vitamin-b-12 and Protein-Losing-Enteropathies

Topics: Blood Volume Determination; Erythrocyte Aging; Humans; Iron; Protein-Losing Enteropathies; Radioimmunoassay; Radioisotopes; Radioligand Assay; Radionuclide Imaging; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Amino Acids; Dietary Carbohydrates; Dietary Fats; Dietary Proteins; Digestion; Electrolytes; Gastric Emptying; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Iron; Liver Diseases; Liver Function Tests; Pancreatic Diseases; Protein-Losing Enteropathies; Radionuclide Imaging; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Abetalipoproteinemia; Amino Acids; Biliary Tract Diseases; Bone Marrow Diseases; Celiac Disease; Child, Preschool; Cystic Fibrosis; Folic Acid; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Intestinal Obstruction; Intestine, Large; Intestine, Small; Lipidoses; Magnesium; Malabsorption Syndromes; Pancreatic Diseases; Postoperative Complications; Protein-Losing Enteropathies; Sprue, Tropical; Vitamin B 12; Whipple Disease; Xanthomatosis

Topics: Animals; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Celiac Disease; Digestive System; Fatty Acids; Fatty Alcohols; Humans; Intestine, Small; Malabsorption Syndromes; Nutrition Disorders; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Protein Deficiency; Protein-Losing Enteropathies; Proteins; Rats; Symbiosis; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency

Topics: Abetalipoproteinemia; Agammaglobulinemia; Animals; Bile Acids and Salts; Biological Transport; Biopsy; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Celiac Disease; Deficiency Diseases; Dermatitis Herpetiformis; Digestion; Endocrine System Diseases; Glutens; Glycoside Hydrolases; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestine, Small; Intestines; Lymphatic Diseases; Malabsorption Syndromes; Methods; Monosaccharides; Protein-Losing Enteropathies; Psoriasis; Radiography; Sprue, Tropical; Vitamin B 12; Whipple Disease

Topics: Anemia, Hypochromic; Anemia, Macrocytic; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Dumping Syndrome; Gastroenterostomy; Hematopoiesis; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Intrinsic Factor; Iron; Malabsorption Syndromes; Methods; Postgastrectomy Syndromes; Protein-Losing Enteropathies; Vitamin B 12

Protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) because of chronic inflammatory enteropathy (CIE) in dogs is often treated with a combination of glucocorticoids and second-line immunosuppressant (SLI). This combined approach might not be necessary in all dogs.. To describe diagnostic features and outcomes of dogs with PLE treated with glucocorticoids alone (group P) or with glucocorticoids and SLI (group S).. Thirty-one dogs with PLE.. Retrospective analysis of signalment data from diagnostic procedures, treatment, and outcome of dogs with CIE/PLE (from 2015 to 2017), using the hospital's digital case database. Dogs with hypoalbuminemia and CIE were included. Because of a stepwise treatment algorithm, dogs were allocated to group P or S. Time to serum albumin concentrations ≥20 g/L and survival data were collected. Dogs were additionally categorized by their albumin and cobalamin serum concentrations. Multivariate and univariate analysis as well as Pearson's correlation and Kaplan-Maier survival analysis were performed.. Seventeen dogs were included in group P and 14 in group S. World Small Animal Veterinary Association score of the duodenum was different between groups (P = .05), but none of the other examined data. Median time until serum albumin reached >20 g/L was 13 days. Median survival time after start of treatment was 85 days (range, 13-463 days) in group P and 166 days (range, 8-390 days) in group S.. No routine diagnostic test was predictive of clinical response, treatment group, or outcome. Glucocorticoid treatment alone can be appropriate in dogs with PLE.

Topics: Animals; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Drug Therapy, Combination; Glucocorticoids; Immunosuppressive Agents; Protein-Losing Enteropathies; Retrospective Studies; Serum Albumin; Survival Analysis; Treatment Outcome; Vitamin B 12

Gastrointestinal (GI) protein loss, due to lymphangiectasia or chronic inflammation, can be challenging to diagnose. This study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of serum and fecal canine α1-proteinase inhibitor (cα1PI) concentrations to detect crypt abscesses and/or lacteal dilation in dogs. Serum and fecal cα1PI concentrations were measured in 120 dogs undergoing GI tissue biopsies, and were compared between dogs with and without crypt abscesses/lacteal dilation. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated for dichotomous outcomes. Serial serum cα1PI concentrations were also evaluated in 12 healthy corticosteroid-treated dogs. Serum cα1PI and albumin concentrations were significantly lower in dogs with crypt abscesses and/or lacteal dilation than in those without (both P <0.001), and more severe lesions were associated with lower serum cα1PI concentrations, higher 3 days-mean fecal cα1PI concentrations, and lower serum/fecal cα1PI ratios. Serum and fecal cα1PI, and their ratios, distinguished dogs with moderate or severe GI crypt abscesses/lacteal dilation from dogs with only mild or none such lesions with moderate sensitivity (56-92%) and specificity (67-81%). Serum cα1PI concentrations increased during corticosteroid administration. We conclude that serum and fecal α1PI concentrations reflect the severity of intestinal crypt abscesses/lacteal dilation in dogs. Due to its specificity for the GI tract, measurement of fecal cα1PI appears to be superior to serum cα1PI for diagnosing GI protein loss in dogs. In addition, the serum/fecal cα1PI ratio has an improved accuracy in hypoalbuminemic dogs, but serum cα1PI concentrations should be carefully interpreted in corticosteroid-treated dogs.

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; alpha 1-Antitrypsin; Animals; Calcium; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Feces; Female; Male; Protein-Losing Enteropathies; Vitamin B 12

To evaluate serum concentrations of biochemical markers and survival time in dogs with protein-losing enteropathy (PLE).. Prospective study.. 29 dogs with PLE and 18 dogs with food-responsive diarrhea (FRD).. Data regarding serum concentrations of various biochemical markers at the initial evaluation were available for 18 of the 29 dogs with PLE and compared with findings for dogs with FRD. Correlations between biochemical marker concentrations and survival time (interval between time of initial evaluation and death or euthanasia) for dogs with PLE were evaluated.. Serum C-reactive protein concentration was high in 13 of 18 dogs with PLE and in 2 of 18 dogs with FRD. Serum concentration of canine pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity was high in 3 dogs with PLE but within the reference interval in all dogs with FRD. Serum α1-proteinase inhibitor concentration was less than the lower reference limit in 9 dogs with PLE and 1 dog with FRD. Compared with findings in dogs with FRD, values of those 3 variables in dogs with PLE were significantly different. Serum calprotectin (measured by radioimmunoassay and ELISA) and S100A12 concentrations were high but did not differ significantly between groups. Seventeen of the 29 dogs with PLE were euthanized owing to this disease; median survival time was 67 days (range, 2 to 2,551 days).. Serum C-reactive protein, canine pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity, and α1-proteinase inhibitor concentrations differed significantly between dogs with PLE and FRD. Most initial biomarker concentrations were not predictive of survival time in dogs with PLE.

Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Blood Proteins; Calcium; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Folic Acid; Food Hypersensitivity; Inflammation; Longevity; Male; Protein-Losing Enteropathies; Serum Albumin; Trypsin; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Adolescent; Anemia, Macrocytic; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Intrinsic Factor; Lymphangiectasis, Intestinal; Malabsorption Syndromes; Male; Protein-Losing Enteropathies; Proteinuria; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency

Gastrointestinal (GI) disease is frequently encountered in patients with defective defense mechanisms. The incidence of GI disease and the structure and function of the GI tract have been studied systematically in 41 patients with immunodeficiency syndromes (IDS) and in 9 patients with chronic granulomatous diesase (CGD). Giardia lamblia was a major cause of GI disease in patients with IDS. Eradication of the parasite resulted in disappearance of symptoms and malabsorption, and normalization of the villus architecture. Six of 9 patients with CGD had either GI symptoms or malabsorption or both. Typical histologic changes were found in the small intestinal and rectal mucosa of all patients biopsied.

Topics: Carotenoids; Crohn Disease; Digestive System; Disaccharidases; Feces; Female; Folic Acid; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Giardia; Giardiasis; Granulomatous Disease, Chronic; Histiocytes; Humans; Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes; Intestine, Small; Lactose Intolerance; Malabsorption Syndromes; Male; Metronidazole; Protein-Losing Enteropathies; Rectum; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia, Pernicious; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Intestine, Small; Protein-Losing Enteropathies; Tetracycline; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency; Xylose

Topics: Child; Child Development; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gastrectomy; Gastritis; Growth; Humans; Hypertrophy; Malabsorption Syndromes; Postgastrectomy Syndromes; Prognosis; Protein-Losing Enteropathies; Stomach Diseases; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Biopsy; Celiac Disease; Dermatitis Herpetiformis; Female; Humans; Intestinal Mucosa; Jejunum; Male; Middle Aged; Protein-Losing Enteropathies; Vitamin A; Vitamin B 12; Xylose

Topics: Blood Volume Determination; Child; Chromium Isotopes; Cobalt Isotopes; Electronic Data Processing; Erythrocyte Aging; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Half-Life; Humans; Iodine Radioisotopes; Iron; Iron Isotopes; Nuclear Medicine; Pediatrics; Protein-Losing Enteropathies; Radiation Dosage; Radiation Protection; Radioisotope Renography; Radionuclide Imaging; Technetium; Technology, Radiologic; Thyroid Gland; Triiodothyronine; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Albumins; Blood Protein Electrophoresis; Bone Marrow Examination; Dietary Carbohydrates; Dietary Proteins; Fibrinogen; Humans; Hypoproteinemia; Intestinal Mucosa; Iodine Radioisotopes; Jejunum; Lipids; Nitrogen; Protein-Losing Enteropathies; Radioisotope Dilution Technique; Serum Albumin; Serum Albumin, Radio-Iodinated; Sprue, Tropical; Vitamin B 12; Xylose

Topics: Absorption; Anemia, Hypochromic; Calcium; Calcium Isotopes; Chromium Isotopes; Cobalt Isotopes; Dietary Fats; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms; Iodine Isotopes; Iron; Iron Isotopes; Occult Blood; Protein-Losing Enteropathies; Radioisotopes; Radionuclide Imaging; Schilling Test; Tritium; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Biopsy; Chromium Isotopes; Fats; Feces; Female; Folic Acid; Glucose Tolerance Test; Humans; Intestines; Iron; Male; Middle Aged; Nephrotic Syndrome; Nitrogen; Protein-Losing Enteropathies; Radiometry; Serum Albumin; Serum Albumin, Radio-Iodinated; Vitamin B 12; Xylose

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Blood Protein Disorders; Child; Diet; Diet Therapy; Hypoproteinemia; Intestinal Diseases; Metabolism; Protein-Losing Enteropathies; Radiography; Serum Albumin; Serum Albumin, Radio-Iodinated; Vitamin B 12