vitamin-b-12 and Infant--Premature--Diseases

Topics: Anemia, Macrocytic; Animals; Blood Cell Count; Feces; FIGLU Test; Folic Acid; Folic Acid Deficiency; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Milk; Milk, Human; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency

Topics: Abetalipoproteinemia; Adult; Anemia; Anemia, Macrocytic; Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Bone Marrow; Deficiency Diseases; Dietary Fats; DNA Replication; Erythropoiesis; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Iron; Kwashiorkor; RNA; Salmonidae; Selenium; Swine; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin E; Vitamin E Deficiency

Premature infants, especially those with birth weights of <1500 g, often suffer from anemia of prematurity and associated problems. Erythropoietin therapy is a safe effective way to prevent and to treat anemia of prematurity. We hypothesized that combined administration of vitamin B12 and folate with erythropoietin and iron would enhance erythropoietin-induced erythropoiesis.. In a randomized, controlled trial, 64 premature infants (birth weight: 801-1300 g) receiving erythropoietin and iron supplementation were assigned randomly to receive either vitamin B12 (3 microg/kg per day) and folate (100 microg/kg per day) (treatment group) or a lower dose of folate (60 microg/kg per day) (control group).. During the 4-week observation period, vitamin B12 and folate enhanced erythropoietin-induced erythropoiesis significantly, as indicated by a 10% increase in red blood cell counts, compared with folate alone. Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels remained stable in the treatment group, whereas they decreased in the control group. Vitamin B12 levels in the treatment group increased over baseline and control values, whereas red blood cell folate levels were comparable between the groups. Subsequent analysis showed slight nonsignificant differences in baseline red blood cell count, hemoglobin level, hematocrit level, and mean corpuscular volume values, which must be addressed as a limitation.. With the limitation of a slight imbalance in baseline data between the study groups, combined therapy with vitamin B12, folate, erythropoietin, and orally and intravenously administered iron seemed more effective in stimulating erythropoiesis among premature infants, compared with erythropoietin, iron, and low-dose folate alone. Additional trials are necessary to confirm these data.

Topics: Anemia, Neonatal; Blood Transfusion; Drug Therapy, Combination; Erythrocyte Indices; Erythropoiesis; Erythropoietin; Folic Acid; Gestational Age; Hematocrit; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Parenteral Nutrition; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B Complex

Iron (Fe) status of neonates born to women carrying multiple fetuses might be compromised as a consequence of the high prevalence of maternal Fe deficiency and anemia coupled with an increased risk of preterm birth. This study aimed to characterize and identify determinants of anemia in this neonatal population.. Umbilical cord blood obtained from 183 neonates was utilized to assess hemoglobin (Hb), ferritin (SF), soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), hepcidin, serum Fe, erythropoietin, folate, vitamin B-12, C-reactive protein, and interleukin-6. Associations with maternal Fe status were explored.. Cord Hb or SF did not change significantly as a function of gestational age at birth (25-38 wks). Neonates born to women who were obese prior to pregnancy or smoked cigarettes during pregnancy had a 4-5-fold greater odds of anemia at birth. Cord sTfR was the strongest indicator of cord Hb (P < 0.0001), and it was significantly associated with maternal sTfR at mid-gestation (P = 0.01) and delivery (P = 0.002). Cord Fe indicators were significantly associated with cord hepcidin, but not maternal hepcidin.. Screening for Fe status in neonates born to women carrying multiple fetuses is warranted, especially for those born to smokers or to women who are obese at entry into pregnancy.

Topics: Adult; Anemia; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency; C-Reactive Protein; Cohort Studies; Erythropoietin; Female; Ferritins; Fetal Blood; Folic Acid; Hemoglobins; Hepcidins; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Infant, Premature; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Interleukin-6; Iron; Obesity; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pregnancy, Multiple; Premature Birth; Receptors, Transferrin; Smoking; Tobacco Use Disorder; Vitamin B 12; Young Adult

Nicolau syndrome (NS), also known as livedo-like dermatitis or embolia cutis medicamentosa, is a very rare complication of intramuscular and intraarticular injection of various drugs.. We herein report a case of NS developing approximately 2 h after the intramuscular administration of vitamin K1 in an extremely low birth weight premature newborn. To our knowledge, this patient is the youngest case suffering from such a livedoid skin necrosis and the first case of neonatal NS developing due to intramuscular administration of vitamin K1.

Topics: Drug Eruptions; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Injections, Intramuscular; Male; Skin; Skin Diseases, Vascular; Syndrome; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B Complex; Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding

Topics: Anemia; Folic Acid; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Iron; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia, Neonatal; Birth Weight; Folic Acid; Gestational Age; Hematocrit; Humans; Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Female; Growth; Growth Disorders; Humans; Infant Nutrition Disorders; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Male; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Amylases; Body Weight; Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Child, Preschool; Folic Acid; Humans; Infant; Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Lipase; Nutrition Disorders; Pancreatic Juice; Trypsin; Vitamin A; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Child; Chlortetracycline; Hematopoiesis; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Iron; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B Complex