zhengguangmycin and Carcinoma--Squamous-Cell

To compare the clinical efficacy and toxicity of teniposide (VM26) of higher dose with those of lower dose, both combined with cisplatin (CDDP) and pingyangmycin (PYM), in the treatment of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of oral and maxillofacial region (SCCOMR).. Sixty-five patients with SCCOMR entered into this study prospectively. Thirty-three patients were treated with higher dose of VM26 (total dose was 320 mg) combined with CDDP and PYM (PTP1), the other thirty-two patients were treated with lower dose (total dose was 158 mg) of VM26 combined with CDDP and PYM (PTP2).. Thirty-three patients received a total of 38 cycles of PTP1. The overall response rate was 81.82% (27/33). Thirty-two patients received a total of 36 cycles of PTP2 and showed overall response rate by 81.25% (26/32). There was no significant difference between PTP1 and PTP2 groups in response rate (P > 0.05). But the blood toxicity was more severe in PTP1 group than in PTP2 group (P < 0.01). Bone marrow depression rate (1-4 stage) was 48.48% in PTP1 group versus 25.00% in the other group.. A high response rate of 81.25% and relatively slighter adverse events could be obtained for lower dose of VM26 combined with CDDP and PYM (PTP2). So, the chemotherapy schedule, PTP2, a novel teniposide based regimen in SCCOMR could be employed and spread in clinical practice.

Topics: Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Bleomycin; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cisplatin; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Male; Mouth Neoplasms; Prospective Studies; Teniposide

To evaluate the effect of locoregional immunotherapy of interleukin 2 (IL-2) in combination with chemotherapy upon intratumoral lymphocytes in oral squamous cell carcinomas.. Thirty-four patients with stage T3 or T4 oral squamous cell carcinoma were randomly divided into two groups, and treated with two therapies. 23 cases of them received immunochemotherapy and 11 cases received PVP chemotherapy. Changes of T lymphocyte subsets and B cells at tumor site in the two groups were compared before and after therapy.. The relative numbers of CD4+, CD8+, CD20+ before and after treatment in immunochemotherapy were respectively 36.96, 35.65, 28.65 and 56.61, 38.52, 38.70. The numbers of CD4+, CD20+ increased significantly after immunochemotherapy. However, in chemotherapy group, there was no significant difference in numbers of CD4+, CD8+ and CD20+ cells between pre and post treatment.. Immunochemotherapy for oral squamous cell carcinomas may play an important role in increasing local immunity.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Bleomycin; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cisplatin; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Injections, Intralesional; Interleukin-2; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Neoplasms; T-Lymphocyte Subsets; Vincristine

A prospective randomized trial in 64 esophageal cancer patients was conducted from 1986 to 1989. The patients were randomized into two groups-PPF (DDP 100 mg/m2 + pingyangmycin + 5-FU) regimen plus radiotherapy (combined group) or radiotherapy alone (control group). The overall response rate and CR rate in the combined group were 87.5% (28/32) and 40.6% (13/32). Those of the control group were 81.3% (26/32) and 21.9% (7/32), respectively. The overall response rates were similar in these two groups, but the CR rate in the combined groups was higher than that of the control group. The 1-year survival rates in the combined and control groups were 77.4% (24/31) and 45.2% (14/31) (p less than 0.01). The 2-year survival rates were 56.3% (9/16) and 34.6% (9/26), respectively (p greater than 0.05). Our preliminary results show that combined chemotherapy including high dose cisplatin and radiotherapy may improve the therapeutic result of esophageal cancer.

Topics: Adult; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Bleomycin; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cisplatin; Cobalt Radioisotopes; Combined Modality Therapy; Esophageal Neoplasms; Female; Fluorouracil; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Radioisotope Teletherapy

To study the differential expression of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF beta 1) in oral carcinoma and stroma lymphocytes by induction chemotherapy and inquire into the mechanism of TGF beta 1 information transmission.. Forty cases of oral tumor were treated with MTX, CDDP and PYM via subcutaneous implantable drug pump, in situ hybridization method was adopted to detect the expression of TGF beta 1 mRNA.. The positive expression of TGF beta 1 mRNA was enhanced in oral carcinoma (P < 0.05). After the induction chemotherapy via subcutaneous implantable drug pump, not only the expression level of TGF beta 1 in malignant cells of invading front zone was up-regulated (P < 0.05), but the expression level of stroma lymphocytes was higher than before.. These data demonstrated that TGF beta 1 not only has transforming potential, but also enhances the malignant progression of oral carcinoma. It was clear that TGF beta 1 can act as a tumor suppressor and a significant stimulator of T-cell-mediated tumor cytotoxity as well.

Topics: Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Bleomycin; Carboplatin; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Female; Humans; Infusion Pumps, Implantable; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Mouth Neoplasms; RNA, Messenger; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Transforming Growth Factor beta1

To evaluate the effects of thermochemotherapy on the immunologic function of lip cancer patients and to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical application of thermochemotherapy.. Twenty patients were heated by microwave at (42.5 +/- 0.2) degree C for 40 minutes after venoclysis of Pingyangmycin (8 mg) and Methotrexate (20 mg). Each of the patients received the therapy twice a week for 5 weeks. Venous blood was obtained before the first thermochemotherapy and after the tenth thermochemotherapy. Lymphocyte transformation index was examined by 3H-TdR method, and CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were assayed by flow cytometry.. The tumors of the 20 patients were completely extinctive. The lymphocyte transformation index after treatment was significantly higher than that before treatment (P < 0.01). The CD4+ T cells and CD4+/CD8+ after treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment (P < 0.05); the CD8+ T cells after treatment was lower than that before treatment, but there was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05).. Thermochemotherapy can enhance the lip cancer patient's T lymphocyte immunologic function, which possibly plays an important role in the treatment of lip cancer.

Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Bleomycin; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; CD4-CD8 Ratio; Female; Hot Temperature; Humans; Lip Neoplasms; Lymphocyte Activation; Male; Methotrexate; Microwaves; Middle Aged; T-Lymphocytes

The effects of intracellular glutathione (GSH) concentration on the toxicity of pingyangmycin in human squamous cell carcinoma cell line were evaluated. By using the GSH synthesis inhibitor D,L-buthionine-S,R-sulfoximine and the precursor of cysteine 2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylate (OTZ), intracellular glutathione levels were artificially changed. After exposed to different GSH concentrations cultured tumor cells were treated with pingyangmycin and the resultant mode of cell death was analyzed using morphological and biochemical criteria. It was found that the toxicity of pingyangmycin was obviously increased to cultured tumor cells on lowering GSH levels, with the mode of cell death switching from necrosis to apoptosis. In contract, treatment with OTZ increased GSH level compared with that of control cells, inhibited cell death induced by pingyangmycin via a necrotic rather than apoptotic process. These observations suggest that modulation of GSH levels effects the toxicity of pingyangmycin and that GSH influences the mode of cell death induced by pingyangmycin.

Topics: Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Apoptosis; Bleomycin; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; DNA Fragmentation; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Glutathione; Humans; Intracellular Fluid; Mouth Neoplasms; Tumor Cells, Cultured

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of transient exposure to chemotherapeutic drugs on multidrug resistance of Tca8113 cells.. The MDR1 and MRP gene expressions in Tca8113 and K562/ADM cells lines were analyzed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), after the cells were treated with different cytotoxic drugs. The function and expressions of P-glycoprotein 170 and multidrug resistant associated protein were studied using fluorescence photometric assays.. The inhibitive rate of Tca8113 cells was higher than that of K562/ADM, after exposure to chemotherapeutic drugs. The transient exposure to cytotoxic drugs weakly induced MDR1 and multidrug resistant associated protein expression in Tca8113 cells. The intracellular drug concentration in K562/ADM was lower than that in Tca8113 cells.. Induction of MDR1 and multidrug resistant associated protein gene expression response to cytotoxic drugs may be related with the increased multidrug resistance in drug-treated human tumor cells.

Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; Bleomycin; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cisplatin; Drug Resistance, Multiple; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Genes, MDR; Humans; K562 Cells; Methotrexate; Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Tongue Neoplasms; Tumor Cells, Cultured

To study and evaluate the clinical effects of combined preoperative chemotherapy and their relations with multi drug resistance (MDR).. 102 cases with oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC) were included in the study (63 males and 39 females, aged 22 to 67 years). Among the subjects there were 57 cases with cancer of tongue and 45 cases with cancer of buccal mucosa. 27 cases in the group were classified as stage II, 55 as stage III and 20 cases as stage IV according to TNM standard. All cases accepted PYM + 5-Fu + DDP combined chemotherapy pre-operatively. The total given dose was PYM 48 mg, 5-Fu 7.5 g and DDP 300 mg. After the chemotherapy, radical surgery were performed within 2 weeks. The diagnosis of all cases were proved as OSCC by biopsy.. Total effective rate of the combined chemotherapy was 82.4%. All of the cases were followed up and their 3 years' survival rate was 67.6%.. The combined chemotherapy of PYM + 5-Fu + DDP is effective in using as one of comprehensive treatment for OSCC.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Bleomycin; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cisplatin; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Fluorouracil; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Neoplasms; Tongue Neoplasms; Treatment Outcome

Topics: Aged; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Bleomycin; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cisplatin; Combined Modality Therapy; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Esophageal Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mitomycin; Phytotherapy

To investigate the value of applying interventional radiologic treatment (IRT) in the management of advanced gynecological malignancy.. Twenty-four historically confirmed advanced gynecological malignancy patients from September 1997 to June 1998 were included. After receiving internal iliac arterial infusion chemotherapy with Seldinger, the patients' tumor tissues were pathologically studied at different times. The tumor size was measured by ultrasonography two weeks after IRT.. Before internal iliac arterial infusion chemotherapy, internal iliac arteriography showed that uterus artery was thickened and tortuous, the new vessels appeared and the tumors were stained. In some cases, the image of blood vessel-lake and arteriovenous shunt were seen in tumor tissues. Twenty-four hours after internal iliac arterial infusion chemotherapy, focal necrosis was observed in tumor cells, seventy-two hours after, the necrosis became more thorough. In regard to the tumor size, two patients were CR, nineteen patients were PR, and two patients were NC. Only one patient failed to respond to IRT. Chemotherapy side effects were slight. Patients' WBC returned normal within two weeks after chemotherapy. No complication happened.. 1. Internal iliac arteriography has practical significance in assessing the tumor size and evaluating the therapeutic effects; 2. the internal iliac arterial infusion chemotherapy can reduce the tumor size, which prepares the patient in a better condition for operation. The most appropriate time for operation is two weeks after internal iliac arterial infusion chemotherapy. Even for the patient who is not suitable for operation, the reduction of the tumor size still can enhance the therapeutic effects of radiotherapy. 3. IRT is easy to perform, effective and with few slight side effects and complication. It is an effective way to save the patient's life.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Bleomycin; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cisplatin; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Iliac Artery; Infusions, Intra-Arterial; Middle Aged; Radiography, Interventional; Thiotepa; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

Pingyangmycin (PYM; Bleomycin A(5)), an antitumour antibiotic is currently used during anticancer therapy. Previous experiments demonstrated that the therapeutic efficiency of PYM for treatment of malignant tumours is considered to be related to its ability to cause DNA strand breaks in vitro. However, very little is known about the interaction of PYM with the target cells, and it is still unclear how PYM enters the cells. In this study, cell death induced by PYM was studied in a human squamous cell carcinoma cell line (KB cells). In order to determine if cell death occurred by necrosis (reproductive cell death) or apoptosis (programmed cell death), KB cells were exposed to different concentrations of PYM and evaluated by biochemical and morphological criteria. Our results indicate that KB cells displayed an arrest in the G(2)-M phase of the cell cycle and became enlarged and polynucleated before dying at the low concentrations of PYM. In contrast, when cells were exposed to high concentrations of PYM, morphological changes identical to those usually associated with apoptosis were observed as well as internucleosomal digestion of genomic DNA. In conclusion, we demonstrate that PYM is able to induce two distinct modes of cell death depending on the doses of PYM.

Topics: Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Apoptosis; Bleomycin; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; DNA Fragmentation; DNA, Neoplasm; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; KB Cells; Necrosis

The antitumour antibiotic pingyangmycin (PYM; bleomycin A5) was isolated from many components of bleomycin (BLM) produced by Streptomyces pingyangensisn. PYM has a similar chemical structure to that of BLM but the terminal amine moiety is different. Therefore, it would be of significance to demonstrate the antitumour effect and action mechanism of PYM on cultivated tumour cells. In this study, we used the cell growth curve, plating efficiency, and DNA synthesis inhibition assay to demonstrate the cytotoxicity of PYM on cultured KB cells. In the meantime, the morphological variations of drug-treated cells were also observed. In addition, we used the DNA precipitation assay, a simple and rapid assay, for detecting DNA damage caused by PYM on cultured KB cells for potential genotoxicity. Our results indicate that the effect of PYM significantly inhibits the cell growth, colonyforming ability, and DNA synthesis of KB cells in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, when treated with 5 micrograms/ml of PYM for 24 h on cultured KB cells, DNA strand breaks can be induced (P < 0.05). Therefore, it is considered that the action mechanism of PYM is due to its ability to inhibit the synthesis of DNA and split the DNA chains.

Topics: Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Bleomycin; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cell Division; Cell Survival; DNA Damage; DNA, Neoplasm; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Mouth Neoplasms; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Tumor Stem Cell Assay

The chemosensitivities of 27 fresh specimens of head and neck cancers were tested with MTT assay to study the practicability and accuracy of the assay for the examination of chemosensitivity in head and neck cancer patients. The chemosensitivities among cancers of different primary sites, pathologic types, histological differentiations, DNA ploidies and estrogen receptors were compared in an attempt to evaluate the choice of anticancer drugs for individual chemotherapy. Eight anticancer drugs: Methotroxate (MTX), Mitomycin C (MMC), fluorouracil (5-Fu), Carboplatin (CBDCA), Pingyangmycin (PYM), Homoharringtonine (HHA), Etoposid (VP16) and Vincristine (VCR) were included. The success rate of MTT assay in the present study was 92.6% and the accuracy was relatively high. The sensitivity sequence was PYM > HHA > MTX > CBDCA > MMC > 5-Fu > VCR > VP16, which suggested HHA should be recommended first to the chemotherapy of head and neck cancer. No chemosensitivity differences were found among different primary sites histological differentiations and estrogen receptors. The chemosensitivity of squamous cell carcinoma was significantly higher than that of adenoid cystic carcinoma. The chemosensitivity of aneuploid tumor was significantly higher than that of diploid.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; Antineoplastic Agents; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Bleomycin; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Female; Harringtonines; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Homoharringtonine; Humans; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged

A simple method of preparation of 99mTc-pingyangmycin (PYM) for clinical use has been established using super-micro-amounts of SnCl2 as a reductant under dark conditions. The labeling efficiency was higher than 96%, and further purification was not necessary. The effect of ascorbic acid on the distribution of 99mTc-PYM had been investigated. Ascorbic acid increased uptake of 99mTc-PYM in the tumor. Tumor uptake increased with increasing concentration of ascorbic acid. Tumor-blood, tumor-liver, tumor-lung ratios at 1.5 h after 99mTc-PYM administration were 5.19 +/- 1.64, 2.71 +/- 0.51 and 4.15 +/- 0.57, respectively. Preliminary clinical trials in nine patients showed that 99mTc-PYM is a potentially useful tracer for tumor detection with good sensitivity and specificity (true positive 7/7, true negative 1/1, and false positive 1/1).

Topics: Aged; Animals; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Bleomycin; Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Drug Stability; Female; Humans; Isotope Labeling; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Middle Aged; Organotechnetium Compounds; Radiography; Radionuclide Imaging; Technetium; Tissue Distribution

We have successfully established a human laryngeal squamous carcinoma model in nude mice by transplantation of surgical specimen from patients with laryngeal carcinoma. Histopathological study revealed squamous carcinoma. We named it HLC14. Light and electron microscopy showed that the morphology was similar to that of the original tumor. The transplanted tumor has maintained for more than two years through 25 passages. The tumor grew steadily and fast. The successful rate of transplantation was 100%. Pingyangmycine was then used to treat the transplantable model. The result was satisfactory.

Topics: Animals; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Bleomycin; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Humans; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Nude; Neoplasm Transplantation; Tumor Cells, Cultured

Lymphocytes from 28 untreated laryngeal cancer patients and 23 healthy controls were cultured in vitro and exposured to pingyangmycin (bleomycin A5), a clastogen. The lymphocytes were arrested in metaphase and analyzed. The total chromosome aberration rate, mean chromatid break rate per cell and cell aberration rate were 1.98% +/- 0.05%, 0.57% +/- 0.35%, and 42.8% +/- 12% respectively for laryngeal cancer patients. However, for healthy controls these values were 0.94% +/- 0.04%, 0.28% +/- 0.12%, and 27% +/- 12% respectively. Statistical analysis showed there are significant differences between the two groups. The data indicate that under our experimental conditions chromatid break rate 0.40 can be considered to be a borderline value, 0.80 hypersensitive value. For any individual, if the chromatid break rate is 0.40 or more, one should be ranked as having cancer risk. If 0.80 or more, then, highly cancer risk.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Bleomycin; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Chromosome Aberrations; Female; Humans; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Lymphocytes; Male; Middle Aged; Mutagens; Tumor Cells, Cultured

Topics: Aged; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Bleomycin; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Combined Modality Therapy; Esophageal Neoplasms; Female; Fluorouracil; Humans; Injections, Intralesional; Male; Microwaves; Middle Aged; Mitomycins

Topics: Animals; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Bleomycin; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Immunotherapy, Adoptive; Killer Cells, Lymphokine-Activated; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Nude; Tongue Neoplasms; Tumor Cells, Cultured

This was a report on the sensitivity of human squamous (Tca-8113) and adenoid cystic carcinoma (Acc-2) cell lines with Cisplatin (DDP) and it's combined chemotherapy (DDP+VCR+PYM, or PVP). DDP could kill both these two cell lines in vitro depending on the concentration of agent in given time. The rate of 3H-TdR incorporation, plating efficiency and DNA synthesis of carcinoma cells were prevented in drug-exposing groups. Tca-8113 cell line was more sensitive to DDP than Acc-2 cell line (P less than 0.01). PVP combined chemotherapy could enhance DDP's anticancer efficiency.

Topics: Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Bleomycin; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cisplatin; Humans; Salivary Gland Neoplasms; Tongue Neoplasms; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Vincristine

Pingyangmycin (PYM), produced by Streptomyces pingyangensis n. sp., was found to be identical to bleomycin A5. In the present study, a comparative observation was carried out in 10 human cancer cell lines. As determined by a colony-forming assay, the dose-response curves obtained from cells exposed to PYM for 1 h were of one type only: biphasic exponential. The sensitivities of these cells derived from different types of tumors, however, varied with a broad range of ID50 values (0.03-0.82 microgram/ml). A hepatoma cell line (BEL-7402) and three lines derived from squamous carcinomas of the esophagus (Eca109 and CaEs17) or the nasopharynx (CNE) were relatively sensitive (ID50 less than 0.20 microgram/ml) to PYM which is known to have clinical activity against these diseases. Two gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines (MGc80-3 and BGC-823) and a pulmonary adenocarcinoma cell line (SPC-A-1) appeared to be less sensitive to the drug, with ID50 values of 0.21-0.47 microgram/ml. PYM was 7-fold more effective against LTEP-78 cells derived from pulmonary squamous carcinoma as opposed to SPC-A-1 cells, resulting in a low ID50 value of 0.04 microgram/ml. However, PYM as a single agent has not yet received full evaluation in relation to this type of lung cancer. In contrast with other cell lines of squamous cancer origin, HeLa and CC-801 cells derived from uterine cervix carcinomas which have been evaluated as highly responsive to PYM had the highest ID50 values (greater than 0.70 microgram/ml).

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Bleomycin; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Esophageal Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Lung Neoplasms; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Tumor Stem Cell Assay; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

During 1984-1986, fifty-one patients, including 42 squamous cell carcinomas, 8 carcinomas of salivary gland origin and 1 malignant histiocytoma, were treated in our hospital using the PVP (CDDP, VCR and PINGYANGMYCIN) regimen or single CDDP. The response rate was 71.4% (30/42) for squamous cell carcinoma (CR 4 cases, PR 26 cases, NR 12 cases) with PVP, and 3/8 (all PR cases) for carcinoma of salivary gland origin (all adenoid cystic carcinomas) with CDDP. The authors indicate that besides the MTX and PINGYANGMYCIN, CDDP is another effective and useful drug for squamous cell carcinoma. When single dose (80-120 mg) is given by infusion with fluid and diuretics, it is very safe and (no need) worry about impairment of kidney function.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Bleomycin; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cisplatin; Facial Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Jaw Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Neoplasms; Vincristine

The effect of pinyangmycin (PYM) on the growth and differentiation of the transplantable squamous cell carcinoma of forestomach (GS-742) in mice was studied by optical and electron microscope. The results showed that PYM had marked growth inhibitory effect on GS-742. Histopathologically, tumor necrosis, fibrosis and infiltration of lymphocytes were obvious in mice treated with PYM. A decrease in mitosis and increase in keratinization were also conspicuous. Ultrastructurally, microvilli on tumor cells were significantly reduced in number with formation of blebs and ruffles; mitochondria were swollen; endoplasmic reticulum was often decreased and dilated; and desmosome and tonofibrils were increased. The results indicate that PYM exerts its growth-inhibitory effect on tumor cells by cell damage, inhibition of mitosis and promotion of differentiation.

Topics: Animals; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Bleomycin; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cell Differentiation; Female; Male; Mice; Neoplasm Transplantation; Stomach Neoplasms

Topics: Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Bleomycin; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Humans; Hyperbaric Oxygenation; Tongue Neoplasms; Tumor Cells, Cultured

Established human cancer cell lines derived from liver cancer (BEL-7402), nasopharyngeal cancer (CNE-2) and stomach cancer (MGC-803) were used in this study. These human cancer cells have been serially transplanted in nude mice. As determined by clonogenic assay, pingyangmycin (bleomycin A5) was highly cytotoxic to these three cell lines, of which the liver cancer cell line was more sensitive than the other two. At a tolerated dose level, pingyangmycin exhibited a remarkable growth inhibition on the growth of the liver cancer and stomach cancer xenografts, the inhibition rates being 70% and 85%, respectively. No pathologic changes were found in the organs of treated animals.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous; Animals; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Bleomycin; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cell Line; Female; Liver Neoplasms; Male; Mice; Mice, Nude; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms; Neoplasm Transplantation; Stomach Neoplasms; Tumor Cells, Cultured

This paper reports an observation on kinetics of induction and resolution of the thermotolerance expressed by Tca8113 in vitro in form of colony-forming rate, synchronization and laser flow cytometry after the cells being exposed to continuous and fractionized heat treatment of 41.5-45.5 degrees C for 4 hours. The process of thermotolerance kinetics could be divided into three phases: triggering, development and decay. The triggering phase lasted about 8 hours. The duration of development and decay phases was related to the temperature of initial heating. The higher the temperature, the shorter the duration. Generally, thermotolerance gradually disappeared 96 hours after the initial heating treatment. The thermotolerance of the synchronized cells in various phases was G1 greater than G2 greater than M greater than S. Hyperthermia simultaneously combined with pingyangmycin both produces a greater synergetic cytotoxic effect and reduces the degree of thermotolerance.

Topics: Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Bleomycin; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cell Cycle; Cell Line; Hot Temperature; Humans; Tongue Neoplasms

One hundred and fifteen patients with inoperable esophageal carcinoma were treated by either chemotherapy alone or chemotherapy plus Rabdosia rubescens. In group A, out of 31 patients treated with pingyangmycin (P) and nitrocaphane (N), 10 (32.3%) responded to the treatment. Among them, 2 showed partial response (greater than 50% tumor regression) and 8 minimal response (greater than 50% tumor regression). In group B, out of 84 patients treated with PN plus Rabdosia rubescens, 59 (70.2%) responded. Of them, 10 showed complete response (100% tumor regression), 16 partial response and 33 minimal response. the one-year survival rates of group A and B were 13.6% and 41.3%. Statistical significance was present in these two groups both in the response rate and one-year survival rate. As regards the drug toxicity, there was no significant difference between these two groups. Alopecia, anorexia, nausea and hyperpyrexia occurred in more than 30% of patients. Mild leukopenia and thrombocytopenia and interstitial pneumonia were noted in some patients, and two patients died of toxicity in the lungs.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Antineoplastic Agents; Bleomycin; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Drug Synergism; Esophageal Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Male; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Medicine, East Asian Traditional; Middle Aged; Nitrogen Mustard Compounds; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal

Topics: Adult; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Bleomycin; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Combined Modality Therapy; Facial Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Neoplasms; Premedication

Topics: Adult; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Bacterial Vaccines; Bleomycin; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Combined Modality Therapy; Corynebacterium; Female; Humans; Jaw Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Neoplasms

Topics: Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Bleomycin; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Esophageal Neoplasms; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Lip Neoplasms; Tongue Neoplasms

Topics: Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Bleomycin; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Facial Neoplasms; Humans; Maxillary Neoplasms; Mouth Neoplasms