zeaxanthin and Retinitis-Pigmentosa

To describe different patterns of macular pigment (MP) seen in fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy (FLIO) and to analyze ex vivo fluorescence characteristics of carotenoids.. A total of 31 eyes of young healthy subjects, 4 eyes from patients with albinism, 36 eyes with macular telangiectasia type 2 (MacTel), 24 eyes with retinitis pigmentosa, and 1 eye with a macular hole were included in this clinic-based, cross-sectional study. All subjects underwent Heidelberg Engineering FLIO and MP measurements (dual-wavelength autofluorescence). Fundus autofluorescence (FAF) lifetimes of a 30° retinal field were detected in two spectral channels (SSC: 498-560 nm; LSC: 560-720 nm), and amplitude-weighted mean fluorescence lifetimes (τm) were calculated. Additionally, autofluorescence lifetimes of known dilutions of lutein and zeaxanthin were measured in a cuvette in free- and protein-associated states.. MP shows a significant inverse correlation to foveal FAF lifetimes measured with FLIO (SSC: r = -0.608; P < 0.001). Different distribution patterns can be assigned to specific disease-related changes. Two patients with albinism, who did not have MP, were found to be missing short FAF lifetimes. In solvent, lutein and zeaxanthin show very short autofluorescence lifetimes (∼50-60 ps; SSC), as do their respective binding proteins (∼40-50 ps; SSC). When combining carotenoids with their specific binding proteins, the decay times shift to longer means (∼70-90 ps; SSC).. This study expands upon previous findings of an impact of MP on short FAF lifetimes by describing ex vivo autofluorescence lifetimes of carotenoids and different in vivo autofluorescence patterns that can be associated with certain diseases.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Albinism, Ocular; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Lutein; Macular Pigment; Male; Middle Aged; Ophthalmoscopy; Optical Imaging; Retina; Retinal Perforations; Retinal Telangiectasis; Retinitis Pigmentosa; Young Adult; Zeaxanthins

Lutein, RR-zeaxanthin, and RS-zeaxanthin (L-Z) are antioxidants which can reduce endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and oxidative stress (OS), and ameliorate neurodegenerative diseases. However, their treatment effect in the. L-Z (Lutemax 2020, 10 mg/kg) diluted in sunflower oil (SFO, 1 mg/ml) or the same volume of SFO was administrated via gavage from postnatal day 6 (P6) to P20 daily in L-Z group (n=5) or SFO group (n=6) of. The ERG amplitudes were larger in the L-Z group than those of the SFO group in all flash luminances of dark-adapted and light-adapted ERG (all. L-Z provide protection to the photoreceptors of

Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; Eye Proteins; Female; Lutein; Male; Mice; Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate; Retinitis Pigmentosa; Stereoisomerism; Zeaxanthins

To determine whether macular pigment optical density (MPOD) is related to serum lutein or serum zeaxanthin in patients with retinitis pigmentosa.. The authors measured MPOD with heterochromatic flicker photometry, serum lutein and serum zeaxanthin by high performance liquid chromatography, and central foveal retinal thickness by optical coherence tomography (OCT) in 176 patients (age range, 18-68 years) with typical forms of retinitis pigmentosa; 37 (21%) of these patients had cystoid macular edema (CME) by OCT. The authors performed multiple regression analysis with MPOD as the dependent variable and with log(e) serum lutein and log(e) serum zeaxanthin as independent variables adjusting for age, sex, iris color, central foveal retinal thickness, and, in some analyses, serum total cholesterol.. MPOD increased with increasing serum lutein (P = 0.0017) and decreased with increasing serum total cholesterol (P = 0.0025) but was unrelated to serum zeaxanthin. MPOD was higher in patients with brown irides than in patients with lighter irides (P = 0.014) and was nonmonotonically related to central foveal retinal thickness (P < 0.0001), being lower in eyes with more photoreceptor cell loss and in eyes with moderate to marked CME.. MPOD is independently related to serum lutein, serum total cholesterol, iris color, and central foveal retinal thickness in patients with retinitis pigmentosa.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Distribution; Aged; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Eye Color; Female; Humans; Lutein; Macula Lutea; Macular Edema; Male; Middle Aged; Photometry; Retina; Retinal Pigments; Retinitis Pigmentosa; Sex Distribution; Tomography, Optical Coherence; Visual Acuity; Visual Fields; Xanthophylls; Zeaxanthins

Topics: beta Carotene; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cataract; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Lutein; Macular Degeneration; Radiodermatitis; Retinitis Pigmentosa; Xanthophylls; Zeaxanthins

It has been hypothesized that the macular carotenoid pigments lutein and zeaxanthin may protect against macular and retinal degenerations and dystrophies.. To test this hypothesis by objectively measuring lutein and zeaxanthin levels in a noninvasive manner in patients who have retinitis pigmentosa (RP), choroideremia (CHM), and Stargardt macular dystrophy and comparing them with an age-matched healthy control population.. Using resonance Raman spectroscopy, a novel objective noninvasive laser-optical technique, we measured macular carotenoid levels in 30 patients (54 eyes) who have RP, CHM, and Stargardt macular dystrophy and compared them with 76 age-matched subjects (129 eyes) who did not have macular pathologic conditions in a case-control study.. As a group, patients with RP and CHM had the same macular carotenoid levels as age-matched healthy control subjects (P =.76, 2-way analysis of variance). Patients with Stargardt macular dystrophy tended to have levels of macular carotenoid pigments that, on average, were about 50% lower than healthy controls (P =.02,unpaired 2-tailed t test).. The patients with RP and CHM had normal levels of macular carotenoids, suggesting that nutritional supplementation with macular carotenoids such as lutein, zeaxanthin, or both will be unlikely to affect the clinical course of RP and CHM. Although the number of patients with Stargardt macular dystrophy examined was limited, their macular carotenoid levels were usually lower than those of subjects of a similar age with no macular pathologic condition.

Topics: Adult; beta Carotene; Choroideremia; Female; Humans; Lutein; Macular Degeneration; Male; Middle Aged; Retinal Pigments; Retinitis Pigmentosa; Spectrum Analysis, Raman; Xanthophylls; Zeaxanthins