xenon-129-atom and Emphysema

To investigate the utility of hyperpolarized xenon-129 (HPX) gas-exchange magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and modeling in a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) cohort in comparison to a minimal CT-diagnosed emphysema (MCTE) cohort and a healthy cohort.. A total of 25 subjects were involved in this study including COPD (n = 8), MCTE (n = 3), and healthy (n = 14) subjects. The COPD subjects were scanned using HPX ventilation, gas-exchange MRI, and volumetric CT. The healthy subjects were scanned using the same HPX gas-exchange MRI protocol with 9 of them scanned twice, 3 weeks apart. The coefficient of variation (CV) was used to quantify image heterogeneities. A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model of gas exchange was used to derive functional volumes of pulmonary tissue, capillaries, and veins.. The CVs of gas distributions in the images showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the COPD and healthy subjects (p < 0.0001). The functional volumes of pulmonary tissue, capillaries, and veins were significantly lower in the subjects with COPD than in the healthy subjects (p < 0.001). The functional volume of pulmonary tissue was found to be (i) statistically different between the healthy and MCTE groups (p = 0.02) and (ii) dependent on the age of the subjects in the healthy group (p = 0.0008) while their CVs (p = 0.13) were not.. The novel HPX gas-exchange MRI and CFD model distinguished the healthy cohort from the MCTE and COPD cohorts. The proposed technique also showed that the functional volume of pulmonary tissue decreases with aging in the healthy group.. • The ventilation and gas-exchange imaging with hyperpolarized xenon-129 MRI has enabled the identification of gas-exchange variation between COPD and healthy groups. • This novel technique was promising to be sensitive to minimal CT-diagnosed emphysema and age-related changes in gas-exchange parameter in a small pilot cohort.

Topics: Emphysema; Humans; Lung; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Pulmonary Emphysema; Xenon

Topics: Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Emphysema; Helium; Humans; Lung; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Respiratory Function Tests; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Xenon Isotopes

To demonstrate the feasibility to quantify the lung respiratory airway in vivo with hyperpolarized xenon diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which is able to detect mild emphysema in the rat model.. The lung respiratory airways were quantified in vivo using hyperpolarized xenon diffusion MRI (7T) with eight b values (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 s/cm. The lung respiratory airways can be quantified by hyperpolarized xenon diffusion MRI, showing the potential for mild emphysema diagnosis. Also, the study suggested that the hyperpolarized xenon D. 1 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2017;45:879-888.

Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Animals; Bronchi; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Emphysema; Feasibility Studies; Lung; Male; Radiopharmaceuticals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Respiratory Function Tests; Severity of Illness Index; Trachea; Xenon Isotopes