xylazine has been researched along with Ache in 35 studies
Xylazine: An adrenergic alpha-2 agonist used as a sedative, analgesic and centrally acting muscle relaxant in VETERINARY MEDICINE.
xylazine : A methyl benzene that is 1,3-dimethylbenzene which is substituted by a 5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-thiazin-2-ylnitrilo group at position 2. It is an alpha2 adrenergic receptor agonist and frequently used in veterinary medicine as an emetic and sedative with analgesic and muscle relaxant properties.
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "A comparison of the analgesic potency of the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist, xylazine, in control healthy sheep and sheep suffering chronic pain from footrot, indicated that the analgesic effectiveness of xylazine was significantly reduced in the animals experiencing chronic pain." | 7.68 | The influence of chronic pain on the analgesic effects of the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist, xylazine, in sheep. ( Ley, S; Livingston, A; Waterman, A, 1991) |
| "A comparison of the analgesic potency of the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist, xylazine, in control healthy sheep and sheep suffering chronic pain from footrot, indicated that the analgesic effectiveness of xylazine was significantly reduced in the animals experiencing chronic pain." | 3.68 | The influence of chronic pain on the analgesic effects of the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist, xylazine, in sheep. ( Ley, S; Livingston, A; Waterman, A, 1991) |
| "of xylazine was injected IA, and blood samples were taken to assess drug systemic absorption." | 2.79 | A pharmacokinetic/clinical approach to postulate a local action of intra-articular xylazine administration in the horse: a preliminary study. ( Bazzica, C; Cagnardi, P; Della Rocca, G; Di Salvo, A; Giontella, A; Nannarone, S, 2014) |
| "To evaluate antinociceptive and selected effects associated with IM administration of xylazine hydrochloride in combination with tiletamine-zolazepam in llamas." | 2.78 | Physiologic and antinociceptive effects following intramuscular administration of xylazine hydrochloride in combination with tiletamine-zolazepam in llamas. ( Doherty, TJ; Egger, CM; Elliot, SB; Seddighi, R; Whitlock, BK, 2013) |
| "Xylazine-treated groups had higher cortisol than saline-treated animals and showed no differences among them at any time." | 1.36 | Effect of hot-iron disbudding on behaviour and plasma cortisol of calves sedated with xylazine. ( Broom, DM; Carolino, N; Carvalho, RC; Lima, MS; Stilwell, G, 2010) |
| "Xylazine is an alpha(2)-adrenoceptor agonist extensively used in veterinary and animal experimentation." | 1.35 | Probable involvement of alpha(2C)-adrenoceptor subtype and endogenous opioid peptides in the peripheral antinociceptive effect induced by xylazine. ( de Castro Perez, A; de Francischi, JN; Gama Duarte, ID; Romero, TR, 2009) |
| "Xylazine was administered 20 minutes after EA was performed." | 1.35 | Physiologic effects of electroacupuncture combined with intramuscular administration of xylazine to provide analgesia in goats. ( Chen, JG; Chen, X; Ding, MX; Ding, Y; Hu, CM; Liu, DM; Zhou, ZY, 2009) |
| "Decreased pain was correlated with increased motor activity for morphine and amphetamine, and with decreased activity for xylazine and acepromazine; dipyrone and indomethacin did not alter activity levels." | 1.31 | The formalin test in the mouse: a parametric analysis of scoring properties. ( Abbott, FV; Saddi, GM, 2000) |
| " Intramuscular xylazine appears to be an effective analgesic agent for acute pain in the sheep and further investigation into ideal administration regimens and dosage may provide more detailed information on relationships between dose, analgesic and sedative effects." | 1.29 | Efficacy of intra-muscular analgesics for acute pain in sheep. ( Grant, C; Kuchel, TR; Upton, RN, 1996) |
| "Xylazine and morphine were included in the studies for comparison." | 1.27 | Antinociceptive activity and mechanism of action of detomidine. ( Virtanen, R, 1986) |
| "Colic was produced by inflating a balloon in the horses' cecum." | 1.27 | Visceral analgesia: effects of xylazine, butorphanol, meperidine, and pentazocine in horses. ( Muir, WW; Robertson, JT, 1985) |
| "Xylazine was significantly more effective in obtunding deep pain (P less than 0." | 1.26 | Objective tests of analgesic drugs in ponies. ( Lumb, WV; Pippi, NL, 1979) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 5 (14.29) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 7 (20.00) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 8 (22.86) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 12 (34.29) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 3 (8.57) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Reedman, CN | 1 |
| Duffield, TF | 1 |
| DeVries, TJ | 1 |
| Lissemore, KD | 1 |
| Winder, CB | 1 |
| Sato, A | 1 |
| Sugiura, T | 1 |
| Kosenda, K | 1 |
| Murakami, T | 1 |
| Floriano, D | 1 |
| Gorenberg, E | 1 |
| Watkins, A | 1 |
| Hopster, K | 1 |
| Oguntoye, CO | 1 |
| Oyewande, OA | 1 |
| Afolabi, OO | 1 |
| Samimi, AS | 1 |
| Sakhaee, E | 1 |
| Iranmanesh, F | 1 |
| Romero, TR | 2 |
| Pacheco, Dda F | 1 |
| Duarte, ID | 1 |
| Seddighi, R | 2 |
| Elliot, SB | 2 |
| Whitlock, BK | 2 |
| Egger, CM | 2 |
| Doherty, TJ | 2 |
| Di Salvo, A | 1 |
| Della Rocca, G | 1 |
| Bazzica, C | 1 |
| Giontella, A | 1 |
| Cagnardi, P | 1 |
| Nannarone, S | 1 |
| Lizarraga, I | 2 |
| Castillo-Alcala, F | 1 |
| Vasseur, E | 1 |
| Rushen, J | 1 |
| de Passillé, AM | 1 |
| Bates, AJ | 1 |
| Eder, P | 1 |
| Laven, RA | 1 |
| Singh, V | 1 |
| Kinjavdekar, P | 1 |
| Aithal, HP | 1 |
| de Castro Perez, A | 1 |
| de Francischi, JN | 1 |
| Gama Duarte, ID | 1 |
| Gehring, R | 2 |
| Coetzee, JF | 2 |
| Tarus-Sang, J | 2 |
| Apley, MD | 1 |
| Rohrbach, H | 1 |
| Korpivaara, T | 1 |
| Schatzmann, U | 1 |
| Spadavecchia, C | 1 |
| Stilwell, G | 1 |
| Carvalho, RC | 1 |
| Carolino, N | 1 |
| Lima, MS | 1 |
| Broom, DM | 1 |
| Liu, DM | 1 |
| Zhou, ZY | 1 |
| Ding, Y | 1 |
| Chen, JG | 1 |
| Hu, CM | 1 |
| Chen, X | 1 |
| Ding, MX | 1 |
| Anderson, DE | 1 |
| Beths, T | 1 |
| Magdalena, CM | 1 |
| Navarro, VP | 1 |
| Park, DM | 1 |
| Stuani, MB | 1 |
| Rocha, MJ | 1 |
| Bertollo, CM | 1 |
| Oliveira, AC | 1 |
| Rocha, LT | 1 |
| Costa, KA | 1 |
| Nascimento, EB | 1 |
| Coelho, MM | 1 |
| Freire, AC | 1 |
| Leonhardt, JH | 1 |
| Skarda, RT | 2 |
| Muir, WW | 3 |
| Grant, C | 1 |
| Upton, RN | 1 |
| Kuchel, TR | 1 |
| Abbott, FV | 2 |
| Bonder, M | 1 |
| Grondahl-Nielsen, C | 1 |
| Simonsen, HB | 1 |
| Lund, JD | 1 |
| Hesselholt, M | 1 |
| Saddi, GM | 1 |
| Pippi, NL | 1 |
| Lumb, WV | 1 |
| Bennett, GJ | 1 |
| Ochoa, JL | 1 |
| Ley, S | 1 |
| Waterman, A | 1 |
| Livingston, A | 1 |
| Wixson, SK | 1 |
| White, WJ | 1 |
| Hughes, HC | 1 |
| Marshall, WK | 1 |
| Lang, CM | 1 |
| Virtanen, R | 1 |
| Robertson, JT | 1 |
1 review available for xylazine and Ache
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Graduate Student Literature Review: Role of pain mitigation on the welfare of dairy calves undergoing disbudding.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Cattle; Horns; Humans; Pain; S | 2022 |
12 trials available for xylazine and Ache
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
The dilutional volume of morphine and xylazine administered via caudal epidural catheter affects cranial spread of analgesia in healthy standing horses.
Topics: Analgesia, Epidural; Analgesics; Animals; Catheters; Female; Horses; Humans; Male; Morphine; Pain; P | 2023 |
Evaluation of sedative, analgesic, physiological, and laboratory effects of two doses off medetomidine and xylazine in dromedary calves.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Camelus; Conscious Sedation; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Medetomidine; Pain; | 2019 |
Physiologic and antinociceptive effects following intramuscular administration of xylazine hydrochloride in combination with tiletamine-zolazepam in llamas.
Topics: Animals; Camelids, New World; Cross-Over Studies; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Combination | 2013 |
Antinociceptive and selected physiological effects of morphine and xylazine on tiletamine-zolazepam anesthesia in llamas.
Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Animals; Blood Pressure; Camelids, New World; Carbon Dioxide; Cross-Over St | 2014 |
A pharmacokinetic/clinical approach to postulate a local action of intra-articular xylazine administration in the horse: a preliminary study.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Arthroscopy; Horse Diseases; Horses; Injections, Intra-Articular; Joint Disease | 2014 |
Sedative and mechanical hypoalgesic effects of butorphanol in xylazine-premedicated donkeys.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Butorphanol; Cross-Over Studies; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug | 2015 |
Effect of analgesia and anti-inflammatory treatment on weight gain and milk intake of dairy calves after disbudding.
Topics: Analgesia; Anesthetics, Local; Animal Husbandry; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; C | 2015 |
Effect of bupivacaine on epidural analgesia produced by xylazine or medetomidine in buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis).
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Buffaloes; Bupivacaine; Drug Interactions; Drug Therapy, Combination; Injection | 2009 |
Comparison of the effects of the alpha-2 agonists detomidine, romifidine and xylazine on nociceptive withdrawal reflex and temporal summation in horses.
Topics: Animals; Cross-Over Studies; Female; Forelimb; Hindlimb; Horses; Imidazoles; Male; Pain; Reflex; Tim | 2009 |
A comparative study of xylazine-induced mechanical hypoalgesia in donkeys and horses.
Topics: Acepromazine; Analgesics; Animals; Area Under Curve; Cross-Over Studies; Dose-Response Relationship, | 2012 |
Analgesic, hemodynamic, and respiratory effects of caudal epidurally administered xylazine hydrochloride solution in mares.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Anesthetics; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Pressure; Body Temperature; Ca | 1996 |
Options for management of acute pain in the rat.
Topics: Acepromazine; Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Analgesics; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; B | 1997 |
22 other studies available for xylazine and Ache
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Preoperative protocol for right flank laparotomy affects postoperative serum cortisol concentrations in dairy cows.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Female; Hydrocortisone; Laparotomy; Lidocaine; Pain; Xylazine | 2023 |
Evaluation of Tramadol-Midazolam-Ketamine Anaesthesia in Rabbits.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Body Temperature; Heart Rate; Ketamine; Midazolam; Pain; Rabbits; Tramadol; Xy | 2018 |
Xylazine induced central antinociception mediated by endogenous opioids and μ-opioid receptor, but not δ-or κ-opioid receptors.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Animals; Male; Mice; Opioid Peptides; Pain; Pain Threshold; Re | 2013 |
Short communication: calf body temperature following chemical disbudding with sedation: effects of milk allowance and supplemental heat.
Topics: Animal Husbandry; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Body Temperature; Cattle; Dairying; Female; Horns; Hot | 2014 |
Probable involvement of alpha(2C)-adrenoceptor subtype and endogenous opioid peptides in the peripheral antinociceptive effect induced by xylazine.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists; Analgesics; Animals; | 2009 |
Pharmacokinetics of ketamine and its metabolite norketamine administered at a sub-anesthetic dose together with xylazine to calves prior to castration.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Cattle; Chro | 2009 |
Effect of hot-iron disbudding on behaviour and plasma cortisol of calves sedated with xylazine.
Topics: Animal Husbandry; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cattle; Conscious Sedation; Dairying; Female; Horns; Hy | 2010 |
Physiologic effects of electroacupuncture combined with intramuscular administration of xylazine to provide analgesia in goats.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analgesics; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroacupuncture | 2009 |
Effect of sub-anesthetic xylazine and ketamine ('ketamine stun') administered to calves immediately prior to castration.
Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Cattle; Dose-Response Relationship, Dru | 2010 |
C-fos expression in rat brain nuclei following incisor tooth movement.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Brain; Genes, fos; Incisor; Ketamine; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Models, Animal; Ne | 2004 |
Characterization of the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of riboflavin in different experimental models.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Behavior, Animal; Body Temperature; Carrageenan; Dose | 2006 |
Further studies on the xylazine-yohimbine interaction.
Topics: Abdomen; Acetates; Acetic Acid; Animals; Kinetics; Male; Mice; Muscle Cramp; Pain; Receptors, Adrene | 1984 |
Efficacy of intra-muscular analgesics for acute pain in sheep.
Topics: Acute Disease; Analgesics; Animals; Female; Injections, Intramuscular; Male; Pain; Sheep; Sheep Dise | 1996 |
Comparison of antinociceptive, cardiovascular, and respiratory effects, head ptosis, and position of pelvic limbs in mares after caudal epidural administration of xylazine and detomidine hydrochloride solution.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analgesia, Epidural; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cardiac Output; Female; Hea | 1996 |
Behavioural, endocrine and cardiac responses in young calves undergoing dehorning without and with use of sedation and analgesia.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Butorphanol; Cattle; Ele | 1999 |
The formalin test in the mouse: a parametric analysis of scoring properties.
Topics: Acepromazine; Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Amphetamine; Analgesics, Opioid; Ani | 2000 |
Objective tests of analgesic drugs in ponies.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Fentanyl; Horse Diseases; Horses; Male; Meperid | 1979 |
Thermographic observations on rats with experimental neuropathic pain.
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Cold Temperature; Male; Nervous System; Pain; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; | 1991 |
The influence of chronic pain on the analgesic effects of the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist, xylazine, in sheep.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Chronic Disease; Female; Foot Rot; Pain; Pain Measurement; Sensory Thresholds; S | 1991 |
The effects of pentobarbital, fentanyl-droperidol, ketamine-xylazine and ketamine-diazepam on noxious stimulus perception in adult male rats.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Diazepam; Droperidol; Drug Combinations; Fentanyl; Ketamine; Male; | 1987 |
Antinociceptive activity and mechanism of action of detomidine.
Topics: Acetates; Acetic Acid; Analgesics; Animals; Female; Imidazoles; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphine | 1986 |
Visceral analgesia: effects of xylazine, butorphanol, meperidine, and pentazocine in horses.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Butorphanol; Colic; Female; Heart; Horse Diseases; Horses; Mal | 1985 |