vitamin-d-2 and Myocardial-Infarction

To investigate the role of vitamin D2 on the resolution of ST-segment elevation (STE) after a primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), as serum levels of vitamin D have been associated with the severity of coronary artery disease.. All patients who underwent PCI for STEMI were screened for enrolment. Vitamin D2 levels were measured on admission along with other biochemical and haematologic assays. The electrocardiography (ECG) was recorded upon arrival and 60 min after the completion of PCI. The primary endpoint of the study was a ≥ 50% resolution of ST-segment amplitude (+STR) when compared to the initial ECG. A logistic regression multivariate analysis was performed to examine the association of STR with all confounding variables, including the admission levels of vitamin D. Receiver-operator characteristics analysis was used to determine the cut-off value of vitamin D that was predictive of STR. Although there was no difference in STR based on standard classification of vitamin D sufficiency, critically low levels of vitamin D (<7.5 ng/mL) were significantly associated with the absence of STR after PCI (AUC was 0.65 ± 0.07;. We concluded that although levels below ten ng/mL were generally accepted as vitamin D deficiency, only critically low levels of this vitamin (<7.5 ng/dL) reliably predicted the resolution of ST-segment after a primary PCI for patients with STEMI.

Topics: Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Coronary Angiography; Electrocardiography; Ergocalciferols; Humans; Myocardial Infarction; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction; Treatment Outcome; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency; Vitamins

To assess the effect of vitamin D. Rats were divided into control rats, diabetic rats (DM), diabetic rats received ISO (DM-ISO), and diabetic rats pretreated with vitamin D. Vitamin D

Topics: Adrenergic beta-Agonists; Animals; Blood Glucose; Cardiotonic Agents; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Ergocalciferols; Gene Expression Regulation; Isoproterenol; Male; Myocardial Infarction; NF-kappa B; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Signal Transduction; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Vitamins

Accumulating evidence suggests that vitamin D deficiency plays a crucial role in heart failure. However, whether vitamin D signaling itself plays an important role in cardioprotection is poorly understood. In this study, we examined the mechanism of modulating vitamin D signaling on progression to heart failure after myocardial infarction (MI) in mice. Vitamin D signaling was activated by administration of paricalcitol (PC), an activated vitamin D analog. Wild-type (WT) mice underwent sham or MI surgery and then were treated with either vehicle or PC. Compared with vehicle group, PC attenuated development of heart failure after MI associated with decreases in biomarkers, apoptosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. There was also improvement of cardiac function with PC treatment after MI. Furthermore, vitamin D receptor (VDR) mRNA and protein levels were restored by PC treatment. Next, to explore whether defective vitamin D signaling exhibited deleterious responses after MI, WT and VDR knockout (KO) mice underwent sham or MI surgery and were analyzed 4 wk after MI. VDR KO mice displayed a significant decline in survival rate and cardiac function compared with WT mice after MI. VDR KO mice also demonstrated a significant increase in heart failure biomarkers, apoptosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. Vitamin D signaling promotes cardioprotection after MI through anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic and antiapoptotic mechanisms.

Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Biomarkers; Cells, Cultured; Chemokine CCL2; Collagen Type I; Collagen Type I, alpha 1 Chain; Collagen Type III; Disease Models, Animal; Ergocalciferols; Fibrosis; Heart Failure; Inflammation Mediators; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Myocardial Infarction; Myocardium; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Calcitriol; Recovery of Function; RNA, Messenger; Signal Transduction; Time Factors; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Ventricular Function, Left; Vitamins

Cardiovascular diseases are the most important cause of death in patients with impaired kidney function. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), cardiac interstitial fibrosis and cardiovascular calcifications are characteristic of chronic renal insufficiency (CRI). Periostin is a fibrogenesis- and calcification-related matricellular protein re-expressed in adult tissues undergoing remodelling in response to pathological stimuli. The role of periostin in CRI-induced LVH is unknown.. Rats were 5/6-nephrectomized (NX), and after 15 weeks of disease progression high-calcium, high-phosphate or paricalcitol treatment was given for 12 weeks. Cardiac tissue and blood samples were taken to study periostin gene expression and to determine factors contributing to its reactivation, respectively. Left ventricular (LV) periostin expression was also examined in response to angiotensin II or arginine(8)-vasopressin (AVP)-induced pressure overload and in spontaneously hypertensive rats.. CRI resulted in a 6.5-fold increase in LV periostin messenger RNA (mRNA) levels. Positive extracellular immunostaining for periostin was detected in areas of infiltrated inflammatory cells and fibrotic lesions. There was a significant correlation between LV periostin mRNA levels and plasma biomarkers of impaired kidney function, LVH, fibrogenesis-related proteins osteopontin and osteoactivin, and anti-calcific matrix Gla protein. Moreover, LV periostin gene expression in CRI correlated positively with systolic blood pressure (BP) and was activated rapidly in response to angiotensin II or AVP infusions.. Periostin is involved in fibrotic cardiac remodelling in CRI. The re-expression of periostin is localized to the fibrotic and inflammatory lesions and is most likely the consequence of elevated BP.

Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Blotting, Western; Bone Density Conservation Agents; Calcinosis; Cell Adhesion Molecules; Disease Models, Animal; Ergocalciferols; Fibrosis; Gene Expression; Heart Ventricles; Hypertension; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Kidney Function Tests; Myocardial Infarction; Nephrectomy; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Renal Insufficiency; RNA, Messenger

Topics: Blood Pressure; Calcium, Dietary; Cholesterol; Cold Temperature; Diet; Diet, Atherogenic; Dietary Fats; Electrolytes; Ergocalciferols; Hypertension; Lipid Metabolism; Magnesium; Metabolism; Myocardial Infarction; Rats; Reflex; Research; Sodium

Topics: Cholesterol; Diet; Diet, Atherogenic; Dietary Fats; Electricity; Ergocalciferols; Hypercholesterolemia; Hyperlipidemias; Lipid Metabolism; Myocardial Infarction; Rats; Research; Seizures; Sodium; Spasm; Vitamin E Deficiency