vitamin-k-semiquinone-radical and Fractures--Ununited

Active assessment and management of hypovitaminosis D among orthopedic patients is low-risk and low-cost while retaining significant potential to improve patient care. Vitamin D has an established role in musculoskeletal development and calcium homeostasis, and vitamin D deficiency is pervasive in orthopedic trauma populations. Clinical guidelines for screening and supplementation for hypovitaminosis D are lacking. Literature on the effects of vitamin K on bone health is limited. Anabolic hormone analogues may have a future role in delayed union or nonunion treatment. Vitamin D deficiency and other endocrine abnormalities should be considered in orthopedic trauma patients presenting with fracture nonunion of uncertain cause.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Anabolic Agents; Antifibrinolytic Agents; Bone Density Conservation Agents; Calcium; Diagnostic Screening Programs; Female; Fractures, Ununited; Homeostasis; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Musculoskeletal System; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Treatment Outcome; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency; Vitamin K