zerumbone and Body-Weight

Chronic inflammation has been linked to colitis-associated colorectal cancer in humans. The human symbiont enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF), a pro-carcinogenic bacterium, has the potential to initiate and/or promote colorectal cancer. Antibiotic treatment of ETBF has shown promise in decreasing colonic polyp formation in murine models of colon cancer. However, there are no reported natural products that have shown efficacy in decreasing polyp burden. In this study, we investigated the chemopreventive effects of oral administration of zerumbone in ETBF-colonized mice with azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced tumorigenesis. Zerumbone significantly reduced the severity of disease activity index (DAI) scores as well as several parameters of colonic inflammation (i.e., colon weight, colon length, cecum weight and spleen weight). In addition, inflammation of the colon and cecum as well as hyperplasia was reduced. Zerumbone treatment significantly inhibited colonic polyp numbers and prevented macroadenoma progression. Taken together, these findings suggest that oral treatment with zerumbone inhibited ETBF-promoted colon carcinogenesis in mice indicating that zerumbone could be employed as a promising protective agent against ETBF-mediated colorectal cancer.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Azoxymethane; Bacteroides fragilis; Body Weight; Carcinogenesis; Colitis; Colonic Neoplasms; Dextran Sulfate; Female; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Protective Agents; Sesquiterpenes; Severity of Illness Index

We investigated the effects of zerumbone, a natural cyclic sesquiterpene of Zingiber zerumbet Smith, on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hyperlipidemic hamsters. After being fed HFD for 2 weeks, Syrian golden hamsters were dosed orally with zerumbone (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) once daily for 8 weeks. Decreased plasma levels of TC, TG and LDL-C, as well as the concentrations of hepatic lipids, with a simultaneous increase in fecal lipids were found. The ratios of LDL-C/HDL-C and TC/HDL-C were elevated by zerumbone. Zerumbone exhibited the ability to decreased hepatic mRNA levels of fatty acid synthase, malic enzyme, sterol-regulatory element binding protein and 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase reductase. The hepatic mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α, together with its target gene carnitine palmitoyl transferase and acyl-CoA oxidase were also upregulated by zerumbone. Zerumbone is effective to improve dyslipidemia by modulating the genes expression involving in the lipolytic and lipogenic pathways of lipids metabolism.

Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase; Diet, High-Fat; Disease Models, Animal; Eating; Feces; Gene Expression Regulation; Hyperlipidemias; Lipase; Lipid Metabolism; Lipids; Lipolysis; Liver; Male; Mesocricetus; Sesquiterpenes; Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1; Zingiberaceae

Zerumbone- (ZER-) loaded nanostructure lipid carrier (NLC) (ZER-NLC) prepared for its antileukemia effect in vitro was evaluated for its toxicological effects by observing changes in the liver, kidney, spleen, lung, heart, and brain tissues, serum biochemical parameters, total haemogram, and bone marrow stem cells. The acute toxicity study for ZER-NLC was conducted by orally treating BALB/c mice with a single dose with either water, olive oil, ZER, NLC, or ZER-NLC for 14 days. The animals were observed for clinical and behavioral abnormalities, toxicological symptoms, feed consumption, and gross appearance. The liver, kidney, heart, lung, spleen, and brain tissues were assessed histologically. Total haemogram was counted by hemocytometry and microhematocrit reader. Bone marrow examination in terms of cellular morphology was done by Wright staining with bone marrow smear. Furthermore, serum biochemical parameters were determined spectrophotometrically. Grossly all treated mice, their investigated tissues, serum biochemical parameters, total haemogram, and bone marrow were normal. At oral doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg ZER-NLC there was no sign of toxicity or mortality in BALB/c mice. This study suggests that the 50% lethal dose (LD50) of ZER-NLC is higher than 200 mg/kg, thus, safe by oral administration.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Body Weight; Bone Marrow; Hematologic Tests; Lipids; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Models, Animal; Nanostructures; Organ Size; Sesquiterpenes; Toxicity Tests, Acute

Zingiber zerumbet contained the typically essential oils. The research aims to evaluate the effect Z. zerumbet essential oil and zerumbone inhlation on rats body weight, food consumption, parasympathetic nerve activity and brown adipose tissue temperature. The essential oils of Z. zerumbet was isolated from the rhizome of Z. zerumbet. The component in the oil and zerumbone structure was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. The structure of zerumbone crystal was determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The Sprague dawley male adult rats were divided into 4 groups namely Normal Diet (ND) group, High Fat Diet (HFD) group, HFD inhaled Z. zerumbet essential oils group and HFD inhaled zerumbone group. The results showed that inhalation of Z. zerumbet essential oils and zerumbone increased the food consumption as well as increased the body weight. The increasing body weight of rats which inhaled Z. zerumbet essential oils and zerumbone is by decreasing the sympathetic nerve activity. In conclusion, inhaling Z. zerumbet essential oils and zerumbone as the major component of the oils increased the weight gain.

Topics: Adipose Tissue, Brown; Administration, Inhalation; Animals; Body Weight; Eating; Male; Oils, Volatile; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Plant Exudates; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sesquiterpenes; Weight Gain; Zingiberaceae

Natural dietary anti-obesogenic phytochemicals may help combat the rising global incidence of obesity. We aimed to identify key hepatic pathways targeted by anti-obsogenic ginger phytochemicals fed to mice.. Weaning mice were fed a high-fat diet containing 6-gingerol (HFG), zerumbone (HFZ), a characterized rhizome extract of the ginger-related plant Alpinia officinarum Hance (high fat goryankang, HFGK) or no phytochemicals (high-fat control, HFC) for 6 wks and were compared with mice on a low-fat control diet (LFC). Increased adiposity in the HFC group, compared with the LFC group, was significantly (p<0.05) reduced in the HFG and HFGK groups without food intake being affected. Correlation network analysis, including a novel residuals analysis, was utilized to investigate relationships between liver proteomic data, lipid and cholesterol biomarkers and physiological indicators of adiposity. 6-Gingerol significantly increased plasma cholesterol but hepatic farnesyl diphosphate synthetase, which is involved in cholesterol biosynthesis was decreased, possibly by negative feedback. Acetyl-coenzyme A acyltransferase 1 and enoyl CoA hydratase, which participate in the β-oxidation of fatty acids were significantly (p<0.05) increased by consumption of phytochemical-supplemented diets.. Dietary ginger phytochemicals target cholesterol metabolism and fatty acid oxidation in mice, with anti-obesogenic but also hypercholesterolemic consequences.

Topics: Acetyl-CoA C-Acyltransferase; Adiposity; Alpinia; Animals; Anti-Obesity Agents; Biomarkers; Body Weight; Catechols; Cholesterol; Diet, Fat-Restricted; Diet, High-Fat; Enoyl-CoA Hydratase; Fatty Alcohols; Geranyltranstransferase; Liver; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Plant Extracts; Principal Component Analysis; Proteins; Proteomics; Sesquiterpenes; Zingiber officinale