zearalenone and Diarrhea

Overstimulation of CFTR-mediated Cl

Topics: Animals; Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator; Diarrhea; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fusarium; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Molecular Docking Simulation; Protein Structure, Secondary; Zearalenone

High-moisture corn was treated with a propionic acid preservative and stored in a 40,000 bushel steel bin. This corn heated and spoiled in storage and subsequently was retreated with the preservative. The out-of-condition corn was used as an ingredient in the ration for a dairy herd of cows and replacement heifers. The finished feed was cultured for fungi and assayed for mycotoxins. Results were 750,000 Fusarium spp colonies/g of feed, and 1.5 mg zearaleonone and 1.0 mg deoxynivalenol/kg of feed. Frequent episodes of behavioral estrus of 2 to 5 d duration, that were not synchronized with the ovarian cycle, were observed. Cows in the second and third trimester of pregnancy also has episodes of behavioral estrus. Idiopathic vaginitis was diagnosed. Mammary development occurred in the prepubertal heifers. Cows bred in true estrus were found in true estrus 35 to 55 d later. All of the heifers with precocious mammary development were subsequently culled from the herd because of sterility.

Topics: Animal Feed; Animals; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Diarrhea; Female; Fusarium; Mycoses; Pregnancy; Preservation, Biological; Propionates; Resorcinols; Vaginitis; Zea mays; Zearalenone

During the 1981 corn harvest season in Illinois and surrounding states, cold wet weather enhanced the growth of Fusarium graminearum, with resulting contamination by vomitoxin and, to a lesser extent, zearalenone. Of 342 feed samples analyzed, 274 contained vomitoxin at a concentration ranging from 0.1 to 41.6 ppm (mean, 3.1 ppm) and 40 samples contained zearalenone at a concentration ranging from 0.1 to 8 ppm (mean, 0.66 ppm). Animal health problems and reduced growth performance were observed mainly in swine fed vomitoxin-contaminated rations. The predominant clinical complaints, in decreasing frequency were: reproductive problems (50%), feed refusal (43%), reduced weight gain (25%), diarrhea (17%), death (14%), and emesis (11%).

Topics: Animal Feed; Animals; Body Weight; Diarrhea; Edible Grain; Feeding Behavior; Female; Food Contamination; Gastroenteritis; Illinois; Indiana; Iowa; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Sesquiterpenes; Swine; Swine Diseases; Trichothecenes; Weather; Zearalenone