vitamin-b-12 and Kidney-Neoplasms

Little is known about the aetiology of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Components of one-carbon (1C) metabolism, which are required for nucleotide synthesis and methylation reactions, may be related to risk of RCC but existing evidence is inconclusive. We conducted a systematic review and independent exposure-specific meta-analyses of dietary intake and circulating biomarkers of 1C metabolites and RCC risk.. Medline and Embase databases were searched for observational studies investigating RCC or kidney cancer incidence or mortality in relation to components of 1C metabolism and 12 eligible articles were included in the meta-analyses. We used Bayesian meta-analyses to estimate summary relative risks (RRs) and 95% credible intervals (CrIs) comparing the highest versus lowest categories as well as the between-study heterogeneity.. We did not find convincing evidence of an association between any exposure (riboflavin, vitamin B. There was a lack of precision due largely to the low number of studies. Further investigation is warranted, especially for folate and vitamin B

Topics: Bayes Theorem; Carbon; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Folic Acid; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Risk Factors; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6

Topics: Angiography; Chlormerodrin; Chromium Isotopes; Cobalt Isotopes; Color; Edetic Acid; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Humans; Iodine Radioisotopes; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Neoplasms; Mercury Isotopes; Methods; Radioisotope Renography; Radionuclide Imaging; Technetium; Vitamin B 12

Metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is rising in incidence but remains difficult to treat. This clinical trial evaluated the effects of pemetrexed (multitargeted antifolate, ALIMTAR) for the treatment of metastatic RCC.. Patients were required to have histological diagnosis of metastatic RCC with measurable disease and no prior chemotherapy. In addition, patients were required to have a World Health Organization (WHO) performance status of 0-2 and adequate bone marrow reserve. Patients received pemetrexed at a dose of 600 mg/m2 as a 10 min infusion every 3 weeks. Patients did not receive folic acid or vitamin B12 supplementation.. Thirty-nine patients were enrolled and thirty two were evaluable for response. Three patients had a partial response for a response rate of 9% (95% CI 2-25%). The median time to progressive disease was 10.5 months. Of the nonresponders, twenty two had stable disease (median duration was 5.8 months; range 1.5-27.7) and seven had progressive disease (median time to progression was 5.4 months). Median time to progression for all qualified patients was 5.7 months. Common toxicities experienced were diarrhea and infection. Fatigue, stomatitis, and rash were also reported. The most common hematologic toxicity was grade 3/4 lymphopenia in 76% of patients. Leukopenia, granulocytopenia, and thrombocytopenia were also frequently reported.. Single-agent pemetrexed has moderate activity in the treatment of metastatic RCC and should be investigated in combination with other potential active agents, as first-line treatment.

Topics: Aged; Antineoplastic Agents; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Folic Acid; Glutamates; Guanine; Hematinics; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Kidney Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Pemetrexed; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Vitamin B 12

Epigenetic effects of environmental pollutants may be related to carcinogenesis. This study aimed to explore the association between the global DNA methylation marker: 5-methyl-2-deoxycytidine (5mdC) and renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and further investigated whether plasma folate and vitamin B

Topics: Cadmium; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Case-Control Studies; DNA Methylation; Folic Acid; Homocysteine; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Vitamin B 12; Vitamins

The etiology of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is only partially understood, but a metabolic component appears likely. We investigated biomarkers of one-carbon metabolism and RCC onset and survival.. The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) recruited 385747 participants with blood samples between 1992 and 2000, and this analysis included 556 RCC case-control pairs. A subsequent replication study included 144 case-control pairs nested within the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study (MCCS). Plasma concentrations of vitamin B2, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, methionine and homocysteine were measured in prediagnostic samples and evaluated with respect to RCC risk using conditional and unconditional logistic regression models, and to all-cause mortality in RCC cases using Cox regression models. All statistical tests were two-sided.. EPIC participants with higher plasma concentrations of vitamin B6 had lower risk of RCC, the odds ratio comparing the 4(th) and 1(st) quartiles (OR4vs1) being 0.40 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.28 to 0.57, P trend < .001. We found similar results after adjusting for potential confounders (adjusted P trend < .001). In survival analysis, the hazard ratio for all-cause mortality in RCC cases when comparing the 4(th) and 1(st) quartiles (HR4vs1) of vitamin B6 was 0.57 (95% CI = 0.37 to 0.87, P trend < .001). Subsequent replication of these associations within the MCCS yielded very similar results for both RCC risk (OR4vs1 = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.23 to 0.99, P trend = .07) and all-cause mortality (HR4vs1 = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.27 to 1.17, P trend = .02). No association was evident for the other measured biomarkers.. Study participants with higher circulating concentrations of vitamin B6 had lower risk of RCC and improved survival following diagnosis in two independent cohorts.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Biomarkers; Carbon; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Case-Control Studies; Europe; Female; Folic Acid; Humans; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Kidney Neoplasms; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; Odds Ratio; Proportional Hazards Models; Riboflavin; Risk Assessment; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6; Vitamins

Folate, vitamins B6 and B12, methionine, choline, and betaine are nutrients related to one-carbon metabolism and have been hypothesized to decrease cancer risk. Few studies have evaluated dietary intakes of these nutrients in relation to renal cell cancer (RCC).. We conducted prospective follow-up studies of women in the Nurses' Health Study and men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study. Diet was assessed repeatedly using a validated semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire in both studies.. During follow-up of 24 years among 77,208 women (918,891 person-years) and 22 years among 47,886 men (1,731,752 person-years), we accrued 436 cases of RCC (225 women and 211 men). Intakes of folate, vitamins B6 and B12, methionine, and betaine were not found to be related to RCC risk. Higher intake of free choline, but not other forms of choline, was associated with reduced RCC risk. The results were similar in men and women.. We found little evidence that higher intakes of nutrients related to one-carbon metabolism lower RCC risk. One-carbon metabolism may have little influence on renal carcinogenesis.

Topics: Adult; Carbon; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Diet; Female; Folic Acid; Humans; Incidence; Kidney Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Risk Factors; United States; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6

Previous studies have found associations between one-carbon metabolism factors and risk of several cancers, but little is known regarding renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We conducted a nested case-control study within the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study, a prospective study of Finnish male smokers aged 50-69 at baseline.. Prediagnostic folate, vitamin B(6), vitamin B(12), cysteine, riboflavin, and homocysteine concentrations were measured in fasting serum from 224 incident RCC cases and 224 controls (matched on age and date of serum collection). Conditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusted for potential confounders.. Serum folate tended to be inversely associated with RCC, compared to the first quartile, the odds ratios (95% CI) for subsequent quartiles were 0.62 (0.35-1.08), 0.52 (0.29-0.93), and 0.67 (0.37-1.20) (P-trend = 0.19). When modeled as a threshold effect, subjects in the lowest serum folate quartile (

Topics: Biomarkers; Carbon; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Case-Control Studies; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cysteine; Folic Acid; Homocysteine; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Riboflavin; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6

Rapidly growing cells show an increased demand for nutrients and vitamins. The objective of our work is to exploit the supply route of vitamin B12 to deliver new derivatives of this vital vitamin to hyperproliferative cells. To date, radiolabeled ((57)Co and (111)In) vitamin B12 derivatives showed labeling of tumor tissue but also undesired high accumulation of radioactivity in normal tissue. By abolishing the interaction of a tailored vitamin B12 derivative to its transport protein transcobalamin II and therefore interrupting transcobalamin II receptor and megalin mediated uptake in normal tissue, preferential accumulation of a radiolabeled vitamin in cancer tissue could be accomplished. We identified transcobalamin I on tumors as a possible new receptor for this preferential accumulation of vitamin-mediated targeting. The low systemic distribution of radioactivity and the high tumor to blood ratio opens the possibility of a more successful clinical application of vitamin B12 for imaging or therapy.

Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Biological Transport; Carcinoma; Cell Line, Tumor; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Melanoma; Transcobalamins; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Vitamin B 12

To compare tests for intestinal function with clinical scores after abdominal irradiation.. At the Department of Radiotherapy, Erfurt, Germany, intestinal changes were studied in 91 patients receiving abdominal radiotherapy between 1992 and 1996. Conventional fractionation (1.8-2 Gy per fraction, total doses 30.6-62.5 Gy) was applied. Before and at weekly intervals during radiotherapy, the clinical response was scored according to RTOG/EORTC for the upper and lower gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Resorption tests for vitamin B(12) and D-xylose were performed before the onset and immediately after treatment.. The clinical response displayed a well-defined dose-effect relationship with grade 1 effects in 5% and 50% of the patients at about 10 Gy and 50 Gy, respectively. For grade 2 reactions, 5%- and 50%-effective doses were 20-30 Gy and 60-80 Gy. Effects in the upper and lower GI tract were highly correlated. Changes in body weight did not show a correlation with other clinical symptoms. Changes in resorption also displayed a significant dose effect. However, no correlation was found with the clinical symptoms in the individual patient.. In the present study, the clinical manifestation of intestinal side effects according to RTOG/EORTC criteria was reflected by neither the vitamin B(12) nor by the D-xylose resorption test. Hence, these tests cannot be regarded as useful for objective quantitation of intestinal radiation injury.

Topics: Abdomen; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Dose Fractionation, Radiation; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Female; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Intestines; Kidney Neoplasms; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Radiation Injuries; Radiotherapy; Radiotherapy Dosage; Rhabdomyosarcoma; Seminoma; Stomach Neoplasms; Testicular Neoplasms; Time Factors; Vitamin B 12; Xylose

The influence of methylcobalamin (MeCbl) on transplacental effect of N-nitrosoethylurea (NEU) was studied in organ cultures of embryonic tissue of DBA/2 mice by the histoautoradiography (3H TdR). A combined transplacental treatment of pregnant mice with MeCbl and NEU produced a 3.3-fold increase in the frequency of focal hyperplastic growth of epithelium as compared to the effect of NEU alone. Under such conditions the modifying effect of methylcobalamin, coenzyme of methionine synthetase, was probably due to an increase in the proliferative activity of epithelial cells.

Topics: Animals; Cocarcinogenesis; Ethylnitrosourea; Female; Fetal Diseases; Kidney Neoplasms; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Mice; Organ Culture Techniques; Precancerous Conditions; Pregnancy; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Alkaline Phosphatase; Bile; Blood Proteins; Carcinoma; Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins; Chemistry, Clinical; Gastric Juice; Humans; Immunoglobulins; Intrinsic Factor; Isoelectric Focusing; Isoenzymes; Kidney Cortex; Kidney Medulla; Kidney Neoplasms; Methods; Multiple Sclerosis; Nephrotic Syndrome; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Proteinuria; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Neoplasm Regression, Spontaneous; Neuroblastoma; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Animals; Chromatography; Cobalt Isotopes; Coenzymes; In Vitro Techniques; Kidney; Kidney Neoplasms; Liver; Metabolism; Rabbits; Rats; Research; Vitamin B 12