vitamin-k-1 and Infant--Newborn--Diseases

Vitamin K prophylaxis usually is administered orally or intramuscularly, but in neonatal intensive care oral administration might not be feasible and intramuscular administration is not general practice in very small infants. No data are available about plasma levels after intravenous administration of vitamin K to neonates. Therefore, we investigated plasma levels in 18 infants: 14 preterms with a birthweight of 1785+/-648 g and 4 sick newborns with a birth-weight of 3167+/-510 g after administration of a single dose of 0.3+/-0.1 mg/kg phylloquinone (vitamin K(1)) (Konakion MM((R)), Roche) intravenously after birth. Blood was collected 22.9+/-18.4 hours after intravenous administration of vitamin K(1). In 10 neonates a second sample was obtained 111.8+/-49.1 hours after the first vitamin K(1) administration. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used as the method for determination of vitamin K(1). The measured plasma concentration after intravenous administration of vitamin K(1) was 191.3+/-102.6 ng vitamin K in the first sample /mL in the first sample and 98.7+/-75.2 ng vitamin K(1)/mL in the second samples. These results are similar to those described in newborns after oral administration of 3 mg vitamin K(1) and after intramuscular administration of 1.5 mg vitamin K(1). In conclusion, the recommendation of the producer to give 0.4 mg/kg of vitamin K intravenously to neonates, in whom oral or intramuscular administration is not feasible, seems to be rational.

Topics: Female; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Half-Life; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Infant, Premature; Infusions, Intravenous; Intensive Care, Neonatal; Male; Vitamin K 1

A 28-year-old woman in labor developed a severe anaphylactoid reaction, necessitating acute cesarean section, with subsequent neonatal death, after receiving 10 mg of phytomenadione (Konakion) by the intramuscular route. Allergologic investigations revealed no type I reaction against the drug, and the symptoms were considered to be caused by drug-induced intolerance. Prophylactic administration of phytomenadione to the infant rather than to the parturient is recommended.

Topics: Adult; Anaphylaxis; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Injections, Intramuscular; Male; Pregnancy; Vitamin K 1

Five full term neonates presented with haematemeses on one of the first three days of life. All but one had been given vitamin K at birth. Two out of five had clotting abnormalities that suggested vitamin K deficiency. All had evidence of hiatus hernia and, on oesophagoscopy, had evidence of peptic oesophagitis. Bleeding is another complication of neonatal peptic oesophagitis.

Topics: Blood Transfusion; Esophagitis, Peptic; Female; Hematemesis; Hemostatics; Hernia, Hiatal; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Male; Vitamin K 1

Topics: Blood Cell Count; Blood Transfusion; Bone Marrow; Bone Marrow Cells; Cytarabine; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Leukemia, Myeloid; Male; Prednisone; Vincristine; Vitamin K 1

Topics: Female; Hemorrhage; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Pregnancy; Vitamin K 1

Topics: Anemia; Exchange Transfusion, Whole Blood; Factor VII Deficiency; Factor VIII; Hemophilia B; Hemorrhagic Disorders; Humans; Hyperbilirubinemia; Hypoprothrombinemias; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Prednisone; Scalp; Skull Fractures; Thromboplastin; Vitamin K 1

Topics: Bilirubin; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Naphthoquinones; Primaquine; Retinoids; Vitamin K; Vitamin K 1

Topics: Child; Hemorrhage; Humans; Hypoprothrombinemias; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Infant, Premature; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Vitamin K; Vitamin K 1

Topics: Antifibrinolytic Agents; Humans; Hypoprothrombinemias; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Prothrombin; Vitamin K; Vitamin K 1; Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding