vitamin-k-1 and Poisoning

Long-acting anticoagulant rodenticide (LAAR) poisoning remains a serious public health problem. The aim of this study was to explore the clinical characteristics of different LAARs and a method of making a decision on the VK1 treatment course and the time to stop VK1 treatment safely.. This retrospective study compared the clinical characteristics of two LAARs poisoning patients and used multivariate regression method to explore the relationship between blood LAAR concentration and vitamin K1 dose/treatment time.. A total of 115 patients with LAAR poisoning were included in this study after screening. Of these, 50 patients attempted to commit suicide. The median LAAR concentration of the patients at admission was 409 (157-1174) ng/mL, and the VK1 treatment duration was 14 (8-34) days. The total VK1 treatment time in patients with LAAR poisoning was positively correlated with admission LAAR concentration. During the maintenance treatment period, the VK1 dosage was positively correlated with blood LAAR concentration.. Low dose of VK1 during the maintenance period is indicative of the blood LAAR concentration being relatively low. This provides a basis for judging the LAAR content in the body during the maintenance treatment period.

Topics: Anticoagulants; Humans; Poisoning; Retrospective Studies; Rodenticides; Vitamin K 1

Topics: 4-Hydroxycoumarins; Drug Administration Schedule; Humans; Poisoning; Vitamin K 1

Topics: Anticoagulants; Antidotes; Cannabinoids; Disease Outbreaks; Drug Contamination; Humans; Patient Care Team; Pharmacists; Poisoning; Professional Role; Rodenticides; Vitamin K 1

Anticoagulant rodenticides inhibit the activation of vitamin K-ependent clotting factors, resulting in fatal hemorrhage. Nontarget species are exposed to these rodenticides primarily by direct consumption of baits or secondarily by consumption of poisoned prey. The diagnosis of anticoagulant rodenticide toxicosis is more challenging in birds than in mammals because of the limited availability of laboratory tests to evaluate avian coagulation. In addition, the presenting signs in birds may differ from those commonly seen in mammals. Treatment for acute blood loss and therapy with vitamin K1 can result in a favorable outcome in birds. This report describes the presenting signs, diagnosis, and successful treatment of a red-tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis) with secondary anticoagulant rodenticide toxicosis.

Topics: Animals; Anticoagulants; Bird Diseases; Diagnosis, Differential; Hawks; Hemostatic Techniques; Poisoning; Rodenticides; Vitamin K 1

Topics: Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems; Animals; Anticoagulants; Antifibrinolytic Agents; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Drug Hypersensitivity; Drug Labeling; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Poisoning; Rodenticides; United States; United States Food and Drug Administration; Vitamin K 1; Warfarin

Suicide attempts are frequent during adolescence. Intentional ingestion of rat poison is not well known in France. The complications of this are prolonged and may be serious.. An adolescent, 15 years old, with clinical hemorrhagic syndrome, had coagulation deficiency. Rat poison had been found in serum. The young girl recognized later that the ingestion of these toxins was intentional.. Suicide attempt with rat poison is exceptional, but we have to mention it when vitamin K-dependent factors failed without any other explication.

Topics: Adolescent; Animals; Factor VII; Factor X; Female; Humans; Poisoning; Prothrombin; Rats; Rodenticides; Suicide, Attempted; Vitamin K 1; Warfarin

Brodifacoum is a readily available, second-generation anticoagulant rodenticide (superwarfarin) that causes extended depletion of vitamin K1-dependent clotting factors. Brodifacoum ingestions are being reported with increasing frequency. For the first time, we compare plasma brodifacoum concentration to prothrombin levels over time in a case of brodifacoum poisoning. Brodifacoum was eliminated according to a two-compartment model, with an initial half-life of 0.75 days and a terminal half-life of 24.2 days. On admission, the brodifacoum level was 731 micrograms/L and the patient suffered severe urinary tract hemorrhage, requiring transfusion of blood products. Persistently increased prothrombin times necessitated treatment with phytonadione up to 80 mg/d for 4 months, until the brodifacoum level reached 10 micrograms/L. These data may help project the duration of phytonadione treatment required in future cases of brodifacoum poisoning. Superwarfarin exposure must be suspected in an otherwise unexplained vitamin K1-deficient coagulopathy.

Topics: 4-Hydroxycoumarins; Adult; Blood Transfusion; Half-Life; Humans; Male; Poisoning; Prothrombin Time; Rodenticides; Vitamin K 1

Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Cat Diseases; Cats; Coumarins; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Poisoning; Vitamin K 1

Topics: Animals; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Poisoning; Vitamin K 1; Warfarin

Topics: Antifibrinolytic Agents; Coumarins; Dicumarol; Hemorrhage; Naphthoquinones; Poisoning; Retinoids; Vitamin K; Vitamin K 1