vitamin-k-semiquinone-radical and Vitamin-A-Deficiency

Several authors have reported the relationship between gastric cancer risk and vitamins. However, there are few reports on fat-soluble vitamins after gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Fat malabsorption and suppression of food intake after gastrectomy for gastric cancer have been previously documented. Because of fat malabsorption and suppression of food intake, a potential deficiency in fat-soluble vitamins, such as vitamins A, D, E, and K, has been readily suggested. In about 20 % of patients, the serum vitamin E levels were decreased. Indeed, vitamin E deficiency is a common complication after gastrectomy. Continuous vitamin E deficiency could develop from neurological symptoms, i.e., peripheral neuropathy, limb or truncal ataxia. The total cholesterol level is associated with the vitamin E levels. However, the serum vitamin A levels were decreased in only 1.8 % of patients. In total gastrectomy cases, the serum vitamin A level may readily decrease. In contrast, 1,25(OH)

Topics: Gastrectomy; Humans; Postoperative Complications; Stomach Neoplasms; Vitamin A; Vitamin A Deficiency; Vitamin D; Vitamin E; Vitamin E Deficiency; Vitamin K

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Avitaminosis; Breast Feeding; Child, Preschool; Cystic Fibrosis; Female; Humans; Hypervitaminosis A; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Rickets; Vitamin A; Vitamin A Deficiency; Vitamin B Complex; Vitamin D; Vitamin E; Vitamin K; Vitamins

Osteoporosis is a serious public health concern. Skeletal fragility, leading to spine and hip fractures, is a major source of morbidity and mortality. Adequate calcium intake from childhood to the end of life is critical for the formation and retention of a healthy skeleton. It is important to prevent bone loss from occurring, to identify potential risk factors, and to correct them. Many genetic and lifestyle factors influence the risk for osteoporosis. Among these, diet is believed to be one of the most important, especially the roles of calcium and vitamin D. Deficiency in other dietary factors--eg, protein, vitamin K, vitamin A, phytoestrogens, and other nutrients--might also contribute to the risk for osteoporosis. In this article, the roles of diet and nutritional supplementation in preventing and treating osteoporosis are reviewed.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Bone and Bones; Calcium, Dietary; Child; Child, Preschool; Diet; Dietary Supplements; Estrogens, Non-Steroidal; Female; Fractures, Bone; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Isoflavones; Life Style; Male; Middle Aged; Nutritional Requirements; Nutritional Status; Osteoporosis; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal; Phytoestrogens; Plant Preparations; Quality of Life; Risk Factors; United States; Vitamin A; Vitamin A Deficiency; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency; Vitamin K; Vitamin K Deficiency

A substantial effort has been made over the past decade to characterize the metabolism of the fat-soluble vitamins in chronic cholestasis to both improve the clinical care of affected patients and to understand the pathophysiology of the vitamin deficiency states. Cholestatic liver disease is a unique cause of fat malabsorption in which standard indices to evaluate vitamin status may be inaccurate. Thus, specific approaches to define vitamin status are being developed. Using the treatment modalities outlined in this review, fat-soluble vitamin deficiency should be a manageable problem and not lead to significant morbidity in patients with chronic cholestasis. The most subtle consequences of deficiency of each vitamin remains to be discovered.

Topics: Child; Cholestasis, Intrahepatic; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Vitamin A; Vitamin A Deficiency; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency; Vitamin E; Vitamin E Deficiency; Vitamin K; Vitamin K Deficiency; Vitamins

Topics: Calcium; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Iron; Minerals; Neural Tube Defects; Nutritional Requirements; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Vitamin A Deficiency; Vitamin B Deficiency; Vitamin K; Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding; Vitamins; Zinc

Topics: Avitaminosis; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Humans; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Nutritional Requirements; Vitamin A; Vitamin A Deficiency; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency; Vitamin E; Vitamin E Deficiency; Vitamin K; Vitamin K Deficiency; Vitamins

Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Antibody Formation; Antigen-Antibody Reactions; Ascorbic Acid; Flavonoids; Folic Acid; Humans; Niacinamide; Pantothenic Acid; Pyridoxine; Riboflavin; T-Lymphocytes; Thiamine; Vitamin A; Vitamin A Deficiency; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin D; Vitamin E; Vitamin K; Vitamins

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Child, Preschool; Deficiency Diseases; Female; Fever; Folic Acid; Humans; Infant; Infant Food; Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Infant, Newborn; Infections; Kinetics; Male; Milk, Human; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Nutritional Requirements; Pyridoxine; Thiamine; Vitamin A; Vitamin A Deficiency; Vitamin D; Vitamin E; Vitamin K; Vitamins

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Lactation; Lipids; Male; Nutritional Requirements; Pregnancy; Vitamin A; Vitamin A Deficiency; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency; Vitamin E; Vitamin E Deficiency; Vitamin K; Vitamin K Deficiency

Topics: Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Bacteria; Calcium; Chickens; Disaccharidases; Fatty Acids, Essential; Germ-Free Life; Guinea Pigs; Intestines; Iron; Rabbits; Rats; Vitamin A Deficiency; Vitamin B Complex; Vitamin K

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Drug Synergism; Eye Diseases; Fatty Acids, Essential; Flavonoids; Humans; Niacinamide; Pantothenic Acid; Pyridoxine; Riboflavin; Thiamine; Thiamine Pyrophosphate; Vitamin A; Vitamin A Deficiency; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency; Vitamin B Complex; Vitamin D; Vitamin E; Vitamin K; Vitamins

To investigate the relationship between peripheral blood micronutrient levels and 4 kinds of oral mucosal diseases (minor recurrent aphthous ulcer, angular cheilitis, cheilitis and geographic tongue) in children aged 0~14 years.. One hundred and fifty-two children with oral mucosal lesions (COML) and 65 healthy children (health control group, HC) were included. The clinical data of each group were recorded separately to compare whether there existed differences in the levels of serum water-soluble vitamins (vitamins B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9, B12, C), serum fat-soluble vitamins [vitamins A, E, K, 25(OH)D2, 25(OH)D3], zinc and serum calcium. Whether peripheral blood micronutrients were risk factors associated with the onset of COML was analyzed through disorder multiclass logistic regression with SPSS 23.0 software package.. Peripheral blood micronutrients differed in children with minor recurrent aphthous ulcers, cheilitis, and geographic tongue (P＜0.05). Compared with HC group, children in minor recurrent aphthous ulcer group had significantly lower levels of vitamin B1, B6, B7, C, A, and 25(OH)D3 (P＜0.05), and relatively higher rates of vitamin B6 (50.00% vs 13.85%), vitamin B7 (36.76% vs 9.23%), 25(OH)D3 (64.71% vs 36.92%) deficiency and vitamin K excess (8.82% vs 0.00%)(P＜0.005). Multiclass logistic regression analysis showed that vitamin B1, vitamin C, vitamin A deficiency, vitamin B5, and vitamin K excess were risk factors for incidence in children with minor recurrent aphthous ulcer, and each element was independent for each other. Compared with HC group, the levels of vitamin B7 and 25(OH)D3 in children with cheilitis were significantly lower(P＜0.05), and the rate of vitamin B7 deficiency was significantly higher (P＜0.005). Multiclass logistic regression analysis showed that vitamin B7 and vitamin A deficiency were risk factors for cheilitis in children, and the two were independent for each other. Compared with the HC group, vitamin K excess rate was significantly higher in children with geographic tongue (7.14% vs 0.00%) (P＜0.005). Multiclass logistic regression analysis showed that vitamin C deficiency and vitamin K excess were risk factors for the incidence of geographic tongue, and the two were independent for each other. Compared with other groups, peripheral blood micronutrients had no correlation with the pathogenesis of angular cheilitis (P＞0.05).. The occurrence of COML is closely related to peripheral blood micronutrient levels, which suggests that children with COML need to monitor vitamin and mineral levels and supplement treatment when necessary.

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Calcium; Cheilitis; Child; Glossitis, Benign Migratory; Humans; Micronutrients; Minerals; Pantothenic Acid; Stomatitis, Aphthous; Thiamine; Vitamin A Deficiency; Vitamin B 6; Vitamin K; Vitamins; Water; Zinc

Patients with intestinal fat malabsorption and urolithiasis are particularly at risk of acquiring fat-soluble vitamin deficiencies. The aim of the study was to evaluate the vitamin status and metabolic profile before and after the supplementation of fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E and K (ADEK) in 51 patients with fat malabsorption due to different intestinal diseases both with and without urolithiasis. Anthropometric, clinical, blood and 24-h urinary parameters and dietary intake were assessed at baseline and after ADEK supplementation for two weeks. At baseline, serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity was higher in stone formers (SF;

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Cholesterol; Dietary Supplements; Female; Humans; Malabsorption Syndromes; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Triglycerides; Urolithiasis; Vitamin A; Vitamin A Deficiency; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency; Vitamin E; Vitamin E Deficiency; Vitamin K; Vitamin K Deficiency; Vitamins

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Middle Aged; Recommended Dietary Allowances; Vitamin A; Vitamin A Deficiency; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency; Vitamin E; Vitamin E Deficiency; Vitamin K; Vitamin K Deficiency; Vitamins; Young Adult

Determine the prevalence of fat-soluble vitamin deficiency in children with cystic fibrosis (CF) aged ≤18 years in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, from 2007 to 2010.. A retrospective analysis of fat-soluble vitamin levels in children aged ≤18 years who lived in NSW and attended any of the three paediatric CF centres from 2007 to 2010. An audit of demographic and clinical data during the first vitamin level measurement of the study period was performed.. Deficiency of one or more fat-soluble vitamins was present in 240/530 children (45%) on their first vitamin level test in the study period. The prevalence of vitamins D and E deficiency fell from 22.11% in 2007 to 15.54% in 2010, and 20.22% to 13.89%, respectively. The prevalence of vitamin A deficiency increased from 11.17% to 13.13%. Low vitamin K was present in 29% in 2007, and prevalence of prolonged prothrombin time increased from 19.21% to 22.62%. Fat-soluble vitamin deficiency is present in 10%-35% of children with pancreatic insufficiency, but only a very small proportion of children who are pancreatic-sufficient.. This is one of few studies of fat-soluble vitamin deficiency in children with CF in Australia. Fat-soluble vitamin testing is essential to identify deficiency in pancreatic-insufficient children who may be non-compliant to supplementation or require a higher supplement dose, and pancreatic-sufficient children who may be progressing to insufficiency. Testing of vitamin K-dependent factors needs consideration. Further studies are needed to monitor rates of vitamin deficiency in the CF community.

Topics: Adolescent; Age Factors; Avitaminosis; Biomarkers; Child; Child, Preschool; Cystic Fibrosis; Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency; Female; Humans; Male; New South Wales; Prevalence; Prothrombin Time; Retrospective Studies; Solubility; Vitamin A; Vitamin A Deficiency; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency; Vitamin E; Vitamin E Deficiency; Vitamin K; Vitamin K Deficiency; Vitamins

Topics: Adult; Colectomy; Combined Modality Therapy; Humans; Intestinal Neoplasms; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Male; Night Blindness; Radiotherapy; Vitamin A; Vitamin A Deficiency; Vitamin D; Vitamin E; Vitamin K

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Colon; Ethanol; Glucuronidase; In Vitro Techniques; Liver; Lysosomes; Male; Membranes; Prothrombin Time; Rats; Sulfatases; Ultracentrifugation; Vitamin A; Vitamin A Deficiency; Vitamin E; Vitamin K

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Blood Glucose; Blood Proteins; Bone Diseases; Celiac Disease; Cholesterol; Esophageal Diseases; Fats; Feces; Female; Gastrectomy; Gastrointestinal Motility; Glucose Tolerance Test; Hemostasis; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Iodine; Jejunum; Malabsorption Syndromes; Male; Nitrogen; Radiography; Vitamin A Deficiency; Vitamin K; Water-Electrolyte Balance; Xylose

Topics: Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Humans; Hypercalcemia; Nephrocalcinosis; Urinary Calculi; Vitamin A; Vitamin A Deficiency; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency; Vitamin D; Vitamin K; Vitamins

Topics: Carbon Isotopes; Child; Humans; Infant; Infant Nutrition Disorders; Kwashiorkor; Proteins; Vitamin A; Vitamin A Deficiency; Vitamin E; Vitamin E Deficiency; Vitamin K; Vitamins

Topics: Avitaminosis; Deficiency Diseases; Humans; Vitamin A; Vitamin A Deficiency; Vitamin K; Vitamins