including Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections.. Exploration of Azithromycin as an adjunctive therapy to Ciprofloxacin for treatment of P. aeruginosa infections. Also, preparation of Ciprofloxacin-Azithromycin nanoparticles on chitosan nanocarrier (Cipro-AZM-CS) and assessment of its antimicrobial effect in vitro and in vivo.. Detection of biofilm production and biofilm-specific antibiotic resistance ndvB and tssC1 genes was attempted. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and Minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) were done in vitro for assessment of P. aeruginosa planktonic and biofilm forms eradication, respectively. In In vivo study, Cipro-AZM-CS and free form were used to evaluate survival rate, wound contraction and bacterial load in mice after third degree burn.. All isolates were positive for biofilm production and ndvB and tssC1 genes. Majority of isolates (37, 74%) were extensively drug resistant. In the planktonic state, MIC values of Cipro-AZM free and CS forms were significantly lower than free Cipro MIC (P = 0.015 and P < 0.001 respectively). Also, Cipro-AZM free and CS MBEC values were significantly lower than that of free Cipro (P < 0.010 and P < 0.001 respectively). Furthermore, The MIC and MBEC values of free Cipro-AZM decreased significantly when challenged with Cipro-AZM-CS (P = 0.009 and P < 0.001 respectively). In vivo study combined free and Cipro-AZM-CS treated subgroups showed 100% mice survival with early resolution of infection and wound contraction (75%, 77.5% respectively) VS 45% for Cipro CS (P < 0.001).. Combined free and Cipro-AZM-CS showed promising results in vitro and in vivo overcoming high resistance of biofilm producing P. aeruginosa.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Azithromycin; Biofilms; Burns; Ciprofloxacin; Drug Therapy, Combination; Mice; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Nanomedicine; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Pseudomonas Infections

Cutaneous thermal injuries (i.e., burns) remain a common form of debilitating trauma, and outcomes are often worsened by wound infection with environmental bacteria, chiefly Pseudomonas aeruginosa.. We tested the effects of early administration of a single dose of azithromycin, with or without subsequent antipseudomonal antibiotics, in a mouse model of standardized thermal injury infected with P aeruginosa via both wound site and systemic infection. We also tested the antimicrobial effects of these antibiotics alone or combined in comparative biofilm and planktonic cultures in vitro.. In our model, early azithromycin administration significantly reduced wound and systemic infection without altering wound site or circulating neutrophil activity. The antimicrobial effect of azithromycin was additive with ciprofloxacin but significantly reduced the antimicrobial effect of tobramycin. This pattern was reproduced in biofilm cultures and not observed in planktonic cultures of P aeruginosa.. These data suggest that early administration of azithromycin following burn-related trauma and infection may reduce P aeruginosa infection and potential interactions with other antibiotics should be considered when designing future studies.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Azithromycin; Burns; Ciprofloxacin; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Synergism; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Male; Mice; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Pseudomonas Infections; Tobramycin; Treatment Outcome; Wound Infection

Virtually all pediatric cases of Neisseria gonorrhoeae originate from contact with an infected adult. A cutaneous abscess caused by N. gonorrhoeae in a child is extremely rare, especially outside the genital area. We report a case of a 22-month-old boy with a gonococcal cutaneous abscess on the abdominal wall and suggest that N. gonorrhoeae should be included in the differential diagnosis of skin and soft tissue infections in children.

Topics: Abdomen; Abscess; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Azithromycin; Burns; Ceftriaxone; Diagnostic Errors; Drug Therapy, Combination; Emergency Shelter; Environmental Exposure; Gonorrhea; Humans; Infant; Male; Neisseria gonorrhoeae; Skin Diseases, Bacterial; Spouse Abuse

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Azithromycin; Burn Units; Burns; Cohort Studies; Fatal Outcome; Female; Humans; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Mycobacterium Infections; Tobramycin; Trachea

Thermal injury to the epiglottis as a result of ingestion of hot food should be considered in the differential diagnosis of earache, severe throat pain and odynophagia. We report a case of a 48-year-old physician, who developed acute, severe throat pain, odynophagia and earache after inadvertent ingestion of hot food. This case is unique, as the physician performed the endoscopy on himself and diagnosed thermal epiglottitis. The epiglottitis responded to a short course of steroids and antibiotics. The physician has remained symptom free since treatment.

Topics: Acute Disease; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Azithromycin; Burns; Endoscopy, Digestive System; Epiglottis; Epiglottitis; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Male; Methylprednisolone; Middle Aged; Ulcer