vitamin-k-semiquinone-radical and Infections

Isolated acquired factor VII (FVII) deficiency is a rare haemorrhagic disorder. We report what is currently known about the pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of acquired FVII deficiency.. We performed a literature search and included all articles published between 1980 and August 2015.. Acquired FVII deficiency has been reported in 42 patients. There are well-established clinical diseases associated with acquired FVII deficiency, most notably infections, malignancy and haematological stem cell transplantation. The exact pathogenesis of the diseases is still unknown, but different pathophysiological hypotheses have been suggested. The clinical manifestation of acquired FVII deficiency varies greatly in severity; asymptomatic course as well as severe life-threatening bleeding diathesis and fatal bleedings have been described.

Topics: Factor VII Deficiency; Factor VIIa; Female; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; Hemorrhage; Humans; Infections; Male; Neoplasms; Prognosis; Vitamin K

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Child, Preschool; Deficiency Diseases; Female; Fever; Folic Acid; Humans; Infant; Infant Food; Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Infant, Newborn; Infections; Kinetics; Male; Milk, Human; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Nutritional Requirements; Pyridoxine; Thiamine; Vitamin A; Vitamin A Deficiency; Vitamin D; Vitamin E; Vitamin K; Vitamins

Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Breast Feeding; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Female; Humans; Hypoprothrombinemias; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infections; Intestines; Lipids; Milk; Milk, Human; Nucleotides; Vitamin K

Factors associated with prolongation of the prothrombin time were analyzed in 94 patients with intra-abdominal sepsis. Patients were randomized prospectively to receive either the combination of tobramycin and clindamycin (TM/C) or moxalactam (MOX). This paper presents a retrospective review designed to compare the frequency of prolonged clotting times and to analyze predisposing factors. Prothrombin time (PT) prolongation occurred more frequently in patients given moxalactam (19 of 47 patients) than in patients given the combination of tobramycin and clindamycin (9 of 47 patients) (p less than 0.05). Prolongation of the partial thromboplastin time (PTT) occurred in all patients with a prolonged PT. Liver disease, upper gastrointestinal surgery, and use of cimetidine were more frequent in those patients with abnormal PT/PTT values (p less than 0.05). Two moxalactam-treated patients with subsequent PT/PTT prolongation had individual clotting factors assayed before moxalactam treatment and at the time of detection of the abnormal PT. The activity of clotting factors II, VII, VIII, IX, X, and XII was reduced during MOX therapy. Treatment with vitamin K reversed the abnormality. In view of underlying abnormalities and rapid response to parenteral vitamin K, the mechanism is probably an acute vitamin K deficiency superimposed upon chronic vitamin K deficiency. In patients with intra-abdominal infection, those treated with MOX are more likely to develop abnormal PT than those treated with TM/C. Since abnormal PT/PTT was common even in TM/C patients, supplemental vitamin K should be considered for all seriously ill, older patients with abdominal infections.

Topics: Abdomen; Adult; Aged; Blood Coagulation Disorders; Blood Coagulation Factors; Clindamycin; Drug Combinations; Female; Hemorrhage; Humans; Infections; Male; Middle Aged; Moxalactam; Partial Thromboplastin Time; Prospective Studies; Prothrombin Time; Random Allocation; Risk; Tobramycin; Vitamin K

Adverse drug events (ADE) occur frequently during treatment with vitamin K antagonists (AVK) and contribute to increase hemorrhagic risks.. A retrospective study was conducted over a period of 2 years. Patients treated with AVK and admitted to the emergency room of a tertiary care hospital in Beirut were included. The aim of the study was to identify ADE characterized by a high international normalized ratio (INR) and to determine the predictive factors responsible for these events. Statistical analysis was performed with the SPSS statistical package.. We included 148 patients. Sixty-seven patients (47.3%) with an INR above the therapeutic range were identified as cases. The control group consisted of 81 patients (54.7%) with an INR within the therapeutic range. Hemorrhagic complications were observed in 53.7% of cases versus 6.2% of controls (P < 0.0001). No significant difference was noticed between cases and controls regarding the indication and the dose of AVK. Patients aged over 75 years were more likely to present an INR above the therapeutic range (58.2%, P = 0.049). Recent infection was present in 40.3% of cases versus 6.2% of controls (P < 0.0001) and hypoalbuminemia in 37.3% of cases versus 6.1% of controls (P < 0.0001). Treatment with antibiotics, amiodarone, and anti-inflammatory drugs were also factors of imbalance (P < 0.0001).. Many factors may be associated with ADE related to AVK. Monitoring of INR and its stabilization in the therapeutic range are important for preventing these events.

Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Amiodarone; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anticoagulants; Case-Control Studies; Creatinine; Dizziness; Drug Interactions; Emergency Service, Hospital; Fatigue; Hemoglobins; Hemorrhage; Humans; Hypoalbuminemia; Infections; International Normalized Ratio; Multivariate Analysis; Pallor; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Retrospective Studies; Syncope; Vitamin K

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anticoagulants; Coronary Disease; Diabetes Complications; Facial Paralysis; Hematoma; Humans; Infections; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Diseases; Palate; Parotid Gland; Phenindione; Salivary Gland Diseases; Vitamin K

Topics: Ammonia; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Blood; Diuretics; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Hemorrhage; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; Infections; Physiology; Shock, Hemorrhagic; Vitamin K; Vitamins

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chlortetracycline; Infections; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; Tetracycline; Vitamin A; Vitamin K; Vitamins

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Dermatologic Agents; Humans; Infections; Vitamin A; Vitamin K; Vitamins

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Humans; Infections; Nutritional Status; Vitamin A; Vitamin K; Vitamins

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Humans; Infections; Vitamin A; Vitamin K; Vitamins

Topics: Biochemical Phenomena; Cholestanes; Humans; Infections; Lipid Metabolism; Vitamin A; Vitamin D; Vitamin K; Vitamins

Topics: Hormones; Humans; Infections; Nutrition Disorders; Nutritional Status; Vitamin A; Vitamin K; Vitamins