vitamin-k-semiquinone-radical and Colitis

Recent studies have shown that inflammatory diseases are becoming more frequent throughout the world. The causes of these disorders are multifactorial and include genetic, immunological, and environmental factors, and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis. The use of beneficial microorganisms has shown to be useful in the prevention and treatment of disorders such as colitis, mucositis, and even colon cancer by their immune-stimulating properties. It has also been shown that certain vitamins, especially riboflavin and folate derivatives, have proven to be helpful in the treatment of these diseases. The application of vitamin-producing lactic acid bacteria, especially strains that produce folate and riboflavin together with immune-stimulating strains, could be used as adjunct treatments in patients suffering from a wide range of inflammatory diseases since they could improve treatment efficiency and prevent undesirable side effects in addition to their nutrition values. In this review, the most up to date information on the current knowledge and uses of vitamin-producing lactic acid bacteria is discussed in order to stimulate further studies in this field.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Clinical Trials as Topic; Colitis; Folic Acid; Humans; Inflammation; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Lactobacillales; Probiotics; Riboflavin; Vitamin K; Vitamins

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that is difficult to treat. However, previous preclinical and clinical studies have shown that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a promising therapeutic approach, whereas the exact underlying molecular mechanisms of MSCs in treating CD remain unclear. Furthermore, the heterogeneity of MSCs, as well as the in vivo microenvironments may influence the therapeutic efficacy. In our previous study, we found that a subpopulation of mouse MSCs with a high expression of matrix Gla protein (MGP), one of the members of vitamin K-dependent protein family, possessed better immunoregulatory properties. Therefore, in this study we investigate whether the abundant MSCs-derived MGP participate in the therapeutic mechanisms for MSCs treating CD. Obvious suppression of cell proliferation and cytokine production in T cells were observed in vitro through MSCs-derived MGP. Moreover, MGP alleviated the clinical and histopathological severity of colonic inflammation in mouse experimental colitis models to a remarkable degree. Our results indicate that MGP might be a novel important mediator of MSCs-mediated immunomodulation in treating CD.

Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Bone Marrow Cells; Calcium-Binding Proteins; Cell Differentiation; Cell Proliferation; Colitis; Cytokines; Extracellular Matrix Proteins; Immunomodulation; Inflammation Mediators; Lymphocyte Activation; Matrix Gla Protein; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Peritoneal Lavage; Protein Processing, Post-Translational; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory; Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid; Vitamin K

Topics: Amphotericin B; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Candidiasis; Colitis; Colitis, Ulcerative; Dermatologic Agents; Humans; Prednisolone; Vitamin K

Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Capillary Permeability; Colitis; Colitis, Ulcerative; Cortisone; Follow-Up Studies; Vitamin A; Vitamin K; Vitamins

Topics: Antifibrinolytic Agents; Colitis; Colitis, Ulcerative; Humans; Naphthoquinones; Proctocolitis; Vitamin K