warfarin and Hyperplasia

Topics: Aged; Anticoagulants; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Hyperplasia; Male; Polyps; Stomach Diseases; Warfarin

During the period 1991-2007, autopsy was undertaken in 13 fetuses with warfarin embryopathy. Pregnancy data and radiographic babygrams were available in each instance. Gestational age ranged from 17 to 37 weeks. Eleven of the fetuses had the characteristic nasal hypoplasia, but only three had radiological epiphyseal stippling. Cerebral hemorrhage was a major feature of autopsy in 8 of the fetuses, and it is evident that bleeding is a significant factor in the pathogenesis of warfarin embryopathy. A wide variety of additional visceral manifestations which were observed at autopsy have been tabulated. There was no obvious correlation between maternal or gestational age and the presence and severity of any specific embryopathic feature. No information was available concerning the dose and timing of warfarin administration in this series.

Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Adolescent; Adult; Anticoagulants; Autopsy; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Chondrodysplasia Punctata; Female; Fetal Development; Heart Valve Diseases; Humans; Hyperplasia; Nose; Pregnancy; Retrospective Studies; Warfarin; Young Adult

The anticoagulants dicumarol, warfarin and diphenadione, are in vitro inhibitors of the enzyme reduced NAD(P)H dehydrogenase of rat liver. These chemicals were administered by intragastric gavage to determine whether the same inhibitory effects could be observed in Sprague-Dawley male rats. Doses of 2 and 10 mg/100 g body weight were used. Our results indicate that only dicumarol inhibited the enzyme, whereas warfarin did not produce a significant effect, and diphenadione at large doses produced an increase in the activity of the enzyme. Dicumarol was further tested to see if it would alter the activity of the enzyme in hyperplastic nodules and liver hepatomas. A similar inhibitory effect was found. The three strains of rats tested in this work have different levels of reduced NAD(P)H dehydrogenase activity. Thus, our results indicate that dicumarol is the only anticoagulant that inhibits in vivo the reduced NAD(P)H dehydrogenase of rat liver and liver neoplasms.

Topics: Animals; Anticoagulants; Dicumarol; Hyperplasia; Kinetics; Liver; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental; Male; NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone); NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; Phenindione; Precancerous Conditions; Quinone Reductases; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Rats, Inbred Strains; Warfarin

Topics: Adult; Blood Platelet Disorders; Busulfan; Female; Hemorrhage; Humans; Hyperplasia; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Megakaryocytes; Thrombocytosis; Vision Disorders; Warfarin